人工智能背景下应用型本科院校会计专业人才培养及课程改革研究     

方烨 《河北能源职业技术学院学报》2021,21(1)

随着科学技术的发展,互联网应用于各个领域已是大势所趋,“互联网+”的人工智能应用在会计领域对应用型本科院校会计专业人才培养而言,既是挑战,又是机遇。人工智能背景下,对高校会计人才培养提出了新的要求。应用型本科院校应当采取:以社会需求为导向,重塑人才培养方案设计理念;探索多学科融合的培养模式;引入企业导师,充实实践教材、壮大师资队伍;开放教学模式,综合提升学生实践应用能力;培养国际化视野的创新型会计人才等措施进行人才培养方案设计和课程改革。  相似文献   

Dipe-D: A Tool for Knowledge-Based Query Formulation in Information Retrieval     

Ruud van der Pol 《Information Retrieval》2003,6(1):21-47

The paper reports the development of Dipe-D, a knowledge-based procedure for the formulation of Boolean queries in information retrieval. Dipe-D creates a query in two steps: (1) the user's information need is developed interactively, while identifying the concepts of the information need, and subsequently (2) the collection of concepts identified is automatically transformed into a Boolean query. In the first step, the subject area—as represented in a knowledge base—is explored by the user. He does this by means of specifying the (concepts that meet his) information need in an artificial language and looking through the solution as provided by the computer. The specification language allows one to specify concepts by their features, both in precise terms as well as vaguely. By repeating the process of specifying the information need and exploring the resulting concepts, the user may precisely single out the concepts that describe his information need. In the second step, the program provides the designations (and variants) for the concepts identified, and connects them by appropriate operators. Dipe-D is meant to improve on existing procedures that identify the concepts less systematically, create a query manually, and then sometimes expand that query. Experiments are reported on each of the two steps; they indicate that the first step identifies only but not all the relevant concepts, and the second step performs (at least) as good as human beings do.  相似文献   

The responsibility gap: Ascribing responsibility for the actions of learning automata     

Andreas?MatthiasEmail author 《Ethics and Information Technology》2004,6(3):175-183

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脑科学与类脑研究概述   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

蒲慕明  徐波  谭铁牛 《中国科学院院刊》2016,31(7):725-736

脑科学和类脑智能技术是两个重要的前沿科技领域;二者相互借鉴、相互融合的发展是近年来国际科学界涌现的新趋势。脑科学研究对大脑认知神经原理的认识,提升了人类对自身的理解和脑重大疾病的诊治水平,也为发展类脑计算系统和器件、突破传统计算机架构的束缚提供了重要的依据。文章概括性地总结了国际脑科学和智能技术领域的总体进展,未来15年的发展趋势和有望解决的重大科学问题,以及我国在这两领域发展的特色和优势。  相似文献   

核磁共振永磁体无源匀场的神经网络方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

焦玮玮  董增仁  孙威  刘卫 《中国科学院研究生院学报》2006,23(2):149-154

针对核磁共振永磁体的磁场传统匀场方法难度大，经验依赖程度高的情况，提出了人工神经网络应用于磁场匀场的手段。通过基于Matlab的神经网络设计，建立了一个匀场的BP网络模型。由于在磁体的不同的均匀度条件下匀场的方法不同，所以该网络由两个子网络组成----粗调网络和精调网络，并分别对其进行训练。该模型建立之后，可以快速、准确地匀场，使无源匀场不再盲目得进行多次尝试，一次就能使判断准确。通过人工神经网络方法匀场的磁体，均匀度高，满足了核磁共振岩心分析仪的匀场环境。  相似文献   

人造碱基与人工合成生命          下载免费PDF全文

陈非  董梦醒  葛猛  刘国成 《中国科学院院刊》2016,31(4):457-466

文章就人造碱基及相关人工合成生命领域内的代表性研究成果进行了全景式综述,着重介绍了氢键互补及疏水性两种最为主要的人造碱基对,探讨了具有里程碑意义的六核酸分子人工合成生命及其对合成生物学未来发展的影响,简单综述了人造碱基在DNA检测诊断试剂盒等方面的成功应用实例。最后对这一研究领域的前景和面临的挑战进行了展望。  相似文献   

类脑智能研究现状与发展思考   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

徐波  刘成林  曾毅 《中国科学院院刊》2016,31(7):793-802

近年来人工智能研究的许多重要进展反映了一个趋势:来自脑科学的启发,即使是局部的借鉴都能够有效地提升现有人工智能模型与系统的智能水平。然而,想要真正逼近乃至超越人类水平的人工智能,还需要对脑信息处理机制更为深入的研究和借鉴。类脑智能研究的目标就是通过借鉴脑神经结构及信息处理机制,实现机制类脑、行为类人的下一代人工智能系统。文章从受脑启发的新一代人工神经网络、基于记忆、注意和推理的认知功能模型、基于生物脉冲神经网络的多脑区协同认知计算模型等角度,并结合研究团队在类脑智能领域的研究进展,论述类脑智能的研究进展、发展方向和对未来发展的思考。  相似文献   

发现抑或人工生成:科学实验与规律的双重关系          下载免费PDF全文

罗天强  殷正坤 《科学学研究》2016,34(9):1287-1293

自然规律是随着宇宙的演化而自然生成的,而人类能够通过自己的实践活动实现新规律的人工生成。科学实验作为科学研究的重要基础和手段,人们能够通过纯化简化实验发现自然界原本存在的自然规律,也能够通过强化激化及特殊实验和技术科学实验人工生成自然界原本不存在的新规律。人工生成新规律,改变了人与规律关系的传统认识,并使人们充分认识到在科学研究和技术开发活动中,设定新技术目标、加强实验仪器和设备的研制、加强稀有资源的研究开发与保护、加强技术科学研究等具有特别重要的意义。  相似文献   

Ethics and Artificial life: From Modeling to Moral Agents     

John?P.?SullinsEmail author 《Ethics and Information Technology》2005,7(3):139-148

Artificial Life (ALife) has two goals. One attempts to describe fundamental qualities of living systems through agent based computer models. And the second studies whether or not we can artificially create living things in computational mediums that can be realized either, virtually in software, or through biotechnology. The study of ALife has recently branched into two further subdivisions, one is “dry” ALife, which is the study of living systems “in silico” through the use of computer simulations, and the other is “wet” ALife that uses biological material to realize what has only been simulated on computers, effectively wet ALife uses biological material as a kind of computer. This is challenging to the field of computer ethics as it points towards a future in which computer and bioethics might have shared concerns. The emerging studies into wet ALife are likely to provide strong empirical evidence for ALife’s most challenging hypothesis: that life is a certain set of computable functions that can be duplicated in any medium. I believe this will propel ALife into the midst of the mother of all cultural battles that has been gathering around the emergence of biotechnology. Philosophers need to pay close attention to this debate and can serve a vital role in clarifying and resolving the dispute. But even if ALife is merely a computer modeling technique that sheds light on living systems, it still has a number of significant ethical implications such as its use in the modeling of moral and ethical systems, as well as in the creation of artificial moral agents.  相似文献   

高新技术项目投资风险的人工神经网络综合评价模型   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

楼文高 《技术与创新管理》2005,26(3):8-11

高新技术项目投资具有高风险、高收益等特点，科学准确的风险评价对项目投资至关重要。在分析高新技术项目投资风险影响因素的基础上，并根据投资风险分级标准，建立了高新技术项目投资风险进行综合评价的人工神经网络模型，能有效地避免层次分析等传统评价过程中的人为影响。仿真实验表明，采用该方法能获得令人满意的结果。  相似文献