我国幼儿园管理质量的现状、类别及其影响因素——基于潜在剖面分析的结果     

刘颖  虞永平 《学前教育研究》2021,(1)

幼儿园管理是影响幼儿园保教质量的重要因素。本研究采用分层抽样的方法,从我国5个省份选取了100所不同性质的城乡幼儿园,利用《走向优质——中国幼儿园教育质量评价标准》中的“管理引领”子标准对其管理质量进行研究。结果发现我国幼儿园管理质量整体处于中等偏下水平,其中“自评改进”项目得分最低。同时,潜在剖面分析的结果显示,我国幼儿园管理质量存在3种潜在类别,即“管理质量不适宜”型(10%)、“管理质量合格”型(72%)和“管理质量良好”型(18%)。进一步的线性回归和logistics回归分析结果表明,幼儿园的办园性质、所在地区和班级数量能够预测幼儿园的管理质量水平。与非城区幼儿园相比,城区幼儿园更不可能成为“管理质量不适宜”和“管理质量合格”型的幼儿园。与民办性质的幼儿园相比,公办性质的幼儿园成为“管理质量不适宜”型幼儿园的可能性更低。今后应加强对幼儿园管理质量的研究,持续改进幼儿园管理质量,重点关注和支持可能成为“管理质量不适宜”型的幼儿园。  相似文献   

Establishing a Competence Profile for the Role of Student-centred Teachers in Higher Education in Belgium   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Annelies Gilis  Mieke Clement  Lies Laga  Paul Pauwels 《Research in higher education》2008,49(6):531-554

The increasing importance of constructivism in higher education has brought about a shift in pedagogy from a focus on the teacher to a focus on the student. This has important implications for teaching and assessment. A student-centred pedagogy implies a different role for the teacher. What exactly does student-centred teaching require from teachers’ actual teaching practice? What is expected from them in order to teach in a student-centred way? It is in order to respond to these questions that this research project has been carried out establishing a core competence profile of student-centred teachers in higher education. Qualitative data were collected by means of semi-structured in-depth interviews with teachers from different institutions for higher education in Belgium, known for their student-centred way of teaching. This research method is innovative compared to the methods used for existing competence lists in the literature, which were usually developed on the basis of conversations with pedagogical experts. By exploring practice and having teachers participate in the development of a competence list, the acceptance of a competence profile is much higher. The result of the project is a validated competence profile which takes into account the critiques on existing competence lists. The competence profile provides a further insight in the functioning of teachers within a student-centred pedagogy and can be used as a starting point for the educational development of teachers within this pedagogy.  相似文献   

Expectancy-value profiles in math and science: A person-centered approach to cross-domain motivation with academic and STEM-related outcomes     

《Contemporary educational psychology》2021

The need to enhance the STEM workforce and, in turn, the STEM educational pipeline is a prevailing issue in the U.S. One critical component in this pipeline is students’ interest in STEM majors and their persistence in such majors, theorized to be a function of both students’ perceived value and expectancy beliefs in the subject matter. Using an expectancy-value lens, we examined cross-domain patterns of high school students’ expectancy beliefs and values in both mathematics and science using a person-centered or profile approach. With data from the High School Longitudinal Study, latent profile analysis revealed five profiles characterized as Low Math/Low Science (i.e., endorsing low levels of expectancy and value beliefs in math and science), Moderate Math/Moderate Science, High Math/High Science, Low Math/High Science, and High Math/Low Science. Taking into account aspects of students’ background and school context, we found that motivational profile membership predicted math and science high school achievement, college persistence, and both STEM major intentions and major choices. Moreover, there were a number of gender and racial/ethnic differences and contextual variation in profile memberships as well. Implications for theory and educational practice are discussed in relation to study findings.  相似文献   

Oxidant and antioxidant status in vegetarians and fish eaters     

K. Poornima  M. Cariappa  K. Asha  H. P. Kedilaya  M. Nandini 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(2):197-205

An adequate antioxidant reserve which is usually present in a vegetarian diet is associated with higher life expectancy. On the other hand habitual consumption of fish is associated with lower risk of cardiovascular diseases which is attributed to the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) present in it. However the PUFA are readily susceptible to oxidation leading to the formation of free radicals which is known to be involved in the causation of several diseases. The oxidant-antioxidant status of 23 vegetarians and 22 fish eaters was studied by determining the plasma lipid peroxides measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) and the antioxidants, viz. glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid, ceruloplasmin and uric acid. Results show that the ascorbic acid values were significantly higher in vegetarians. In addition, MDA correlated negatively with ascorbic acid only in vegetarians. However, correlation of MDA with glutathione showed a significant negative correlation only in fish eaters. There was no statistically significant difference in the MDA, GSH, ceruloplasmin and uric acid levels. The mechanism behind these findings are not clear and needs to be explored.  相似文献   

Hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties of combination ofCurcumin fromCurcuma longa, Linn, and partially purified product fromAbroma augusta, Linn. in streptozotocin induced diabetes     

Halim Eshrat M. Ali Hussain 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2002,17(2):33-43

Dietary spice components ofCurcuma longa andAbroma augusta have been screened for their protective effect against reactive oxygen species induced lipid peroxidation. They have been found to be efficient antioxidant when administered in combination. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of oral administration (300mg/Kg) of the aqueous extract of turmeric whose active ingredient isCurcumin andAbromine powder as a hypoglycemic agent mixed with diet. The effect of this aqueous extract on blood glucose, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and the antioxidant defense system in rat tissues like liver, lung, kidney and brain was studied for 8 weeks in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. The administration of an aqueous extract of turmeric and abromine powder resulted in a significant reduction in blood glucose and an increase in total haemoglobin. The aqueous extract also resulted in decreased free radical formation in the tissues studied. The decrease in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and increase in reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) clearly showed the antioxidant property of the mixture. It is suggested that these changes initially counteract the oxidative stress in diabetes however, a gradual decrease in the antioxidative process may be one of the factors which results in chronic diabetes. These results indicate that the mixture of the two plants have shown antidiabetic activity and also reduced oxidative stress in diabetes. A combination ofAbroma augusta and Curcuma longa also restored the other general parameters in diabetic animals. The results were statistically analyzed and indicated that combination of herbal extracts showed better efficacy as compared to individual herbal plant extracts used.  相似文献   

Applications of Compton scattering     

LUO Guang ZHOU Shang-qi HAN Zhong CHEN Shuang-kou 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2006,5(4):193-199

1 Introduction a Compton scattering is well known, and its applications are studied by physicists, chemists and specialists in many fields. Some applications are relatively mature and relevant instruments have been developed such as ComScan; whereas the o…  相似文献   

Student Engagement and School Burnout in Finnish Lower-Secondary Schools: Latent Profile Analysis     

T. E. Virtanen  M.-K. Lerkkanen  A.-M. Poikkeus  M. Kuorelahti 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2018,62(4):519-537

Self-ratings of behavioural engagement, cognitive engagement and school burnout were used in person-centred analyses to identify latent profiles among 2,485 Finnish lower-secondary school students. Three profiles were identified: high-engagement/low-burnout (40.6% of the sample), average-engagement/average-burnout (53.9%), and low-engagement/high-burnout (5.5%). Another sample of lower-secondary school students was used to validate the 3 profiles. The factors most strongly associated with the high-engagement/low-burnout profile of lower-secondary school students’ were high levels of support from teachers and family, good academic performance, and lack of truancy. The study indicated that teacher and family support and students’ academic achievement are pivotal in understanding student engagement and school burnout.  相似文献   

An appreciation of free radical chemistry 3. Free radicals in diseases and health     

G. Nagendrappa 《Resonance》2005,10(4):65-74

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血脂比值与冠脉狭窄程度的相关分析     

方叶青  谢秀梅  余萍  陈双秀 《岳阳职业技术学院学报》2007,22(4):53-57

目的探讨冠心病患者的血脂比值和单项血脂与冠脉狭窄严重程度的相关性。方法对已行冠状动脉造影的阳性病人(最少有一支血管狭窄≥50%)的各项血脂及其比值进行检测,并与其冠脉狭窄程度进行相关分析。结果①在单项血脂中,TG、CHO、LDL、LP(a)均与冠脉狭窄程度呈正相关,而HDL和apoA与冠脉狭窄程度呈负相关。②在血脂比值中,CHO/HDL、apoB/apoA TG/apoA、CHO/apoA LDL/apoA值均随冠脉狭窄程度加重而增加,且差异有显著性意义。③血脂比值比单项血脂反映CAD的敏感度更高。结论:对于CAD患者,血脂比值反映冠脉狭窄的严重程度较单项血脂更敏感更早期。  相似文献   

Discussion of competences at university level: review of the competency profile of social educators / Discusión de competencias en el ámbito universitario: revisión del perfil del educador social     

María-Dolores Eslava-Suanes  Ignacio González-López  Carlota de-León-Huertas 《Cultura y Educación》2018,30(2):393-413

Training in competences helps university students develop in a comprehensive way that is oriented towards working in their chosen profession. The profession focused on in this study is that of social educator. Degree programmes related to this profession are relatively new and their implementation is also open to variation. As a result of this, a review of the competency profile of the profession is considered necessary. The study presented here aims to validate the competences of this profession by means of expert judgement. The panel of experts assesses the relevance and clarity of each element, as well as giving their opinions on them. The contributions provided result in a set of qualitative and quantitative data whose analysis helps to redefine a profile comprising 23 competences distributed across two dimensions: basic competences (14) and professional competences (9).  相似文献