Training in competences helps university students develop in a comprehensive way that is oriented towards working in their chosen profession. The profession focused on in this study is that of social educator. Degree programmes related to this profession are relatively new and their implementation is also open to variation. As a result of this, a review of the competency profile of the profession is considered necessary. The study presented here aims to validate the competences of this profession by means of expert judgement. The panel of experts assesses the relevance and clarity of each element, as well as giving their opinions on them. The contributions provided result in a set of qualitative and quantitative data whose analysis helps to redefine a profile comprising 23 competences distributed across two dimensions: basic competences (14) and professional competences (9). 相似文献
Given the central place IT-based research tools take in scientific research, the marginal role such tools currently play in
science curricula is dissatisfying from the perspective of making students scientifically literate. To appropriately frame
the role of IT-based research tools in science curricula, we propose a framework that is developed to understand the use of
tools in human activity, namely cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT). Accordingly, IT-based research tools constitute
central moments of scientific research activity and neither can be seen apart from its objectives, nor can it be considered
apart from the cultural-historical determined forms of activity (praxis) in which human subjects participate. Based on empirical
data involving students participating in research activity, we point out how an appropriate account of IT-based research tools
involves subjects’ use of tools with respect to the objectives of research activity and the contribution to the praxis of
research. We propose to reconceptualize the role of IT-based research tools as contributing to scientific literacy if students
apply these tools with respect to the objectives of the research activity and contribute to praxis of research by evaluating
and modifying the application of these tools. We conclude this paper by sketching the educational implications of this reconceptualized
role of IT-based research tools. 相似文献
Background: Blending collaborative learning and project-based learning (PBL) based on Wolff (2003) design categories, students interacted in a learning environment where they developed their technology integration practices as well as their technological and collaborative skills.
Purpose: The study aims to understand how seventh grade students perceive a collaborative web-based science project in light of Wolff’s design categories. The goal of the project is to develop their technological and collaborative skills, to educate them about technology integration practices, and to provide an optimum collaborative, PBL experience.
Sample: Seventh grade students aged 12–14 (n = 15) were selected from a rural K–12 school in Turkey through purposeful sampling.
Design and methods: The current study applied proactive action research since it focused on utilizing a new way to enhance students’ technological and collaborative skills and to demonstrate technology integration into science coursework. Data were collected qualitatively through interviews, observation forms, forum archives, and website evaluation rubrics.
Results: The results found virtual spaces such as online tutorials, forums, and collaborative and communicative tools to be beneficial for collaborative PBL. The study supported Wolff’s design features for a collaborative PBL environment, applying features appropriate for a rural K–12 school setting and creating a digitally-enriched environment. As the forum could not be used as effectively as expected because of school limitations, more flexible spaces independent of time and space were needed.
Conclusions: This study’s interdisciplinary, collaborative PBL was efficient in enhancing students’ advanced technological and collaborative skills, as well as exposing them to practices for integrating technology into science. The study applied design features for a collaborative PBL environment with certain revisions. 相似文献
This article is a result of a completed survey of the mainly cognitive science literature on the transferability of those
skills which have been described variously as ‘core’, ‘key’, and ‘generic’. The literature reveals that those predominantly
cognitive skills which have been studied thoroughly (mainly problem solving) are transferable under certain conditions. These
conditions relate particularly to the methods and environment of the learning of these skills. Therefore, there are many implications
for the teaching of key skills in higher education, which the article draws out, following a summary of the main findings
of the research literature. Learning of principles and concepts facilitates transfer to dissimilar problems, as it creates
more flexible mental representations, whereas rote learning of facts discourages transfer. Transfer is fostered when general
principles of reasoning are taught together with self-monitoring practices and potential applications in varied contexts.
Training in reasoning and critical thinking is only effective for transfer, when abstract principles and rules are coupled
with examples. Transfer is promoted when learning takes place in a social context, which fosters generation of principles
and explanations. Transfer improves when learning is through co-operative methods, and where there is feedback on performance
with training examples. The specificity of the context in which principles are learned reduces their transfer. Transfer is
promoted if learners are shown how problems resemble each other, if they are expected to learn to do this themselves, if they
are aware of how to apply skills in different contexts, if attention is directed to the underlying goal structure of comparable
problems, if examples are varied and are accompanied by rules or principles (especially if discovered by the learners), and
if learners’ self-explanations are stimulated. Learning to use meta-cognitive strategies is especially important for transfer. 相似文献
