“I just do what the boys tell me”: Exploring small group student interactions in an integrated STEM unit     

Jeanna R. Wieselmann  Emily A. Dare  Elizabeth A. Ring-Whalen  Gillian H. Roehrig 《科学教学研究杂志》2020,57(1):112-144

Gender equity issues remain a challenge in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields, where women are highly underrepresented. As integrated STEM instruction becomes increasingly popular in elementary and middle school classrooms, it is important to consider whether the small group activities that are commonplace in STEM instruction support the equitable participation of young girls. This study builds on the existing body of literature to better understand how gender is related to student participation in small group STEM activities and whether students participate differently in science and engineering activities. A single embedded case study was used to explore the experiences of four students aged 10–11 years as they participated in small group work within an integrated STEM unit in their fifth-grade classroom. Two girls and two boys worked together throughout the unit to explore science content related to electromagnetism and apply their content knowledge to an engineering design challenge. Video and audio of students' small group interactions were analyzed using an observation protocol to code their participation in each 3-min segment of STEM activity. Student- and case-level analyses were used to identify patterns of interaction based on gender and type of activity (science vs. engineering). Findings suggest that boys and girls participate in small group STEM activities in different ways, adopting distinct roles within their group. In addition, students displayed divergent patterns of interaction in science- and engineering-focused lessons, suggesting that students need additional practice and support in navigating between science and engineering in integrated STEM units.  相似文献   

Experiences,activities, and personal characteristics as predictors of engagement in STEM-focused summer programs     

Jennifer A. Schmidt  Patrick N. Beymer  Joshua M. Rosenberg  Neil N. Naftzger  Lee Shumow 《科学教学研究杂志》2020,57(8):1281-1309

Out-of-school-time programs for youth that are focused on STEM content are often seen as affording opportunities to increase youth engagement, interest, and knowledge in STEM domains, yet we know relatively little about how youth actually experience such programs. In this article, we explore how experiences and activities employed in the delivery of summer STEM programs are associated with youth engagement during programming, and whether youth characteristics moderate these relationships. Data were collected from 203 youth (ages 10–16) in nine summer programs using multiple methods including video, experience sampling, and surveys. Through the use of cross-classified, multi-level models, we found that youth reported higher engagement in program activities they perceived to be more challenging and relevant, and in activities, they perceived to have more affordances for learning or developing skills. Gender moderated these relationships such that the positive relationships observed among males were muted or nonexistent for girls. We further identify that program activities are differently associated with fostering challenge, relevance, and learning. Findings have implications for out-of-school STEM programming for youth.  相似文献   

History in your hand     

Stephen J. Greenberg 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2021,109(4):697

In the swirl of current events including a pandemic and new chapters in the awareness of race and gender, it is the professional responsibility of librarians and archivists to create durable records for future scholars, so they can understand our present.  相似文献   

一种虚浮无根的女性主义理论--盖尔·卢宾《女人交易》细读和批判     

吕保田 《保定学院学报》2016,(2):64-68

盖尔·卢宾的《女人交易：性的“政治经济学”初探》是一篇颇具影响力的女性主义理论文献。然而，它的理论创构方式却不具有健全的综合意义，而是片面地走上了形式主义和后现代主义的道路，依托于结构主义的方法论以求达成解构的目的。它的思想路线是反马克思主义的。在很大程度上，它对待前人理论遗产的态度往往是断章取义、主观发挥的。它过分地强调“性/社会性别制度”的自足性和优先性，将它视为导致女性压迫的根源。因此，它所提出的女性解放方案也就仅仅是从这个制度上来着眼的，而不是从整个社会存在的物质基础方面来考虑的。总之，从宏观的理论设计到具体的理论阐释，盖尔·卢宾都存在着严重的脱根失据的问题。  相似文献   

Transgender women in sport     

Andria Bianchi 《体育哲学杂志》2017,44(2):229-242

This paper considers whether transgender (trans*) women should be permitted to compete in female categories in sports. Trans* women are often criticized for competing in female categories because they are seen as having an unfair advantage. Specifically, they are seen as having high levels of testosterone that unfairly enhance their performance in comparison to cisgender competitors. In this paper, I argue that trans* women should be permitted to compete in female categories. I suggest that if we want to maintain the skill thesis as a guiding principle of sports and allow trans* women to compete in female categories, then we need to take relevant genetic advantages into consideration by introducing a handicap system. I claim that a handicap system should consider both cisgender and transgender women’s effective testosterone levels.  相似文献   

Effect of sex and fatigue on muscle stiffness and musculoarticular stiffness of the knee joint in a young active population     

Dan Wang  Giuseppe De Vito  Massimiliano Ditroilo  Eamonn Delahunt 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(16):1582-1591

