论“公民身份”认同的危机与教育对策     

方渊  魏登尖 《湖北第二师范学院学报》2012,(4):85-87

"公民身份"认同是超越民族、国家认同的一种更具价值的情感体验。由于受我国历史传统因素的影响,加上目前全球性问题突显,各国公民的身份认同问题正遭遇前所未有的危机。在我国朝向现代民主社会发展的进程中,应把培养现代公民作为一切教育的重要目标,同时把公民身份的认同从初级身份认同上升为政治性集体认同,加强公民权利意识的培养,成为我国公民教育的重要任务。  相似文献   

基于规则的汉语述宾动词短语自动识别     

张惠春 《晋城职业技术学院学报》2012,5(2):74-75

汉语句法分析在自然语言处理中已经得到广泛的研究,而动词短语是句法分析中的重要内容,所以对动词短语的识别是非常必要的。本文首先定义了述宾动词短语,利用规则对述宾动词短语进行了自动识别实验,实验结果达到了较高的精确率,表明规则是可靠的。  相似文献   

A systemic functional linguistics approach to implicit entity recognition in tweets     

《Information processing & management》2022,59(4):102957

The identification of knowledge graph entity mentions in textual content has already attracted much attention. The major assumption of existing work is that entities are explicitly mentioned in text and would only need to be disambiguated and linked. However, this assumption does not necessarily hold for social content where a significant portion of information is implied. The focus of our work in this paper is to identify whether textual social content include implicit mentions of knowledge graph entities or not, hence forming a two-class classification problem. To this end, we adopt the systemic functional linguistic framework that allows for capturing meaning expressed through language. Based on this theoretical framework we systematically introduce two classes of features, namely syntagmatic and paradigmatic features, for implicit entity recognition. In our experiments, we show the utility of these features for the task, report on ablation studies, measure the impact of each feature subset on each other and also provide a detailed error analysis of our technique.  相似文献   

Library on-shelf book segmentation and recognition based on deep visual features     

《Information processing & management》2022,59(6):103101

On-shelf book segmentation and recognition are crucial steps in library inventory management and daily operation. In this paper, a detailed investigation of related work is conducted. RFID and barcode-based solutions suffer from expensive hardware facilities and long-term maintenance. Digital Image processing and OCR techniques are flawed due to a lack of accuracy and robustness. On this basis, we propose a visual and non-character system utilizing deep learning methods to accomplish on-shelf book segmentation and recognition tasks. Firstly, book spine masks are extracted from the image of on-shelf books by instance segmentation model, followed by affine transformation to rectangle images. Secondly, a spine feature encoder is trained to learn the deep visual features of spine images. Finally, the book inventory search space is constructed and the similarity metric between spine visual representations is calculated to recognize the target book identity. To train the models we collect high-resolution datasets of 10k-level and develop a data annotation software accordingly. For validation, we design simulated scenarios of recognizing 3.6k IDs from 5.6k book spines and achieve a best top1 accuracy of 99.18% and top5 accuracy of 99.91%. Furthermore, we develop a prototype of a mobile library management robot with embedded edge intelligence. It can automatically perform on-shelf book image capturing, spine segmentation and recognition, and target book grasping workflow.  相似文献   

水下机器人应用及展望          下载免费PDF全文

李硕  吴园涛  李琛  赵宏宇  李一平 《中国科学院院刊》2022,37(7):910-920

水下机器人是人类探索海洋、认识海洋的先进技术手段之一,是我国建设海洋强国的重要装备支撑。文章介绍了国内外水下机器人的发展现状,重点阐述以中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所为代表研制的我国谱系化水下机器人在深海资源勘查和科学研究、深渊科考、南极和北极调查中的最新应用成果。结合当前水下机器人研究基础,展望未来水下机器人的发展和应用方向。通过研发适应极端海洋环境的深远海科考装备,实现从航次型科考模式向深海长期驻留型科考模式的技术跨越,实现从有人科考向无人化科考模式的革命性转变。  相似文献   

