Effects of interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise on body composition,glycaemic and lipid profile and aerobic capacity of obese rats     

Irene Coll-Risco  Virginia A. Aparicio  Elena Nebot  Daniel Camiletti-Moirón  Rosario Martínez  Garyfallia Kapravelou 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(15):1452-1460

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise in the same training session on body composition, and glycaemic and lipid profile in obese rats. Sixteen lean Zucker rats and sixteen obese Zucker rats were randomly divided into exercise and sedentary subgroups (4 groups, n = 8). Exercise consisted of interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise in the same training session. The animals trained 60 min/day, 5 days/week for 8 weeks. Body composition, lipid and glycaemic profiles and inflammatory markers were assessed.

Results showed that fat mass was reduced in both lean and obese rats following the exercise training (effect size (95% confidence interval (CI)) = 1.8 (0.5–3.0)). Plasma low-density lipoprotein–cholesterol and fasting glucose were lower in the exercise compared to the sedentary groups (d = 2.0 (0.7–3.2) and 1.8 (0.5–3.0), respectively). Plasma insulin was reduced in exercise compared to sedentary groups (d = 2.1 (0.8–3.4)). Some exercise × phenotype interactions showed that the highest decreases in insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, fasting and postprandial glucose were observed in the obese + exercise group (all, P < 0.01). The findings of this study suggest that interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise would improve body composition, and lipid and glycaemic profiles, especially in obese rats.  相似文献   

Dribbling determinants in sub-elite youth soccer players     

Matteo Zago  Andrea Gianluca Piovan  Isabella Annoni  Daniela Ciprandi  F. Marcello Iaia 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(5):411-419

Dribbling speed in soccer is considered critical to the outcome of the game and can assist in the talent identification process. However, little is known about the biomechanics of this skill. By means of a motion capture system, we aimed to quantitatively investigate the determinants of effective dribbling skill in a group of 10 Under-13 sub-elite players, divided by the median-split technique according to their dribbling test time (faster and slower groups). Foot-ball contacts cadence, centre of mass (CoM), ranges of motion (RoM), velocity and acceleration, as well as stride length, cadence and variability were computed. Hip and knee joint RoMs were also considered. Faster players, as compared to slower players, showed a 30% higher foot-ball cadence (3.0 ± 0.1 vs. 2.3 ± 0.2 contacts · s^?1, P < 0.01); reduced CoM mediolateral (0.91 ± 0.05 vs. 1.14 ± 0.16 m, P < 0.05) and vertical (0.19 ± 0.01 vs. 0.25 ± 0.03 m, P < 0.05) RoMs; higher right stride cadence (+20%, P < 0.05) with lower variability (P < 0.05); reduced hip and knee flexion RoMs (P < 0.05). In conclusion, faster players are able to run with the ball through a shorter path in a more economical way. To effectively develop dribbling skill, coaches are encouraged to design specific practices where high stride frequency and narrow run trajectories are required.  相似文献   

Effects of high-intensity interval training on cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight/obese women     

Abbie E. Smith-Ryan  Eric T. Trexler  Hailee L. Wingfield  Malia N.M. Blue 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(21):2038-2046

The purpose of this study was to evaluate two practical interval training protocols on cardiorespiratory fitness, lipids and body composition in overweight/obese women. Thirty women (mean ± SD; weight: 88.1 ± 15.9 kg; BMI: 32.0 ± 6.0 kg · m²) were randomly assigned to ten 1-min high-intensity intervals (90%VO₂ peak, 1 min recovery) or five 2-min high-intensity intervals (80–100% VO₂ peak, 1 min recovery) or control. Peak oxygen uptake (VO₂ peak), peak power output (PPO), body composition and fasting blood lipids were evaluated before and after 3 weeks of training, completed 3 days per week. Results from ANCOVA analyses demonstrated no significant training group differences for any primary variables (P > 0.05). When training groups were collapsed, 1MIN and 2MIN resulted in a significant increase in PPO (?18.9 ± 8.5 watts; P = 0.014) and time to exhaustion (?55.1 ± 16.4 s; P = 0.001); non-significant increase in VO₂ peak (?2.36 ± 1.34 ml · kg^?1 · min^?1; P = 0.185); and a significant decrease in fat mass (FM) (??1.96 ± 0.99 kg; P = 0.011). Short-term interval exercise training may be effective for decreasing FM and improving exercise tolerance in overweight and obese women.  相似文献   