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of sex and fatigue on knee extensor peak torque (PT), muscle stiffness (MS) of the vastus lateralis (VL) and knee joint musculoarticular stiffness (MAS) in young adults. Twenty-two male and 22 female recreational athletes participated. Males were characterised by higher relaxed [pre-: males 364.43 (52.00) N · m^–1, females 270.27 (37.25) N · m^–1; post-: males 446.75 (83.27) N · m^–1, females 307.39 (38.58) N · m^–1] and contracted [pre-: males 495.07 (71.04) N · m^–1, females 332.34 (85.42) N · m^–1; post-: males 546.37 (90.74) N · m^–1, females 349.21 (85.55) N · m^–1] MS of the VL, and knee joint MAS [pre-: males 1450.11 (507.98) N · m^–1, females 1027.99 (227.33) N · m^–1; post-: males 1345.81 (404.90) N · m^–1, females 952.78 (192.38) N · m^–1] than females pre- and post-fatigue. A similar finding was observed in pre-fatigue normalised knee extensor PT [pre-: males 2.77 (0.42) N · m kg^–1, females 2.41 (0.40) N · m kg^–1, post-: males 2.53 (0.54) N · m kg^–1, females 2.26 (0.44) N · m kg^–1]. After the fatigue protocol, normalised knee extensor PT and knee joint MAS decreased, whilst relaxed and contracted MS of the VL increased in both sexes. These observed differences may contribute to the higher risk of knee injury in females and following the onset of fatigue.  相似文献   

Looking perfect: Instagram use in a Kuwaiti cultural context     

Ali A. Al-Kandari  Fahad Y. Al-Sumait  Ahmed Al-Hunaiyyan 《Journal of International and Intercultural Communication》2017,10(4):273-290

This study surveys 539 Arab university students to examine gender motivational differences in Instagram use, exploring the Self-Perfectionist Personality concept and usage activities that best predict a Self-Presentation motive on Instagram. While both genders utilized Instagram mainly for Entertainment, they varied on the priority of other motives. Females were less likely to have public accounts, post personal pictures, and disclose personal information. Also, self-perfectionists of both genders excessively edited their personal pictures before posting them and were more likely to use Instagram for Self-Presentation. Outcomes are discussed in the light of the influences of culture and gender roles in Kuwait.  相似文献   

The Role of Socioeconomic Status in SAT–Freshman Grade Relationships Across Gender and Racial Subgroups     

Jana L. Higdem  Jack W. Kostal  Nathan R. Kuncel  Paul R. Sackett  Winny Shen  Adam S. Beatty  Thomas B. Kiger 《Educational Measurement》2016,35(1):21-28

Recent research has shown that admissions tests retain the vast majority of their predictive power after controlling for socioeconomic status (SES), and that SES provides only a slight increment over SAT and high school grades (high school grade point average [HSGPA]) in predicting academic performance. To address the possibility that these overall analyses obscure differences by race/ethnicity or gender, we examine the role of SES in the test‒grade relationship for men and women as well as for various racial/ethnic subgroups within the United States. For each subgroup, the test‒grade relationship is only slightly diminished when controlling for SES. Further, SES is a substantially less powerful predictor of academic performance than both SAT and HSGPA. Among the indicators of SES (i.e., father's education, mother's education, and parental income), father's education appears to be strongest predictor of freshman grades across subgroups, with the exception of the Asian subgroup. In general, SES appears to behave similarly across subgroups in the prediction of freshman grades with SAT scores and HSGPA.  相似文献   

The Relationship Between Instructor Use of Different Types of Humor and Student Interest in Course Material     

Moshe Machlev 《College Teaching》2017,65(4):192-200

The goal of this study was to research the frequency of the use of diverse types of humor in the college classroom for a possible association with student interest in course material. This relationship was studied using quantitative methods. Participants answered questions about their interest in course material and the type of humor that their instructor used in the classroom. The study involved 195 undergraduate students ranging in age from 18 to 25. A factor analysis recognized two separate types of humor (relevant/appropriate and non-relevant). The study found that both relevant/appropriate humor and non-relevant humor predicted student interest. The more relevant/appropriate humor used the more student had interest in course materials. As well, the more non-relevant humor used the less students reported interest in course materials. No differences were found between the gender of students in the classroom when examining this question of humor and interest.  相似文献   

Histories Beyond the Boundaries     

Charlotte Macdonald 《国际体育史杂志》2017,34(5-6):383-387

Abstract

The paper outlines the origins of the author’s interest in sports history within the 1970s anti-apartheid sporting boycott and the parallel expansion of historical scholarship to incorporate social and radical histories. The place of sport in forming histories of empire and gender, as well as in cultural areas of memory, place, print culture, and consumption are canvassed along with observations on the future of sport history. In the light of the ‘paradox of play’ which simultaneously places sport at the centre and in the ephemeral margins of modern society, it is suggested there is no secure ground for this area of study.  相似文献