From Retrieval Status Values to Probabilities of Relevance for Advanced IR Applications     

Henrik Nottelmann  Norbert Fuhr 《Information Retrieval》2003,6(3-4):363-388

Information Retrieval systems typically sort the result with respect to document retrieval status values (RSV). According to the Probability Ranking Principle, this ranking ensures optimum retrieval quality if the RSVs are monotonously increasing with the probabilities of relevance (as e.g. for probabilistic IR models). However, advanced applications like filtering or distributed retrieval require estimates of the actual probability of relevance. The relationship between the RSV of a document and its probability of relevance can be described by a normalisation function which maps the retrieval status value onto the probability of relevance (mapping functions). In this paper, we explore the use of linear and logistic mapping functions for different retrieval methods. In a series of upper-bound experiments, we compare the approximation quality of the different mapping functions. We also investigate the effect on the resulting retrieval quality in distributed retrieval (only merging, without resource selection). These experiments show that good estimates of the actual probability of relevance can be achieved, and that the logistic model outperforms the linear one. Retrieval quality for distributed retrieval is only slightly improved by using the logistic function.  相似文献   

Examining the Causal Relationships Among Selected Antecedents of Responsible Environmental Behavior     

Yeong-Hyeon Hwang  Seong-Il Kim  Jiann-Min Jeng 《The Journal of environmental education》2013,44(4):19-25

Abstract

Attitude models have been widely applied to natural resource management to ensure responsible environmental behavior. For a variety of applications, the causality among selected antecedents, such as knowledge of environmental issues, locus of control, attitude, personal responsibility, and intention to act on responsible environmental behavior has not yet been tested empirically. A hypothesized causal model based on Hine's (1986) model on responsible environmental behavior was developed. The data from 523 visitors to the urban forest trail in the Kwang-Reung Arboretum, Korea, during September 1995 were used for testing the suggested causal model. Path analysis using the LISREL program tested the model fit and statistical effects of variables. In terms of the effects on intention to act, locus of control and attitude are more important than knowledge and personal responsibility. Our findings suggest that in order to enhance responsible environmental behavior, environmental education and interpretation systems need to focus on changing the internal locus of control. Several recommendations, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.  相似文献   

MRNS-9000型航海雷达模拟器船型编辑功能的开发     

陈平璋 《上海海事大学学报》1990,(2)

船舶操纵模拟器用于航道、港口开发已是当前先进而有效的手段。本文对“海河通航标准研究”课题在MRNS-9000型航海雷达模拟器上所进行的船型拟合工作作了概述,并提出了在航海雷达模拟器上拟合船舶数学模型时所采用的主要依据,即利用船舶操纵性标准、与在航船舶操纵行为密切相关的标准同船舶数学模型进行拟合。目前,此法已成功地用于“海河通航标准研究”这一课题中。同时,作者对船舶航行时受风力影响的问题也提出了看法。  相似文献   

AI for Science：智能化科学设施变革基础研究          下载免费PDF全文

杨小康  许岩岩  陈露  王韫博  高岳  田济东  俞凯  金耀辉  梅宏 《中国科学院院刊》2024,39(1):59-69

近年来，人工智能（AI）在前沿科技领域取得了诸如AlphaFold2、核聚变智能控制、新冠药物设计等诸多令人瞩目成果，表明AI for Science正在成为一种新的研究范式。实现智能时代的基础科学源头创新及其下游重大技术创新，需破解2个方面的核心问题：（1）如何利用新一代AI（特别是生成式AI及大模型）的通用性和创造性推动新范式的形成；（2）如何利用AI实现对传统科学设施的赋能与改造。文章提出一种智能化科学设施的建设构想，兼顾“高度智能化的科学新设施”和“AI赋能已有科学大设施”2个层面的需求，构筑AI for Science的科学设施体系，形成科学领域大模型、生成式模拟与反演、自主智能无人实验及大规模可信科研协作等创新功能，加速重大科学发现、变革性物质合成，以及重大工程技术应用。  相似文献   

论运动看台文化   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

韩丹 《上海体育学院学报》1990,(3)

运动看台文化是一个新课题。在运动赛事过程中,观众形成一个特殊的临时群体,同竞技者发生双向关系,直接影响竞技体育的发展;这个群体有自己特殊的构成方式、心态和行为表现,这些构成一种特定的群体文化。本文对这种文化同运动竞技能力发展的关系、其历史发展过程、三种主要模式的特性以及我国看台文化的发展作了初步的探讨。  相似文献   

绘制船舶碰撞运动轨迹的数学模型探讨     

钱玉林 《上海海事大学学报》1997,(3)

根据船舶碰撞事故调查及事故报告中可获得的环境资料和船舶运动过程资料，对建立适用于绘制船舶碰撞发生前运动轨迹的数学模型作了初步探讨。  相似文献   

大学英语课堂"和谐"教学活动模式     

蔡威 《平原大学学报》2007,24(5):96-98

成功的大学英语教学离不开课堂活动,积极有益的课堂活动是"和谐"的。"和谐"的课堂教学活动有很多模式,其设计要遵循全体学生主动参与、愉悦交际和公平发展的原则。  相似文献   

高校科技成果转化协同创新模式的广东探索与实践     

江海  资智洪 《科技管理研究》2015,(16)

结合国内成果转化的现状,分析高校成果转化工作存在的问题和制约因素,以高校在广东建设的新型科研机构为样本,探索科技成果转化的协同创新模式,实现成果转化链条上创新要素和资源有效衔接和深度融合,总结经验,为推动高校科技成果有效转化提供有益的借鉴。  相似文献   

制度作用下大学科研人员产学合作模式选择的扎根研究     

张慧颖  连晓庆 《科学学与科学技术管理》2015,(3):163-171

通过对大学科研人员的深入访谈,运用扎根理论的研究方法,探索性地构建了对大学科研人员产学合作模式选择产生影响的直接制度和间接制度;研究发现,直接制度在大学科研人员的产学活动中发挥的效应为零,与直接制度相比,间接制度对大学科研人员产学活动的影响更为明显。结果表明政策制定者需要进一步疏通政策的传导机制,强化政策的执行力,进而提高大学科研人员产学合作的积极性。  相似文献   

A multilevel analysis of late entry in Nigeria     

Marcos Delprato  Ricardo Sabates 《International Journal of Research & Method in Education》2015,38(1):83-99

This paper explores how factors operating at the state and community levels are associated with the prevalence of late school enrolment in Nigeria. We investigate the following three research themes. First, whether late entry varies across states and across communities and how much of this variation can be explained by the composition of communities and states. Second, whether community wealth and state wealth are stronger predictors of late entry than household wealth. Third, whether wealth has different effects on the probability of late school entry in different states and in different communities within states. Using the 2010 Nigeria Education Data Survey, and a three-level multilevel logit model, we show that a substantial proportion of the variation in late school entry is explained by community- and state-level factors. We further find that children living in specific communities in Nigeria may face a double disadvantage in terms of on-time school enrolment. In these communities, not only is there a large proportion of children entering school late, but also household wealth has strong effects on the probability that a child is sent to school on on time. These communities could be targeted for educational interventions aimed at promoting on-time school enrolment.  相似文献