体能与体能训练的系统结构分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

田文学  田学礼 《安徽体育科技》2009,30(1):23-26

运用系统论观点对体能与体能训练系统的结构分别从动态和静态的视角进行分析,认为体能系统的框架（静态）结构包括身体素质、身体形态、身体机能和心理智能4个方面的子系统,而体能训练的运行（动态）结构体系主要是基础体能训练、专项体能训练和综合体能训练3个相互联系、相互影响的子系统构成,以期对体能与体能训练的系统结构有新的认识,从而给体能训练的科学化提供些许参考。  相似文献   

近30年我国体育研究方法论的演变与反思   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

黄聚云 《上海体育学院学报》2008,32(4):18-24,31

我国体育研究方法论已经形成了以马克思主义方法论为指导、以系统方法论为纽带、以实证主义方法论为主干、以反实证主义方法论为辅助的多元并存局面。目前这种多元并存局面存在诸多缺陷:各种方法论自身潜力未能充分发挥,一些基本原理未被认识、重要的原则未被落实;且各种方法论之间的组合也不完善。要采取一种多元包容、辩证统合的态度,拓展体育研究方法论的发展空间,加强对体育学知识的反思性研究,强化解释型和批判型知识,积极引介知识社会学的理论与方法。  相似文献   

系统健康观视野下的健身气功理论构建研究     

张峰 《山东体育科技》2008,30(3)

运用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,分别从生理健康与心理健康的角度提出构建健身气功理论的新思路、新观点,目的是为了树立科学的健康观念和宣传科学的健身理论,为广大健身气功锻炼者提供理论指导。  相似文献   

Sports mega-event legacies and adult physical activity: A systematic literature review and research agenda     

Michael J. Annear  Yasuo Shimizu  Tetsuhiro Kidokoro 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(5):671-685

Sports mega-events, such as the Olympic and Paralympic Games, have the potential to inspire increases in population physical activity, yet investigations concerning such legacy outcomes have been inconclusive. This may be due to research design limitations or inconsistent leveraging of potential hosting benefits by event organizers. This systematic review aims to identify current knowledge about the capacity of sports mega-events to inspire increases in physical activity participation among adult populations and develop a research agenda to guide future legacy evaluations. Peer-reviewed, English-language studies published on or after the year 2000 were considered. Six academic databases and grey literature sources were searched, and articles were assessed for methodological quality. Reporting followed PRISMA conventions for systematic reviews. Nine studies were selected after quality evaluation, including previous reviews, quantitative and qualitative research. Most studies found no evidence for long-term physical activity outcomes associated with hosting sports mega-events, although limitations and gaps were identified. These included lack of longitudinal or cohort studies, limited differentiation of subpopulations, use of non-validated instruments, and lack of triangulation for qualitative findings. Only one cohort study from Japan identified sustainable and significant physical activity increases resulting from a previous sports mega-event. Considering theory, the commonly cited Demonstration Effect was reportedly an unreliable framework, although the Festival Effect and Social Ecological Model appear more promising for anticipating and explaining legacy effects. With less than two years until the Tokyo 2020 Olympiad, it is appropriate to commence high-quality legacy research drawing on lessons learned from previous studies.  相似文献   

Influence of physical fitness on cognitive and academic performance in adolescents: A systematic review from 2005–2015     

Alberto Ruiz-Ariza  Alberto Grao-Cruces  Nuno Eduardo Marques de Loureiro  Emilio J. Martínez-López 《International review of sport and exercise psychology》2017,10(1):108-133

Background: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the association of different components of physical fitness on cognitive performance (CP) and academic performance (AP) in adolescents, taking into account potential confounders. Method: Studies were identified in four databases (Pubmed, SportDiscus, Web of Science, and ProQuest) from January 2005 through to January 2015. A total of 21 articles met the inclusion criteria. Results: 8 studies showed association between physical fitness and CP, and 11 studies with AP. Cardiorespiratory fitness, speed-agility, motor coordination, and perceptual-motor skill are the highest measures associated with CP and AP. However, the findings on strength and flexibility are unclear. Finally, 62% of the 21 studies used confounders. The most controlled confounder were socioeconomic status, fatness, pubertal status, sex, and age. Conclusion: Fitness is associated with higher CP and AP. More research is needed in order to understand the causes of the differential effect of physical fitness components on CP and AP.  相似文献   

The representation of ‘Asia’, ‘occupational forces’ and ‘women’ against the backdrop of post‐war Japanese culture: from the system of censorship to the present     

