足球运动员双脚跳起侧面头顶球的运动生物力学研究          下载免费PDF全文

刘志云  颜亮  杨麟 《武汉体育学院学报》2006,40(5):72-74

从运动生物力学的角度对高水平运动员的双脚跳起侧面头顶球技术采取定性和定量相结合的方式进行综合性的对比分析与研究，探讨了双脚跳起侧面动作的静力学、运动学和动力学方面的特点及生物力学特征。  相似文献   

不同水平女子100米栏运动员跨栏步的运动学分析     

夏正清 《体育科研》2000,21(3):11-13,26

通过高速摄影和文献资料法,对不同水平女子１００ｍ栏运动员分析,发现高水平运动贞起跨时的起跨距离、身体重心的水班平速度明显优于水平相对低的运动员;腾空过栏时低水平运动员身体重心的垂直位移明显大于高水平运动员的值;下栏着地时高水平运动员身体重心水平速度的损失率明显小于低水平运动员;并且发现不同水平运动员的起跨距离、起跨时身体重心水平速度、腾空时身体重心垂直位移、下栏着地时着地点与身体重心垂直投影点的水平距离等指标与其身体重心平均水平速度呈高度正或负相关。  相似文献   

优秀三级跳远运动员跨步跳着地瞬间生物学分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

房斌 《成都体育学院学报》2008,34(11)

采用运动学、肌电图学等研究方法,结合影像解析法,对天津市优秀女子三级跳远运动员跨步跳动作进行分析.研究发现在着地瞬间采用较为明显的"屈腿着地起跳蹬伸技术",到最大缓冲时刻,支撑腿膝角为139.17°,处于合理的蹬伸范围,但在离地瞬间支撑腿膝角明显小于国内外优秀女子选手,且差异具有显著性;在肌电图方面,半腱肌的用力程度始终是最大的,并且臀大肌、腹直肌、胫骨前肌和股内、外侧肌在跨步跳的踏跳过程中都起着非常重要的作用.  相似文献   

Comparing para-rowing set-ups on an ergometer using kinematic movement patterns of able-bodied rowers     

B. Cutler  T. Eger  T. Merritt 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(8):777-783

While numerous studies have investigated the biomechanics of able-bodied rowing, few studies have been completed with para-rowing set-ups. The purpose of this research was to provide benchmark data for handle kinetics and joint kinematics for able-bodied athletes rowing in para- rowing set-ups on an indoor ergometer. Able-bodied varsity rowers performed maximal trials in three para-rowing set-ups; Legs, Trunk and Arms (LTA), Trunk and Arms (TA) and Arms and Shoulders (AS) rowing. The handle force kinetics of the LTA stroke were comparable to the values for able-bodied literature. Lumbar flexion at the catch, extension at the finish and total range of motion were, however, greater than values in the literature for able-bodied athletes in the LTA set-up. Additionally, rowers in TA and AS set-ups utilised more extreme ranges of motion for lumbar flexion, elbow flexion and shoulder abduction than the LTA set-up. This study provides the first biomechanical values of the para-rowing strokes for researchers, coaches and athletes to use while promoting the safest training programmes possible for para-rowing.  相似文献   

Reliability of unipodal and bipodal counter movement jump landings in a recreational male population     

Cédric Schwartz  Bénédicte Forthomme  Julien Paulus  Jean-François Kaux  Olivier Brüls  Vincent Denoël 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(9):1143-1152

Movement patterns during landing have been suggested to be related to injury risk. The purpose of this study was to determine the inter-session reliability of kinematic variables and ground reaction forces during landing in a population of male recreational athletes after a counter movement jump. Both unipodal and bipodal landings were evaluated. Furthermore, the possibility to improve landing reliability with a verbal instruction was also studied. Twenty-four male volunteers with no history of lower extremity trauma were randomly assigned to two groups (with and without verbal landing instruction). An optoelectronic 3D system and force plates were used to measure the lower limb joint angles and the ground reaction forces during landing. Intraclass correlation values show moderate to excellent inter-session reliability for the bipodal task (ICC average: 0.80, range: 0.46–0.97) and poor to excellent reliability for the unipodal task (ICC average: >0.75, range: 0.20–0.95). However, large standard errors of measurement values at the ankle joint at impact (27.6?±?11.5°) and for the vertical ground reaction forces (394?±?1091 N) show that some variables may not be usable in practice. The verbal instruction had a negative effect on the reliability of unipodal landing but improved the reliability of bipodal landing. These findings show that the reliability of a landing task is influenced by its motor complexity as well as the instruction given to the subject.  相似文献   

The effects of a standard elliptical vs. a modified elliptical with a converging footpath on lower limb kinematics and muscle activity     

Erik Hummer  Eryn Murphy  David N. Suprak  Lorrie Brilla  Jun G. San Juan 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(20):2382-2389

