对网球运动员压力训练的研究     

白俊伟 《吉林体育学院学报》2009,25(2):59-60

网球比赛使运动员产生巨大的压力,处理不当则会使运动员功亏一篑。进行网球压力训练的作用研究,可使运动员在日常训练中重视压力训练,挖掘驾驭比赛压力的最大潜能,使他们更好地应付比赛及应对比赛中不断变化的形势,并且使他们的心理、技术、战术及身体方面对抗压力的能力更加强大,经验更加丰富,从而增加运动员取胜的系数。  相似文献   

思政教育视角下传统优秀文化的运用及改进     

陈孝柱  韩剑尘 《北京城市学院学报》2021,(2):72-77

在高校思政教育中融入传统文化相关内容不仅是符合时代发展潮流的有效做法,对于我国高校学生成长发展具有重要意义。思政教育视角下对于传统优秀文化的审视可以进一步发掘我国优秀传统文化的思政教育价值,对于我国高校思政教育质量提升以及思政教师队伍建设工作也具有关键作用。但是在实际的高校思政教育工作开展过程中,部分高校在教育环境、教学资源、教学方式等方面都存在一定的欠缺,需要高校领导和教师不断提升对于思政教育视角下中华传统文化教育工作的重视程度,加强校园文化建设,为高校思政教育工作营造良好的环境,不断改进教学方式,促进高校思政教育工作实效性的提升以及高校大学生的全面发展。  相似文献   

中国优秀运动员运动损伤的项群现象探究——以体能主导类项目为例     

梁飞  王松涛 《武汉体育学院学报》2018,52(10):74-78

运用问卷调查、访谈和查阅医疗档案等方法对参加第十三届全国运动会体能主导类项目的232名运动员的运动损伤情况进行了分析研究。依据体能主导类项目的力量、速度和耐力3个项群分类,分别给出了各个身体部位运动损伤的发生率及其排序,并对不同项群之间身体部位损伤发生的情况进行了相关分析。结果表明：力量性、速度性和耐力性3个项群内部各自运动项目的运动损伤部位、损伤次数和发生率的排序均具有相似的规律,各个身体部位损伤的分布在同一项群内部的不同项目间均具有显著的相关性。项群间运动项目的损伤部位分布规律存在较大差异。得出以下结论：运动损伤具有"项群现象",运动损伤可进行项群划分,便于运动训练管理及优化后勤保障从而保证运动训练的系统性和运动成绩的提高。  相似文献   

我国“教练员—运动员关系”结构演化及其再造策略     

解欣 《武汉体育学院学报》2018,52(6):90

在社会学分析范式下,以本土社会体制结构的变迁为切入点,梳理我国"教练员-运动员关系"结构形成及发展变迁的历程。把握"教练员-运动员关系"结构特征演化规律,探解在市场经济体制发展过程中遭遇的困境,提出对"教练员-运动员关系"结构再造的理念与策略。研究认为,我国"教练员-运动员关系"结构的形成是源于传统社会家族伦理观念对人际关系普遍的道德约束,同时也继承了传统社会师徒关系的"身份等级"特征。进入市场经济体制后,尤其在我国体育职业化改革的实践过程中"教练员-运动员关系"结构的演化虽不是自发形成的,却在经历着一场从"身份"向"契约"的进程。同时也正在遭遇本土社会文化与制度所带来的发展困境。然而,这样的困境却可以通过对契约关系结构中弱势群体的身份化进行弥补,是基于对"身份"特征中道德认同意义上考虑形成的"契约式身份"。  相似文献   

不同级别优秀散打运动员鞭腿技术动作特征及其对击打速度的影响     

苏健蛟  张颖慧  马世坤 《武汉体育学院学报》2018,52(1):87-94

为探求优秀散打运动员的体重差异与鞭腿技术动作特征是否对击打速度产生影响。方法：运用VICON Nexus 3D运动捕捉系统,对小、中、大三个级别15名运动员运用鞭腿技术动作快速击打目标物时的运动轨迹进行采集。依据鞭打动作特点和下肢关节运动特征,将技术动作划分为四个时刻、三个时段,并对四个时刻下肢关节的角度以及三个时段的动作位移、时间、速度、角速度等运用VICON Polygon分析软件进行计算。结果表明：启动时段（P1）小级别运动员的躯干和支撑腿各关节运动幅度呈"上大下小"状态,大级别运动员呈"上小下大"状态;三个级别运动员作用腿下肢关节的运动方向相同,运动幅度却出现差异,小级别运动员启动时段的动作速度相对较快。击打时段（P2）三个级别运动员支撑腿的髋、踝关节回旋运动方向出现差异;作用腿下肢关节运动方向相同,中级别运动员膝关节屈曲角度相对较大、转动半径相对较小,击打时段的动作速度也相对较快。回收阶段（P3）三个级别运动员支撑腿髋关节屈伸、回旋运动方向出现差异;作用腿下肢关节运动方向相同,小级别运动员作用腿下肢关节转动半径相对较小,回收时段的动作速度也相对较快。不同级别运动员鞭腿技术动作特征对击打速度存在显著性差异,相同级别散打运动员减轻体重、改善下肢关节的运动方向和运动幅度,才是提高击打速度的重要途径。  相似文献   