Tetsushi Marukawa 《Inter-Asia Cultural Studies》2013,14(2):274-281

This paper is one of the attempts to show how each East‐Asian regional country’s memory of the war has been related to the post‐war literatures and movies restricted by the structure of the Cold War. In particular, this paper takes up the issue of how the structure of Japanese culture after World War II was heavily influenced by the Cold War. When Japan was under the Occupational Forces, Japanese writers and film directors settling on the subject matter of the war were not free from the strain of the systematic censorship by GHQ. Translating into mechanisms of their works using the body or woman (comfort woman) by squarely facing the facts of the East‐Asian history, this paper reconsiders the body of post‐colonial Japan.  相似文献   

Infusing educational technologies in the heart of the university—A systematic literature review from an organisational perspective     

Bronwen Deacon  Melissa Laufer  Len Ole Schäfer 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2023,54(2):441-466

Educational technologies have experienced unprecedented prominence on university agendas with many institutions motivated to keep the lessons learned from the COVID-19 sparked transition with regard to online teaching. In response to this renewed interest in ensuring the longevity of educational technologies in higher education, this systematic review analysed the various organisational factors—for example, leadership, infrastructure, strategy—considered essential in the literature for the successful implementation of educational technologies. Specifically, we reviewed 1614 papers published in five prominent educational technology journals in the last decade. From this sample, we identified 47 papers that discussed organisational factors. Drawing on these studies, we constructed an organisational framework, which outlines the different organisational factors, actors and processes involved in implementing educational technologies. The identified organisational factors are structured into three main categories: (1) Leadership and Strategy, (2) Infrastructure and Resources and (3) Recognition and Motivation. Our aim was to further the scholarly understanding of the organisational layer involved in digital change as well as provide concrete recommendations for practitioners.

Practitioner notes

What is already known about this topic

• Previous research has stressed the importance of taking organisational factors such as infrastructure, leadership, strategy and staff commitment into account when implementing educational technologies.
• However, review papers have failed to systematically organise these studies to create a comprehensive understanding of the organisational factors involved in implementing educational technologies and ensuring their longevity at an institution.
• There is currently a high level of interest in how educational technologies can be implemented in the higher education landscape, as many institutions are facing the question of what lessons they can learn from the crisis and how they can continue on their path of digitalisation.

What this paper adds

• This review paper addresses a gap in our scholarly understanding of the organisational layers involved in the implementation of educational technologies in higher education institutions (HEIs).
• This paper provides a framework on organisational factors, which influence the implementation of educational technologies in HEIs.
• This review paper demonstrates that bottom-up and opinion leadership, support structures tailored to the need and time of faculty as well as recognition and incentives have the largest impact on a sustainable implementation of educational technologies in HEIs.

Implications for practice and/or policy

• Universities should create structures that enable innovation and creativity by promoting bottom-up and opinion leadership as well as shared decision-making processes as they are important for the successful implementation of educational technologies in HEIs.
• Besides providing a reliable and suitable infrastructure, institutional support and resources in terms of technical advice and training tailored to specific needs, should be in place when planning the implementation of educational technologies in HEIs.
• The additional workload instructors face when implementing digital teaching should be recognised and incentivised as it strengthens instructor engagement which is crucial for the implementation of educational technologies in HEIs.

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智能制造研究述评     

吴小节  马美婷  汪秀琼 《研究与发展管理》2023,35(6):32-45

基于1990—2022年Web of Science和CSSCI文献库的样本文献，结合文献计量法和系统性文献回顾法，对智能制造的研究现状进行梳理与总结，识别出研究不足并提出未来的研究方向。研究发现：智能制造现有研究包括七大知识模块：概念内涵、核心系统、测量方式、情境、理论视角、前因与后果因素和发展路径，它们共同构成了“What—Why—How”（2W1H）知识框架。What维度（概念内涵与外延）包括智能制造的概念内涵、功能和支持两大核心系统以及对智能制造水平的测量方式；Why维度（前因后果与作用机制）包括技术革命和商业文明时代两大情境，赶超战略、微笑曲线理论、行动者网络和价值共创四大理论视角，技术、组织和环境层面的前因因素，以及国家、产业和企业层面的后果；How维度（发展路径）包括技术和创新追赶、价值链攀升与集成、行动者网络和价值共创四种发展路径。综合现有研究不足、研究热点与研究前沿，对2W1H三个关键问题提出具体的研究议题方向。结合文献计量法和系统性文献回顾法，更加科学客观地提出了智能制造整体知识框架以及未来研究方向。  相似文献   

Classification of all pharmacological interventions tested in trials relevant to people with schizophrenia: A study-based analysis     

Farhad Shokraneh  Clive E. Adams 《Health information and libraries journal》2023,40(2):201-216

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College and university libraries and user responses to COVID-19 health information needs     

Maria J. Grant FCLIP  PhD 《Health information and libraries journal》2023,40(3):231-232

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