Inter-participant variability in daily physical activity and sedentary time among male youth sport footballers: independent associations with indicators of adiposity and cardiorespiratory fitness     

Sally A. M. Fenton  Joan L. Duda  Timothy Barrett 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(3):239-251

Participation in youth sport is assumed to promote and contribute towards more physically active lifestyles among children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine inter-participant variability in objectively measured habitual physical activity (PA) behaviours and sedentary time among youth sport participants and their implications for health. One-hundred-and-eighteen male youth sport footballers (Mean ± s = 11.72 ± 1.60) wore a GT3X accelerometer for 7 days. Average daily PA [min · day^?1, in light (LPA), moderate (MPA), vigorous (VPA) and combined moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA)] and sedentary time were calculated. Participants’ body mass index adjusted for age and sex (BMI–standard deviation score), per cent body fat (BF%), waist circumference and cardiorespiratory fitness were assessed. Results revealed that variability in daily PA behaviours and sedentary time (min · day^?1) was associated with BMI–standard deviation score [VPA (?), MVPA (?)], BF% [sedentary time (+), VPA (?), MVPA (?)], waist circumference [sedentary time (+), LPA (?)] and cardiorespiratory fitness [sedentary time (?), MPA (+), VPA (+), MVPA (+)]. Whilst sedentary time and MVPA were not related to health outcomes independent of one another, associations with markers of adiposity and cardiorespiratory fitness were stronger for sedentary time. Sedentary time was also significantly positively related to waist circumference independent of VPA. Results demonstrate inter-participant variability in habitual PA and sedentary time among youth sport participants which holds implications for their health. Thus, promoting PA and, in particular, reducing sedentary time may contribute towards the prevention of adverse health consequences associated with a physically inactive lifestyle for children and adolescents active in the youth sport context.  相似文献   

Mediating effects of resistance training skill competency on health-related fitness and physical activity: the ATLAS cluster randomised controlled trial     

Jordan J. Smith  Philip J. Morgan  Ronald C. Plotnikoff  David F. Stodden  David R. Lubans 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(8):772-779

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of resistance training skill competency on percentage of body fat, muscular fitness and physical activity among a sample of adolescent boys participating in a school-based obesity prevention intervention. Participants were 361 adolescent boys taking part in the Active Teen Leaders Avoiding Screen-time (ATLAS) cluster randomised controlled trial: a school-based program targeting the health behaviours of economically disadvantaged adolescent males considered “at-risk” of obesity. Body fat percentage (bioelectrical impedance), muscular fitness (hand grip dynamometry and push-ups), physical activity (accelerometry) and resistance training skill competency were assessed at baseline and post-intervention (i.e., 8 months). Three separate multi-level mediation models were analysed to investigate the potential mediating effects of resistance training skill competency on each of the study outcomes using a product-of-coefficients test. Analyses followed the intention-to-treat principle. The intervention had a significant impact on the resistance training skill competency of the boys, and improvements in skill competency significantly mediated the effect of the intervention on percentage of body fat and the combined muscular fitness score. No significant mediated effects were found for physical activity. Improving resistance training skill competency may be an effective strategy for achieving improvements in body composition and muscular fitness in adolescent boys.  相似文献   

冬季体育教学中学生动商的培养     

刘丽辉  朱立斌 《冰雪运动》2016,(4):70-73

当今社会应试教育使得学生体质呈连年下降趋势,学生们的体育锻炼意识和习惯以及能力差之又差。“动商”这个代表着一个人运动潜能、运动能力和动手能力的新名词也应运而生。如何提高学生们的动商水平,使学生们的动商与智商、情商共同发展,成为专家、学者们共同探讨和思考的课题。对在冬季体育教学中提高学生动商水平进行研究,总结出动商的培养具有有效促进学生的身体健康发展、发挥动商的德育价值、有利于体育教育的充分挖掘、培养学生终身体育意识和习惯等意义和价值;提出高校要高度重视学生动商的发展、家庭要大力支持学生动商的培养、社会要营造良好的社会环境和氛围、学生要增强动商自我提升的积极意识等提高学生动商的途径,为有效保障学生动商的提高,切实提高学生身体素质提供参考。  相似文献   

现代竞技体育体能训练对改善女大学生脊柱功能的研究     

李兆鹏  安雪  刘冠男 《冰雪运动》2016,(4):92-96

脊柱功能是衡量人体健康水平的重要指标,对人体保持高质量的学习、生活和工作状态产生直接的影响。如何运用有效的训练改善和提高人体脊柱功能,应引起高度的重视。以黑龙江省30名女大学生为研究对象,制定有针对性的训练方案,进行为期3个月的运动干预实验,分5个阶段进行训练监控及训练效果评估。结果显示：全体受试对象脊柱直背趋势最为显著,脊柱姿势、柔韧性、稳定性整体较差,脊柱疾病风险较高;通过动态拉伸、颈肩及腰等功能性训练对改善女大学生脊柱功能效果显著;实施训练方案后,在第30天改善效果最为明显。  相似文献   