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Effect of the starting and turning performances on the subsequent swimming parameters of elite swimmers     

Santiago Veiga  Andreu Roig 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2017,16(1):34-44

In the present research, we examined the effect of the starting and turning performances on the subsequent swimming parameters by (1) comparing the starting and turning velocities with the swimming parameters on the emersion and mid-pool segments and (2) by relating the individual behaviour of swimmers during the start and turns with subsequent behaviour on each swimming lap. One hundred and twelve 100 m performances on the FINA 2013 World Swimming Championships were analysed by an image-processing system (InThePool 2.0®). At the point of the start emersion, the swimming parameters of the 100-m elite swimmers were substantially greater than the mid-pool parameters, except on the breaststroke races. On the other hand, no diminution in the swimming parameters was observed between the turn emersion and the mid-pool swimming, except on the butterfly and backstroke male races. Changes on the surface swimming kinematics were not generally related to the starting or turning parameters, although male swimmers who develop faster starts seem to achieve faster velocities at emersion. Race analysts should be aware of a transfer of momentum when swimmers emerge from underwater with implications on the subsequent swimming kinematics, especially for male swimmers who employ underwater undulatory techniques.  相似文献   

Effects of forefoot bending stiffness of badminton shoes on agility,comfort perception and lower leg kinematics during typical badminton movements     

Sang-Kyoon Park  Wing-Kai Lam  Sukhoon Yoon  Ki-Kwang Lee 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2017,16(3):374-386

This study investigated whether an increase in the forefoot bending stiffness of a badminton shoe would positively affect agility, comfort and biomechanical variables during badminton-specific movements. Three shoe conditions with identical shoe upper and sole designs with different bending stiffness (Flexible, Regular and Stiff) were used. Elite male badminton players completed an agility test on a standard badminton court involving consecutive lunges in six directions, a comfort test performed by a pair of participants conducting a game-like practice trial and a biomechanics test involving a random assignment of consecutive right forward lunges. No significant differences were found in agility time and biomechanical variables among the three shoes. The players wearing the shoe with a flexible forefoot outsole demonstrated a decreased perception of comfort in the forefoot cushion compared to regular and stiffer conditions during the comfort test (p < 0.05). The results suggested that the modification of forefoot bending stiffness would influence individual perception of comfort but would not influence performance and lower extremity kinematics during the tested badminton-specific tasks. It was concluded that an optimisation of forefoot structure and materials in badminton shoes should consider the individual’s perception to maximise footwear comfort in performance.  相似文献   

Sequence-dependent rotation axis changes in tennis     

Clint Hansen  Caroline Martin  Nasser Rezzoug  Philippe Gorce  Benoit Bideau  Brice Isableu 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2017,16(3):411-423

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of rotation axes during a tennis serve. A motion capture system was used to evaluate the contribution of the potential axes of rotation (minimum inertia axis, shoulder-centre of mass axis and the shoulder-elbow axis) during the four discrete tennis serve phases (loading, cocking, acceleration and follow through). Ten ranked athletes (International Tennis Number 1–3) repeatedly performed a flat service aiming at a target on the other side of the net. The four serve phases are distinct and thus, each movement phase seems to be organised around specific rotation axes. The results showed that the limbs’ rotational axis does not necessarily coincide with the minimum inertia axis across the cocking phase of the tennis serve. Even though individual serving strategies were exposed, all participants showed an effect due to the cocking phase and changed the rotation axis during the task. Taken together, the results showed that despite inter-individual differences, nine out of 10 participants changed the rotation axis towards the minimum inertia and/or the mass axis in an endeavour to maximise external rotation of the shoulder to optimally prepare for the acceleration phase.  相似文献   

高弓足和正常足在赤足行走过程中的力学特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

毛晓锟  张秋霞  杨倩倩 《体育科研》2015,(4):75-79

研究目的：观察高弓足和正常足在赤足行走过程中的运动学和动力学参数变化,分析高弓足易损伤的原因,为高弓足的康复治疗提供实验依据。研究方法：选取9名高弓足受试者为实验组,10名正常足受试者为对照组。利用Vicon-MX红外摄像系统进行动作捕捉,采集受试者常速行走时髋、膝、踝三大关节的运动学参数,同时利用KISTLER三维测力台采集行走过程中的足-地接触力。研究结果：在行走过程中,高弓足者髋关节在足趾离地时的外展角度小于正常足（P﹤0.05）;在垂直方向上的第二峰值地面反作用力（GRF）两组间差异存在统计学意义（P﹤0.05）,垂直方向的第一、第二峰值GRF和向后方向上的峰值GRF出现的时间均早于正常足（P﹤0.05）。结论：高弓足与正常足行走时所表现出的差异性可能是造成高弓足易损伤的原因,也反映了它们控制机制的不同。  相似文献