对社会主义社会劳动和劳动价值论的时代思考   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王维平  郭海奇 《科学．经济．社会》2005,23(4):50-53,56

本文在充分肯定马克思劳动和劳动价值理论的历史和现实价值的基础上，分析了100多年以来的时代发展对传统的劳动和劳动价值理论提出的挑战，在时代因素和制度因素的结合上对社会主义社会的劳动和劳动价值理论作了初步分析，提出了深化对社会主义社会的劳动和劳动价值论认识应该创新的几个观念，最后分析了科学认识社会主义社会的劳动和劳动价值论的重要理论和实践意义。  相似文献   

服务业就业比重与失业率的关系研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

程永宏 《中国软科学》2005,(2):46-56

面对当前中国沉重的就业压力,流行的观点认为,发展服务业能够扩大就业,降低失业率。本文利用世界银行相关经验数据,对服务业就业比重与就业总量、失业率等方面的关系进行计量经济学分析,发现了几个重要关系：就业总量与服务业就业比重存在显著正相关;劳动力总供给和女性劳动参与率与服务业就业比重也存在显著正相关。这一发现有力地解释了普遍存在于市场经济国家的一种现象：服务业就业比重的上升尽管创造了新的就业机会,但失业率却没有因此而下降。  相似文献   

试论西部地区城市化与农村劳动力转移   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

胡杨  彭怡 《软科学》2003,17(6):73-76

本文在分析西部地区城市化水平与经济发展关系的基础上,论述了城市化对农业产业化及农村劳动力转移的重要作用。同时指出,要从根本上实现农业产业化、解决农民增收问题,只有尽快转移目前农村过多的剩余劳动力,而城市化是实现这一目标的唯一途径。最后,文章对近期加快西部地区城市化进程应采取的措施提出了政策建议。  相似文献   

Taiwanese IT firms’ offshore R&D in China and the connection with the global innovation network     

Shin-Horng Chen 《Research Policy》2004,33(2):337-349

Although it is evident that technology is becoming increasingly globalized, resulting in the expansion of R&D internationalization by firms, despite this discernible trend, the substantial body of literature in this area is based mainly on the experience of the developed country. This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of this issue by examining the R&D internationalization of a newly-industrializing country, Taiwan being a prime example, and its connection with the global production network. We begin with an examination of the literature on R&D internationalization and globalization, based upon which we propose a conceptual framework adapted from Dunning’s eclectic paradigm. In doing so, we set out to develop arguments based not only on the reasons why cross-strait R&D internationalization may be undertaken by Taiwanese information technology (IT) firms, but also the likely patterns of their R&D portfolios across the strait. Drawing on an original questionnaire survey and firm-level interviews, the paper presents and discusses empirical data on the cross-strait R&D deployment of Taiwanese IT firms. It then goes a stage further, using the ‘smiling curve’, to put forward a ‘holistic’ view of the cross-border innovation network in the IT hardware industry, in order to determine what cross-strait R&D internationalization means to the global production network.  相似文献   

Emotional experience, expression, and regulation of high-quality Japanese elementary school teachers     

Rika Hosotani  Kyoko Imai-Matsumura 《Teaching and Teacher Education》2011,27(6):1039-1048

The present study investigates the emotional experience, expression, and regulation processes of high-quality Japanese elementary school teachers while they interact with children, in terms of teachers’ emotional competence. Qualitative analysis of interview data demonstrated that teachers had various emotional experiences including self-elicited negative emotions. The major expression patterns were identified as direct staging and the suppression of emotions. Teachers considered emotion expression in front of children as a skill, and their emotion regulation processes involved considering various purposes, appropriately using emotion expression, and ideal teacher images. The findings suggest that high-quality teachers effectively use emotional competence in teaching.  相似文献   

马克思的技术伦理思想及其当代价值     

高尚荣 《云南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2011,43(1):105-110

面对当代高技术社会的伦理困境,当代技术伦理导向马克思的技术伦理思想研究。作为一种系统的整体论,其技术伦理思想分为技术伦理的社会制度环境、组织制度条件和技术主体道德三个方面,并以技术史和工艺学实证研究为基础,为现代技术伦理的社会、技术和人的协同发展目标奠定了理论基础。  相似文献   

也谈劳动生产率同价值创造的关系     

何干强 《教学与研究》2011,(7)