基于互联网的运动干预项目对大学生体质健康影响的实验研究     

黄中华  莫月红 《湖北体育科技》2016,(9):764-768

运用文献资料、教学实验、数理统计等方法,揭示微信平台和移动健身运用(APP)对大学生体质健康水平的影响及其作用机制。结果:1)实验组实验后体质健康各项指标(身高体重除外)均有显著的提升(P<0.05),对照组各指标也均有上升趋势,但无统计学意义(P>0.05);2)实验组实验后各项指标(身高体重除外)显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:1)基于互联网的线上运动干预项目可以有效促进大学生的体质健康水平,可以作为大学生体育锻炼习惯养成及体质健康促进的有效手段;2)线上运动干预项目促进大学生体质健康的作用机制是通过目标设定,自我监测行为,个性化定制与指导,社会互动等强化因素作用的结果。  相似文献   

足球运动员功能训练思考——基于近年来其他体能类项目突破的反思     

袁剑 《湖北体育科技》2016,(11):1029-1031

实践证明,功能性动作的完善更适合体能类项目实战的需要。分析国内外部分体能类项目突破带来的启发,阐述功能训练理念以及理论基础,列举国内足球项目体能训练的若干误区,从理论上提出功能训练对足球运动员的改造以及足球运动的核心训练,以期引发对功能训练与足球运动结合的思考、讨论与实践。  相似文献   

福州市中年人参加健身跑现状的调查研究     

吴深  李海丹 《辽宁体育科技》2016,(1):33-36

采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等,对福州市中年人参加健身跑的情况进行调查分析,明确健身跑运动对中年人身体健康的意义和作用,旨在为中年人更好地进行健身跑运动,提供参考。  相似文献   

Physical fitness normative values for 6–18-year-old Greek boys and girls,using the empirical distribution and the lambda,mu, and sigma statistical method     

Konstantinos D. Tambalis  Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos  Glykeria Psarra  Stelios Daskalakis  Stavros A. Kavouras  Nickos Geladas 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(6):736-746

The aim of the this study was to establish age- and gender-specific physical fitness normative values and to compare percentiles and Z scores values in a large, nationwide sample of Greek children aged 6–18 years. From March 2014 to May 2014, a total of 424,328 boys and girls aged 6–18 years who attended school in Greece were enrolled. The studied sample was representative, in terms of age–sex distribution and geographical region. Physical fitness tests (i.e. 20?m shuttle run test (SRT), standing long jump, sit and reach, sit-ups, and 10?×?5?m SRT) were performed and used to calculate normative values, using the percentiles of the empirical distributions and the lambda, mu, and sigma statistical method. Normative values were presented as tabulated percentiles for five health-related fitness tests based on a large data set comprising 424,328 test performances. Boys typically scored higher than girls on cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, and speed/agility, but lower on flexibility (all p values <0.001). Older boys and girls had better performances than younger ones (p?相似文献   

Sex-specific associations of moderate and vigorous physical activity with physical fitness in adolescents     

T. Kidokoro  H. Tanaka  K. Naoi  K. Ueno  T. Yanaoka  K. Kashiwabara 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):1159-1166

The present study examined the sex-specific associations of moderate and vigorous physical activity (VPA) with physical fitness in 300 Japanese adolescents aged 12–14 years. Participants were asked to wear an accelerometer to evaluate physical activity (PA) levels of various intensities (i.e. moderate PA (MPA), 3–5.9 metabolic equivalents (METs); VPA, ≥6 METs; moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), ≥3 METs). Eight fitness items were assessed (grip strength, bent-leg sit-up, sit-and-reach, side step, 50?m sprint, standing long jump, handball throw, and distance running) as part of the Japanese standardised fitness test. A fitness composite score was calculated using Japanese fitness norms, and participants were categorised according to their score from category A (most fit) to category E (least fit), with participants in categories D and E defined as having low fitness. It was found that for boys, accumulating more than 80.7?min/day of MVPA may reduce the probability of low fitness (odds ratio (ORs) [95% confidence interval (CI)]?=?0.17 [0.06–0.47], p?=?.001). For girls, accumulating only 8.4?min of VPA could reduce the likelihood of exhibiting low fitness (ORs [95% CI]?=?0.23 [0.05–0.89], p?=?.032). These results reveal that there are sex-specific differences in the relationship between PA and physical fitness in adolescents, suggesting that sex-specific PA recommendation may be needed to improve physical fitness in adolescents.  相似文献   

Low-intensity electrical muscle stimulation induces significant increases in muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness     

Toshiaki Miyamoto  Hiroyuki Kamada  Akira Tamaki  Toshio Moritani 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):1104-1110

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of low-intensity exercise training using belt electrode skeletal muscle electrical stimulation on muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness in healthy subjects. Nineteen healthy subjects were allocated into control or intervention groups; in both groups the participants kept regular physical activity while the intervention group underwent 30 min B-SES training at 3–4 METs for four weeks. Knee extensor muscle strength and cardiorespiratory endurance during incremental exercise test were measured at baseline and after four weeks for all participants. The relative change of knee extensor muscle strength in the intervention group was significantly higher than control group (p?p?相似文献