基于深度学习与需求规则融合的学术文献“目标数据”抽取模型构建与应用——以南海数字资源为例          下载免费PDF全文

彭玉芳  陈将浩 《情报科学》2022,39(1):141-147

【目的/意义】从海量的学术文献内容中,抽取科研人员所需要的目标数据,一方面有助于提高研究者的科 研效率,另一方面有利于改善目前文献数据库的检索服务。【方法/过程】根据科研人员的学术需求,首先通过深度 学习方法从大量的学术文献中抽取目标数据。其次使用NER和TF-IDF抽取目标数据的“5W”规则,接着对目标 数据做第二层需求规则过滤,凡是满足“5W”规则的数据,被鉴定为目标数据。最后对目标数据做第三层人工校 验,最终生成学术文献“目标数据”。【结果/结论】本文构建的学术文献“目标数据”抽取模型的准确率可达0.88,再融 合“5W”规则的过滤和最后的人工校验,不仅有利于提高科研工作者的学术文献查准率,而且一定程度上辅助文献 数据库机构的检索工作。【创新/局限】深度学习与需求规则融合,实现学术文献的检索结果从学术文献的题录信息 层面到进入学术文献内容的数据层面。  相似文献   

新能源汽车的构想     

涂小红 《大观周刊》2012,(14):98-99

电动汽车因蓄电池的充电速度慢,功率密度低,使其发展和推广受到了很大限制。太阳能汽年因价格昂贵受天气圜京的制约大,维修费用高、利用率低,也难以推广．在性能良好的超级电容电池问世之后,从系统的角度考虑,超级电容电池电动）气车会有广阔的应用前繁．  相似文献   

Social justice implications of South African school assessment practices     

《Africa Education Review》2013,10(2):302-317

Abstract

Central to the pursuit of education and its functions like assessment, is social justice. Given the (still) existing inequalities brought about by years of neglect, it is clear that the building of a just society is indeed fraught with challenges. This article explores the extent to which all learners in South Africa are afforded fair treatment and an impartial share of what the education system through assessment practices can offer them. In attempting to illuminate this issue, we will start by providing a brief overview of assessment policy initiatives and the current assessment system in South Africa. This will be followed by a conceptual analysis of assessment practices and their social justice implications for learners by using Cribb and Gerwitz's (2003) key dimensions of social justice, namely the distribution of educational resources, recognition and respect for cultural differences and participation. Through this analysis we conclude that, while acknowledging the massive impact of family/community circumstances and poor educational provision, unfair assessment practices as discussed remain an important dimension of the degradation of social justice in the South African education system. Many learners, despite efforts to ensure more just assessment practices, are still marginalised and do not reap the benefits that can support them in developing their full potential.  相似文献   

Digital Discovery and Architectural Interface Design: Prototyping Architectural-Scale Interfaces for Discovery Across Digital and Tangible Collections     

Marie S. A. Sorensen 《图书馆管理杂志》2013,53(7):698-727

Abstract

How do researchers search for knowledge? What are their behaviors and habits, and what technologies do they use? This article proposes that three design shifts – involving more human senses, enabling comparative and simultaneous viewing, and allowing immediate access to full content – will create a more fruitful research process for scholars who conduct a literature review, learn about a new topic in a related discipline, or catch up on advances in their field. The three proposed designed shifts were tested with prototyping. The systematic prototyping procedure is a method that can be employed by others to advance this field.  相似文献   

自闭症儿童面孔认知加工的研究进展     

张越  王长平  庞文婷 《四川教育学院学报》2013,(2):8-12

面孔识别是视知觉加工的一项重要研究领域,也是一种重要的心理能力和社交技巧。自闭症儿童在识别他人面部表情时具有一定困难,影响了他们的社会交往。首先对自闭症视知觉研究进行了简要介绍,在此基础上对新近自闭症儿童面孔识别的实证研究进行了梳理,最后通过与正常控制组儿童的对比,分类综述了自闭症儿童面孔加工的典型特点,并针对自闭症儿童面孔认知加工与其症状关系中尚存的问题进行了思考。  相似文献