复方中草药对AA肉鸡肌肉抗氧化能力的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙启  靳二辉  周先建  李升和  周金星  金光明 《安徽科技学院学报》2017,31(1)

目的:研究复方中草药对肉鸡肌肉抗氧化能力的影响。方法:选用健康1日龄AA肉鸡400羽,随机分为对照组和试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组,每组100羽。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中添加0.5%、1.0%和1.5%的复方中草药,试验期42 d。结果:21日龄时,与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组肉鸡胸肌和腿肌SOD和T-AOC活性及GSH-PX含量不同程度升高,MDA含量不同程度降低,其中试验Ⅱ组胸肌T-AOC活性和GSH-PX含量显著升高,胸肌MDA含量显著降低(P0.05);试验Ⅰ和Ⅲ组胸肌SOD活性和试验Ⅲ组腿肌SOD活性和GSH-PX含量也显著升高(P0.05);而各试验组腿肌MDA含量均显著降低(P0.05)。42日龄时,与对照组相比,各试验组胸肌MDA含量均显著降低(P0.05),而试验Ⅱ组胸肌GSH-PX含量显著升高(P0.05),且各试验组腿肌T-AOC活性也均有不同程度的提高。结论:添加不同剂量的复方中草药可不同程度提高肉鸡胸肌和腿肌抗氧化酶活性,降低MDA含量,其中以添加1.0%的复方中草药提高胸肌抗氧化能力效果最好,而添加1.5%的复方中草药提高腿肌抗氧化能力效果较好。  相似文献   

Are muscle activation patterns altered during shod and barefoot running with a forefoot footfall pattern?     

Ulysses Fernandes Ervilha  Luis Mochizuki  Aylton Figueira Jr.  Joseph Hamill 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(17):1697-1703

This study aimed to investigate the activation of lower limb muscles during barefoot and shod running with forefoot or rearfoot footfall patterns. Nine habitually shod runners were asked to run straight for 20 m at self-selected speed. Ground reaction forces and thigh and shank muscle surface electromyographic (EMG) were recorded. EMG outcomes (EMG intensity [iEMG], latency between muscle activation and ground reaction force, latency between muscle pairs and co-activation index between muscle pairs) were compared across condition (shod and barefoot), running cycle epochs (pre-strike, strike, propulsion) and footfall (rearfoot and forefoot) by ANOVA. Condition affected iEMG at pre-strike epoch. Forefoot and rearfoot strike patterns induced different EMG activation time patterns affecting co-activation index for pairs of thigh and shank muscles. All these timing changes suggest that wearing shoes or not is less important for muscle activation than the way runners strike the foot on the ground. In conclusion, the guidance for changing external forces applied on lower limbs should be pointed to the question of rearfoot or forefoot footfall patterns.  相似文献   

优秀棒球投手的等速肌力与投球运动学参数间关联研究     

孙逊  罗炯  张庭然  秦春莉  宋吉祥 《成都体育学院学报》2016,(2):82-87

目的：：探讨棒球投手运动学与等速肌力参数间关联关系，并比较不同类型投手各类参数的差异性。方法：采用德国ISOMED2000等速肌力测试系统及三台高速摄像机获取相关参数。结果：( a)肩关节外、内旋峰力矩及屈、伸峰力矩两个比值高度相关，两者均与挥肘速度、棒球出手及触垒速度高度正相关；( b)与“非衡型”棒球投手相比，“均衡型”投手在许多关键参数上存有显著差异，表现为投球动作总时间、提膝时间、伸踏时间及动作加速时间显著变短；肘关节屈伸幅度、棒球出手等及触垒速度则显著增大；( c)挥肘速度与肩关节最大外展角存有显著正相关，而与投球动作总时间呈负相关；动作加速时间与肩关节最大外展角成负相关，却与躯干扭转角成正相关；( d)棒球出手及触垒速度均与肩关节最大外展角等呈显著正相关。结论：目前我国大学生优秀棒球投手与国外同级别投手相比，在众多运动学测试指标上存有显著差距，而投掷臂肌力发展不均衡是问题的关键所在。  相似文献   

Exercise-induced muscle damage: What is it,what causes it and what are the nutritional solutions?     

Daniel J. Owens  Craig Twist  James N. Cobley  Glyn Howatson 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(1):71-85

Abstract

Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) is characterized by symptoms that present both immediately and for up to 14 days after the initial exercise bout. The main consequence of EIMD for the athlete is the loss of skeletal muscle function and soreness. As such, numerous nutrients and functional foods have been examined for their potential to ameliorate the effects of EIMD and accelerate recovery, which is the purpose of many nutritional strategies for the athlete. However, the trade-off between recovery and adaptation is rarely considered. For example, many nutritional interventions described in this review target oxidative stress and inflammation, both thought to contribute to EIMD but are also crucial for the recovery and adaptation process. This calls into question whether long term administration of supplements and functional foods used to target EIMD is indeed best practice. This rapidly growing area of sports nutrition will benefit from careful consideration of the potential hormetic effect of long term use of nutritional aids that ameliorate muscle damage. This review provides a concise overview of what EIMD is, its causes and consequences and critically evaluates potential nutritional strategies to ameliorate EIMD. We present a pragmatic practical summary that can be adopted by practitioners and direct future research, with the purpose of pushing the field to better consider the fine balance between recovery and adaptation and the potential that nutritional interventions have in modulating this balance.  相似文献   