体育知识产权若干热点问题研讨会综述     

林小爱  刘丹 《武汉体育学院学报》2018,52(2):26

为回应体育知识产权的热点问题,中国知识产权法学研究会体育知识产权专业委员会、中国法学会体育法学研究会联合主办体育知识产权若干热点问题研讨会,围绕体育赛事转播中的知识产权保护、体育领域热点问题的国际视点、体育赛事节目的深度链接及GIF动图的版权问题等三个专题展开讨论,研讨会的核心问题是体育赛事节目是否是作品,是否可以受到我国《著作权法》保护。  相似文献   

Energy expenditure in professional flat jockeys using doubly labelled water during the racing season: Implications for body weight management     

George Wilson  Daloni Lucas  Catherine Hambly  John R. Speakman  James P. Morton 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(2):235-242

To formulate individualized dietary strategies for jockeys, it is vital that energy requirements are quantified. We measured total energy expenditure (TEE) over two separate weeks in spring and summer using doubly labelled water in a group of male flat jockeys (n?=?8, 36.9?±?5.7 years, 164?±?8?cm, 54.6?±?2.5?kg). Total energy intake (TEI) was self-recorded, as were all riding and structured exercise activity. Mean daily TEE was 10.83 (±2.3) and 10.66 (±1.76) MJ, (p?=?.61) respectively. Self-reported TEI were 6.03 (±1.7) and 5.37 (±1.1) MJ (p?=?.40), respectively, and were significantly lower than TEE (p?=?.01). Mean race rides were 17 (±6) and 13 (±3; p?=?0.37) and horses ridden at morning exercise were 8 (±6) and 7 (±4; p?=?.77) respectively. Additional structured exercise was 76.25 (±95.1) and 52.5 (±80.9) min per week (p?=?.35), respectively. At the individual level, TEE was related to body mass and the level of non-racing physical activity, but not riding. Physical activity levels for TEE were 1.76 (±0.37) and 1.69 (±0.27; p?=?.59) and appear modest when compared with other athletes, and similar to age-matched non-athletes, suggesting that conventional sport-specific nutritional recommendations do not appear applicable. The large discrepancy between TEE and TEI suggests significant under reporting of dietary intake. These data now provide an appropriate framework from which to formulate jockey nutritional guidelines to promote the ability to achieve the daily weight target and improve athlete welfare.  相似文献   

Physiological and anthropometric characteristics of top-level youth cross-country cyclists     

Alessandro Fornasiero  Aldo Savoldelli  Roberto Modena  Gennaro Boccia  Barbara Pellegrini  Federico Schena 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(8):901-906

In the literature there is a lack of data about the development of top level athletes in cross-country mountain biking (XCO). The purpose of this study was to analyze anthropometric and physiological characteristics of some of the best XCO bikers aged between 13 and 16. The study involved 45 bikers (26 males and 19 females) belonging to a youth national team. The evaluations, consisting of anthropometric measures, incremental cycling tests (VO_2max, PPO, P@RCP), and 30 s Wingate Tests (PMax, PMean), were conducted over a lapse of 4 years. Our findings showed in bikers, already at young age, a specific athletic profile advantageous for XCO performance. At the age of 16, just before entering the junior category and competing at international level, male and female bikers showed physiological values normalized to the body mass comparable to those reported in literature for high level athletes (VO_2max>70 and >60 ml/kg/min, PPO >6.5 and >5.5 W/kg, respectively in males and females). The production of high power-to-weight ratios and high peaks of anaerobic power attests the presence of highly developed aerobic and anaerobic systems in young XCO cyclists reflecting the high physiological demand of this sport.  相似文献   

Coach ratings of skills and their relations to practice,play and successful transitions from youth-elite to adult-professional status in soccer     

David T Hendry  A. Mark Williams 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(17):2009-2017

Elite soccer players (~15 yr) from professional academies in the UK were rated on technical, tactical, physical and creative skills by coaches at time 1 (T1). Players estimated accumulated hours in soccer practice (coach-led activities) and play (self-led activities) during childhood. Coach-ratings were again collected 2.5 yr later (T2) for players that received a professional contract (~17 yr). Adult-professional status was determined at T3 (~ 20 yr). Skill ratings distinguished across the three “future” groups (academy-only, youth-professional only and adult-professional), for all but creative skill. For players that transitioned to youth-professional, medium sized correlations were noted between childhood practice amounts and technical and creative skill ratings at T1, although practice amounts correlated more strongly with skill ratings at T2. Play amounts were not related to any skills. Within groups of youth elite athletes, domain-specific play in childhood, and to a lesser degree practice, were generally not good discriminators of specific-skills. The effects of sport-specific practice on the development (and discriminability) of skills takes time to emerge. We consider the implications for talent development models and purported links between play and creativity.  相似文献   

陕西省优秀男子散打运动员膝关节肌群等速力量评价分析     

吕昊 《蒙自师范高等专科学校学报》2009,7(2)

利用IsoMed2000等速测试/训练系统,对陕西省15名优秀男子散打队员进行测试.发现峰力矩和相对峰力矩偏低;等速向心收缩和等速离心收缩时伸肌群的峰力矩、总功和平均功率均大于屈肌的对应值,膝关节肌群力量偏低.建议按照散打运动项目特点加强专项力量训练,提高基础力量训练,加强专项力量训练,屈伸肌群比例训练,增加肌肉工作的实效性.  相似文献