八段锦竞赛功法对大学生机体自由基代谢和身体形态影响的研究     

李秋平  刘毅  彭婵  陈阳阳  任建立 《湖北体育科技》2016,(5)

目的:探索健身气功·八段锦(竞赛功法)对大学生机体自由基代谢和身体形态的影响。方法:主要采用实验法,随机抽取2014级康保系男生和女生各20人,持续进行4个月的功法习练,观察血脂和生理机能的变化。结果:大学生经过4个月的功法习练后,3个时间点测试SOD、CAT和大腿围指标呈上升趋势,MDA、XOD和腰臀比指标呈下降趋势,差异具有统计学意义;测试体重、体重指数和大臂围3项指标没有显著性差异。结论:健身气功·八段锦(竞赛功法)对大学生机体脏腑、固肾壮腰、提振精神、防治疲劳、改善血液循环、提高腰腹柔韧和腿部力量等方面有重要帮助。  相似文献   

冬泳运动对中老年人身体成分的影响分析     

姜燕  武俸羽 《辽宁体育科技》2016,(1):75-77

对齐齐哈尔市冬泳协会的116名冬泳爱好者进行身体成分测试。结果显示：长期进行冬泳运动,可以改善中老年人的身体成分,降低体脂百分比和肥胖发生率,提高身体素质,对预防心血管疾病及老年性骨质疏松具有积极意义。  相似文献   

浅谈女子竞技健美操力量训练方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

徐胜 《广东技术师范学院学报》2004,(6):108-110

竞技健美操对力量素质的要求越来越高 ,它已成为决定运动成绩的主要因素之一 ,本文就女子竞技健美操运动员在力量训练中手段的选择以及上肢力量、下肢力量、腰腹力量训练的方法和注意事项进行了论述 .  相似文献   

积极心理学运动及对我国新农村建设的启示   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王凤  李亚晓 《黑龙江教育学院学报》2008,27(8):7-8

积极心理学是上世纪末兴起的一场心理学运动,积极心理学关注于人所具有的种种美德、积极品质、积极能力和积极潜力等人性中的积极方面,致力于使生活更加富有意义。不管是在发展理念层面,还是在具体的发展战略实施层面,积极心理学的这些主张都对我国今天新农村的建设具有很大的启示意义。  相似文献   

学校经营的主体     

周游 《复旦教育论坛》2003,1(5):22-25

学校是人才产品的基地，要顺利实现人才产品的生产经营，我们应该关注学校经营的主体，特别是学校经营的产权主体、经营主体、服务主体、消费主体、利益主体等，对其深入研究，明确认识，把握本质，这将有利于我国教育市场的开放和学校教育的健康发展。  相似文献   

小康社会·政治文明·扩大就业     

石朝江 《贵阳学院学报(社会科学版)》2003,(4)

小康社会,政治文明,扩大就业,这是十六大报告的三个突出亮点。全面建设小康必须有政治文明作保障,必须实现社会的充分就业。  相似文献   

以党的十七大精神为指导构建和谐校园,促进教育学院事业和谐发展     

宋保忠  铁虎 《四川教育学院学报》2007,23(12):18-21

和谐校园建设具有非常重要的意义,可以为社会主义和谐社会建设提供良好的文化氛围,引领并推动社会文明的发展,有利于增强校园创造活力,为社会主义和谐社会建设提供强大的人才支撑。所以,应当坚持以人为本、共建共享、全方位的原则构建和谐校园,具体来说就是要树立以人为本的理念,建立强有力的领导机制,创设公平、公正的制度环境,建立民主管理体系,营造轻松、愉快的民主氛围,构建和谐的校内外关系,建设和谐健康的文化环境,促进和谐校园建设。  相似文献