交变负荷力量训练对肌肉力量及身体形态影响的实验研究     

王兴泽  危小焰 《四川体育科学》2006,(1):40-43

采用交变负荷力量训练系统,对实验对象进行交变负荷力量训练,通过和传统杠铃下肢力量训练相比较,发现交变负荷力量训练能够在短时间内有效地提高肌肉的最大力量,同时实验对象身体形态指标正常(体重稍有下降、体脂趋于优化)。  相似文献   

Gender Differences in Strength     

Vivian H. Heyward  Sandra M. Johannes-Ellis  Jacki F. Romer 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):154-159

The purpose of this study was to examine gender differences in upper and lower body strength as a function of lean body weight and the distribution of muscle and subcutaneous fat in the upper and lower limbs. The subjects were 103 physically active men (n = 48) and women (n = 55). The peak torques produced during shoulder flexion (SF) and knee extension (KE) were used as measures of upper body and lower body strength, respectively. Flexed arm girth, thigh girth, triceps skinfold, and thigh skinfold were used to estimate the distribution of muscle and subcutaneous fat in the limbs. Results of the MANOVA revealed that the overall strength of men was significantly greater than that of women. Results of MANCOVA indicated that the SF and KE strength of women and men did not differ significantly when differences in lean body weight, arm girth, thigh girth, triceps skinfold and thigh skinfold were statistically controlled. High levels of SF and KE strength were associated with a high lean body weight and a large arm girth. Results of the multiple regression analysis indicated that for men a substantial portion of the variance in both SF and KE strength was explained by lean body weight alone; whereas strength variations in women were explained more adequately by including limb variables along with lean body weight. Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that gender differences in upper and lower body strength are a function of differences in lean body weight and the distribution of muscle and subcutaneous fat in the body segments. Upper body strength is relatively more important than lower body strength in characterizing the gender difference in strength.  相似文献   

动物肌肉生长的生物学规律     

许雪萍  王磊  姜锦鹏 《安徽科技学院学报》2010,24(6):4-10

动物肌肉的生长是一长期的过程,且受到多种因素的调节。本文从细胞生物学和分子生物学两方面对其生长的一般生物学规律进行了综述。  相似文献   

大鼠不同负荷游泳运动后骨骼肌损伤与血浆CK及其同工酶活性水平变化   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

崔玉鹏  杨则宜  周丽丽  高红  许葆华 《首都体育学院学报》2004,16(1):83-85

雄性SD大鼠分别进行25分钟、50分钟和力竭三个负荷的游泳运动,运动后取血样和比目鱼肌检测大鼠运动后血浆CK及其同工酶活性水平变化以及骨骼肌Z线异常率;结果发现,大鼠游泳运动后即刻血浆CK及其同工酶CK-MM%活性水平变化与比目鱼肌Z线异常率之间的线性相关系数分别是r=0.875(P<0.01)和r=0.47(P<0.01);这表明,大鼠游泳运动后骨骼肌的损伤状况与血浆CK及其同工酶CK-MM%的变化表现出明显的线性相关的变化趋势。  相似文献   

电刺激技术的理论与实践   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李建设  潘慧炬  吴忠贯 《中国体育科技》1997,(Z2)

本文运用实验物理学和理论物理学的原理与方法，旨在研究电刺激发展肌肉力量的物理基础。研制的NMES－168型力量训练仪在结构和功能上更适合运动训练，达到“同类研究先进水平”。  相似文献   

大豆黄酮对大鼠肌肉生长、内分泌水平的影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

朱晓梅  刘兆斌  缪爱琴  严政 《体育与科学》2004,25(6):62-64

目的 :本文主要研究大豆黄酮对雄性大鼠肌肉生长、内分泌水平的影响。方法 :大豆黄酮溶解于花生油中 ,将大鼠随机分为三组 ,分别灌服大豆黄酮 5 0mg/kg、大豆黄酮 10 0mg/kg、花生油。四周后对大鼠眼窝静脉丛采血 ,颈椎脱臼处死。离心分离血清测定睾酮、生长激素含量 ;腓肠肌称重、腓肠肌纤维及脂肪细胞测定。结果表明 :与对照组相比 ,5 0mg/kg大豆黄酮组睾酮提高 2 3 .89% (p <0 .0 5 )、生长激素提高 15 .0 7% (p <0 .0 5 )。 10 0mg/kg大豆黄酮组睾酮含量下降5 1.2 5 % (p <0 .0 1) ,生长激素下降 13 .3 8% (p <0 .0 5 )。腓肠肌体重比 5 0mg/kg大豆黄酮组与对照组相比有显组性意义 ,10 0mg/kg大豆黄酮组无显著性意义。 5 0mg/kg大豆黄酮组腓肠肌肌纤维直径大小提高 14 .49% (p <0 .0 5 ) ,肌密度上升 1.2 1% (p >0 .0 5 )脂肪细胞直径大小下降 8.78% (p >0 .0 5 ) ,脂肪细胞密度上升 5 .45 % (p >0 .0 5 )。 10 0mg/kg大豆黄酮组与对照组大鼠相比 ,肌纤维直径大小下降 10 .74% (p >0 .0 5 ) ,肌密度上升 2 .43 % (p >0 .0 5 ) ,脂肪细胞直径大小下降 4.88% (p >0 .0 5 ) ,脂肪细胞密度上升 3 .64 % (p >0 .0 5 )。结论 :大豆黄酮对大鼠肌肉生长和内分泌变化具有调节作用 ,但此调节作用与使用的剂量  相似文献