Regulatory policy as innovation: Constructing rules of engagement for a technological zone of tissue engineering in the European Union   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Alex Faulkner 《Research Policy》2009,38(4):637-646

This paper addresses the question of the part that regulation plays in processes of innovation in sectors of technology. The politico-economic phenomenon of ‘Europe’ is partly constituted by regulatory regime-building, and new technologies are one of the major sites of regime-building. A constructionist social theory perspective shows that study of the conflictual processes of regulatory policymaking affords insights into the formation of the rules of engagement that constitute technology domains. Adopting the concept of emergent ‘technological zone’ in preference to industrial ‘sector’ or technoscientific network, the paper presents, using empirical research, a detailed account of the case of the debate and development of regulatory policy for therapeutic tissue engineering in the European Union's policy institutions and stakeholder networks. It describes how the jurisdiction of an emergent zone has been formed through such negotiations, providing a counter-example to the common view that regulation ‘lags behind’ innovation. The analysis takes account particularly of the part played by the malleability of the definition of the material technology itself in such constructive governance processes, and it also suggests various consequences for the array of producers of the technology, for market structuring and for the innovation pathways taken by tissue engineering technology. Concluding, the paper argues that there is conceptual advance to be made by bringing together constructionist social theory with innovation studies approaches that highlight the part played by non-firm, public institutions in shaping innovation ecologies.  相似文献   

Towards a user-oriented thesaurus for non-domain-specific image collections     

JungWon Yoon 《Information processing & management》2009

  相似文献   

A social status perspective of network utility over electronic channels in academic communities     

Karma Sherif  Jaeki Song  James Wilcox 《International Journal of Information Management》2009

Early research on the social implications of e-mail has promoted the role of electronic communication channels in fostering social equality and reducing gaps between the social classes. Follow-up studies, however, suggest that people continue to rely on social cues in electronic communication as a way of dealing with uncertainties and reducing feelings of discomfort associated with unfamiliar contexts. Based on a review of the Social Cognitive Theory, social status and electronic communication literatures, along with the results of a previous qualitative study, we propose a formal model that indicates how self-perceptions of social status are related to the use of e-mail and the acquisition of social resources over electronic channels. The model is tested using data collected from 206 faculty members in a major U.S. university. The empirical results support the proposed model implying that self-perceptions of social status influence social assertiveness, which in turn reinforces the use of e-mail to seek help and acquire social resources from others. The use of e-mail for the acquisition of social resources is associated with a socially diverse network whose contacts are perceived to acquire valuable information and to extend instrumental support for career development. Implications are drawn for both theory and practice.  相似文献   

公益社团腐败的治理路径研究     

陆明远 《学会》2009,(12):3-8,54

公益社团的发展能够对政府、企业和民众起到积极的作用,但在现实生活中,无论是西方发达国家还是中国,公益社团都出现了一些负面的问题。公益腐败、低效等丑闻日益引起各界的重视,这不仅破坏了公益社团自身形象和社会基础,更危及到广大民众的合法权利,将严重阻碍中国慈善事业的发展。因此,治理公益社团中的腐败问题,需要加强对公益社团的各项监督,真正实现中国公益社团的廉洁、高效。  相似文献   

政府资助专利费用及其对社会福利的影响分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

文家春  朱雪忠 《科研管理》2009,30(3):89-95

摘要：随着政府资助专利费用政策在我国各地方的普遍实施,资助范围越来越广,资助额度越来越高,但学界对其合理性的质疑也越来越多。本文通过建立简单的博弈模型分析了专利费用对社会福利的影响机理,发现政府资助专利费用通过直接影响创新者的专利申请行为,可能会间接地降低社会福利水平。在此基础上,本文提出了提高我国专利费用标准,明确政府资助专利费用重点的政策建议。  相似文献   

新农村建设进程中的中国邮政发展策略研究     

李盛竹  叶子荣 《科学．经济．社会》2009,27(1):11-13

基于社会主义新农村建设与中国邮政改革的背景,本文从社会福利角度考察邮政运管效率与战略问题,提出了中国邮政的相应农村发展策略。结果表明：保障农村邮政普遍服务,与农村经济发展和新农村建设相适应,采取满足农民需求的邮政农村发展战略,提高邮政运营效率,有利于提高广大农村地区的社会福利,减少社会矛盾,体现社会公平并促进邮政发展。  相似文献   

我国职业足球俱乐部诸失范现象之社会学剖析——解构足坛“国企足球”、联赛退赛、俱乐部易名、换帅及足球投机之怪现状   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

王杰 《南京体育学院学报(社会科学版)》2009,23(2):85-89

运用文献资料法、调查法等研究方法,分析得出＂国企足球＂的资产流失、俱乐部退赛的随意性、易名的短期行为、以及足球投机的功利特征等方面的矛盾及现象是制约我国职业足球俱乐部健康有序发展的主要根源所在。指出失范现象是阻碍职业足球俱乐部进程的绊脚石,如不加以纠正、克服,势必会影响足球俱乐部规范化建设步伐,对我国整体足球发展推进也有阻碍,具有一定的现实意义。  相似文献   

私营企业销售人员薪酬福利体系再设计     

刘文婷  刘雄 《大同职业技术学院学报》2009,(5)

在经济全球化和知识经济日益兴起的机遇和挑战中,企业的第一要务就是加强人力资源各个方面的研究和开发,而开发和管理人力资源的关键就是建立合理有效的薪酬管理体系。本文通过对L公司销售人员薪酬变革的案例探讨和分析我国中小企业薪酬管理方面存在的问题,并尝试改进解决方案。  相似文献   

Social networks and coordination performance of distributed software development teams     

Liaquat Hossain  David Zhu 《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2009,20(1):52-61

In this study, we explore the coordination performance of the geographically distributed software development teams by exploring OSS (Open Source Software) development dataset available through SourceForge.com. OSS team structures have traditionally been geographically dispersed and therefore, the coordination of post release activities such as testing efforts have been carried out by means of communication via electronic forms, such as email or message boards and forums. In our current communication-enriched environment, best practices for coordination are adopted by all software projects yet some still fail to achieve their target performance. Does team structure have any bearing on the performance outcome of the project? How does the communication between teams and their external parties affect ultimate success or failure of projects? We seek to answer above questions by applying existing theories and analytical methods from social networks for exploring the coordination performance of defect management activities found in OSS projects. We propose social networks based theoretical model for exploring distributed coordination structure and apply that for the case of OSS defect management process for exploring the structural properties, which induce the greatest coordination performance. The outcome of our suggest that there is correlation between certain network measures such as density, centrality and betweenness and coordination performance measures of defect management systems such as quality and timeliness.  相似文献   

浅论建立企业社会责任档案的必要性与方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨洪云  于健 《档案学研究》2009,23(1):40-42

本文认为建立企业社会责任档案,不仅能够激励企业履行社会责任,也有利于促进和谐社会建设和增强中国企业的国际竞争力。结合目前实际情况,笔者指出建立企业社会责任档案应该提高全社会对企业社会责任及其档案重要性的认识,建立相关标准和规定,确定建档内容与程序。  相似文献