研究本论题,必须确定关于价值性质的有关科学规定,必须从劳动二重性的基本原理出发;充分认识同一部门生产率高的劳动,其有用劳动的质高于社会标准,所以其实际劳动时间能折合成更多的社会必要劳动时间,能创造较多的社会价值;应当纠正忽视劳动二重性在本论题上产生认识误区;承认同一部门先进客观生产要素能够起增加吸收社会必要劳动程度的作用;并注意在劳动形成的价值量的数量分析中,数学逻辑应服从于科学经济学的逻辑。  相似文献   

Developing a template for National Child Protection Index Reports     

Ager A  Stark L  Chu E  Dewan S  Boothby N 《Child abuse & neglect》2011,35(12):1002-1008

Objectives

What impact does the strengthening of child rights have on the experience and circumstances of children? CRC General Comment 13 emphasizes that defining measurable targets for improvements in child protection is a key element of efforts to strengthen child rights and well-being across the world. This paper describes an attempt to identify key domains relevant to such mapping of child protection indicators, and the feasibility of collecting data—from existing data sources or otherwise—to complete a “National Child Protection Index Report” summarizing achievements and concerns at a national level.

Methods

A process of inter-agency consultation was facilitated by the CPC Learning Network to establish a template for the Index Report. The template was modeled on that used for the “Countdown to 2015” maternal, neonatal and child health initiative, aiming to capture indices not only of key protection risks but also implementation and coverage of key protection measures. The work drew on indicator development and policy initiatives by a number of international child protection agencies. The template developed was used as a basis to pilot national data collection in Indonesia and, at a sub-national level, in northern Uganda.

Findings

The template provides a concise summary of protection issues of relevance to a broad range of constituencies, global and national. However, in the pilot settings, existing routine data collection was inadequate to effectively populate a large proportion of indicators. Mechanisms of collating findings from discrete assessments—another potential source of data for completion of the index report—were also generally underdeveloped.

Practice implications

In settings where state infrastructure allows the collection and analysis of routine data in such domains as health and economic activity, such efforts should be extended to the child protection sector. Discrete assessments by governmental or non-governmental agencies also provide significant potential for more effective sharing and collation of information. National Child Protection sub-clusters or equivalent structures can play an important role in facilitating both of these processes.  相似文献   

中国就业政策评价:1998-2008   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

赖德胜  孟大虎  李长安  田永坡 《北京师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2011,(3):110-124

从消极就业政策到积极就业政策的转变,标志着中国政府以更为积极的姿态来处理就业问题。估算结果表明,1998-2008年,我国政府为落实就业政策累计支出6169.67亿元,其中用于落实消极就业政策的支出为4144.06亿元,落实积极就业政策的支出为2025.61亿元。实证分析发现,落实积极就业政策的支出和落实消极就业政策的支出与下岗失业人员的再就业之间存在长期稳定关系,落实积极就业政策的支出每变动1%会导致下岗失业人员的再就业数量同向变动0.27%,说明我国政府用于促进就业的支出的确对再就业工作显示出了积极作用;而落实消极就业政策的支出每变动1%将引起下岗失业人员的再就业数量反向变动1.05%,这一结果表明落实消极就业政策的支出吸引了更多的失业下岗人员加入失业保险体系,同时发挥出了一种"社会稳定器"的功能。  相似文献   

统筹城乡发展中促进村落体育公共服务发展的策略研究     

卢文云 《北京体育大学学报》2018,41(2):17-24+87

摘要：为促进乡村社会和谐发展和体育事业全面发展,以统筹城乡综合配套改革试验区成都市的行政村16岁以上常住居民、主管文体工作的村干部、村落非正式或正式的体育组织为研究对象,综合运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、访谈调查法、数理统计法对村落体育公共服务存在的问题、原因及发展策略进行研究。主要研究结论为：村落体育公共服务存在村民参与体育活动的比例不高、村民的总体满意度评价不高、供给总体水平不高且不均衡、自组织能力较差、村民的参与程度较低、发展的长效机制尚未建立等问题,这些问题产生的原因本质上看是体制和机制不健全所致。为此,要建立相应的村落体育公共服务的分工体制、财政支撑体制、多元参与机制和监督机制,解决政府对村落体育公共服务的制度化投入问题,以及提高政府投入的效果和效率;最大限度地动员市场、第三部门和村落社区参与村落体育公共服务的供给与生产,实现村落体育公共服务供给与生产的多元化和可持续性。  相似文献