(Re)theorising laddish masculinities in higher education     

Alison Phipps 《Gender and education》2017,29(7):815-830

In the context of renewed debates and interest in this area, this paper reframes the theoretical agenda around laddish masculinities in UK higher education, and similar masculinities overseas. These can be contextualised within consumerist neoliberal rationalities, the neoconservative backlash against feminism and other social justice movements, and the postfeminist belief that women are winning the ‘battle of the sexes’. Contemporary discussions of ‘lad culture’ have rightly centred sexism and men's violence against women: however, we need a more intersectional analysis. In the UK a key intersecting category is social class, and there is evidence that while working-class articulations of laddism proceed from being dominated within alienating education systems, middle-class and elite versions are a reaction to feeling dominated due to a loss of gender, class and race privilege. These are important differences, and we need to know more about the conditions which shape and produce particular performances of laddism, in interaction with masculinities articulated by other social groups. It is perhaps unhelpful, therefore, to collapse these social positions and identities under the banner of ‘lad culture’, as has been done in the past.  相似文献   

Reflecting on Functioning in Trigger Happy America     

Adam Wolfsdorf 《Changing English: An International Journal of English Teaching》2017,24(3):299-317

Trigger warnings are posing serious threats to the ways that English educators can teach at the university level. If Aristotle – and Hillis-Miller years later – argue that literature must arouse and bring about catharsis, then proponents of trigger warnings are anaesthetising the power of words and watering down their ability to incite emotional responses and promote healing. By examining the relationship between proponents of the trigger warning and reflective functioning – a psychoanalytic concept that emerged out of the British psychoanalytic school – this article argues that English students and English educators who support the use of trigger warnings may suffer from poor reflective functioning. Individuals with poor reflective functioning have difficulty coping with their emotions as well as practising mentalisation during times of acute stress, which can be triggered in response to arousing interactions with texts. Finally, the article offers some suggestions for how English educators might use empathy, intentional self-disclosure and vulnerability as a means for enhancing reflective functioning in students and encouraging them to journey more freely and courageously into controversial, charged, and dramatic literary moments.  相似文献   

Violent computer games,empathy, and cosmopolitanism     

Mark Coeckelbergh 《Ethics and Information Technology》2007,9(3):219-231

Many philosophical and public discussions of the ethical aspects of violent computer games typically centre on the relation between playing violent videogames and its supposed direct consequences on violent behaviour. But such an approach rests on a controversial empirical claim, is often one-sided in the range of moral theories used, and remains on a general level with its focus on content alone. In response to these problems, I pick up Matt McCormick’s thesis that potential harm from playing computer games is best construed as harm to one’s character, and propose to redirect our attention to the question how violent computer games influence the moral character of players. Inspired by the work of Martha Nussbaum, I sketch a positive account of how computer games can stimulate an empathetic and cosmopolitan moral development. Moreover, rather than making a general argument applicable to a wide spectrum of media, my concern is with specific features of violent computer games that make them especially morally problematic in terms of empathy and cosmopolitanism, features that have to do with the connections between content and medium, and between virtuality and reality. I also discuss some remaining problems. In this way I hope contribute to a less polarised discussion about computer games that does justice to the complexity of their moral dimension, and to offer an account that is helpful to designers, parents, and other stakeholders. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the ACLA 2006 conference in Princeton, 25 March 2006.  相似文献   

From learning to labour to learning for marginality: school segregation and marginalization in Swedish suburbs     

Dennis Beach  Ove Sernhede 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2011,32(2):257-274

In this article, using data from ethnographic research, we try to present some glimpses of the way education is described as an experience and possibility ‘from below’, by pupils who grow up and study in schools in the most segregated and territorially stigmatized suburbs on the outskirts of our major cities. What we feel they describe is an experience of schooling for surviving the social and economic consequences of curtailed citizenship in a post‐industrial society rather than one of schooling that offers possibilities of integration and full citizenship or social transformation. Our findings have significant policy implications in this respect. Sweden has historically pursued projects aimed at educational inclusion but has recently taken a significant turn toward neo‐liberalism and educational consumerism, since which time various disadvantaged groups have become increasingly concentrated compared with others in under‐achieving schools in an economically threatened public sector. The article discusses some aspects and possible consequences of this development.  相似文献   

A new age for child protection--General Comment 13: why it is important, how it was constructed, and what it intends?     

Hart SN  Lee Y  Wernham M 《Child abuse & neglect》2011,35(12):970-978

Children continue to be subjected to high levels of violence (i.e., physical, psychological and sexual maltreatment) throughout the world. International concern about violence against children has increased significantly during the last decade. A Study on Violence Against Children, encouraged by the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child, conducted under the auspices of the United Nations Secretary General and reported in 2006, has become a rallying call to improve child protection. Child protection practices and systems have been judged to be generally inadequate and, in some cases, destructive. It is widely recognized that business as usual—more of the same—will not do. A General Comment (guide to fulfilling obligations) for Article 19, the central conceptualization of child protection of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, has the potential to promote a worldwide reformulation of child protection priorities, policies, and practices by virtue of the infusion of a child rights approach. It can be a mechanism for framing and promoting the transformational change needed – for a genuine paradigm shift. Here, explication is given for the historical context, rationale, centrality of child rights, process of development, holistic nature, and primary elements of General Comment 13 (GC13): The child's right to freedom from all forms of violence. GC13 embodies and champions a child rights approach to child protection entailing strong support for proactive primary prevention, promotion of good child care, and a commitment to secure the rights and well-being of all children. A child rights-based, comprehensive coordinating framework is recommended for the implementation of GC13.  相似文献   

Gender differences in the effects of exposure to intimate partner violence on adolescent violence and drug use     

Fagan AA  Wright EM 《Child abuse & neglect》2011,35(7):543-550

Objective

This study investigated the long-term effects of exposure to intimate partner violence in the home on adolescent violence and drug use and gender differences in these relationships. Although the general relationship between exposure to IPV and negative outcomes for youth has been demonstrated in past research, gender differences in the effects of IPV on adolescents have been rarely assessed using longitudinal data.

Methods

Longitudinal data was obtained from 1,315 adolescents and their primary caregivers participating in the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN). The sample was 51% female and ethnically diverse (45% Hispanic, 37% African-American, and 14% Caucasian). Two waves of data were assessed to examine the effects of exposure to IPV, reported by caregivers when their children were aged 12 and 15, on violence and drug use, reported by adolescents 3 years later. Multivariate statistical models were employed to control for a range of child, parent, family, and neighborhood risk factors.

Results

Exposure to IPV did not significantly predict subsequent violence among males or females in multivariate analyses. IPV exposure was significantly related to the frequency of drug use for females but did not predict drug use among males. This gender difference was not statistically significant, however, which suggests more similarities than differences in the relationship between exposure to IPV and subsequent violence and drug use.

Conclusions

This study supports prior research indicating that exposure to IPV can negatively impact adolescent development, but it suggests that these effects may be more likely to influence some outcomes (e.g., drug use) than others (e.g., interpersonal violence). The findings also emphasize the need for additional research examining the overall impact of IPV on adolescent problem behaviors and gender differences in these relationships, including longitudinal studies and investigations that control for a range of other important predictors. A better understanding of these relationships can help inform intervention efforts aimed at ensuring that adolescents living in violent households receive timely and appropriate services to help prevent the occurrence of future problem behaviors.  相似文献   

Differential effects of psychological maltreatment on children of mothers exposed to intimate partner violence     

de la Vega A  de la Osa N  Ezpeleta L  Granero R  Domènech JM 《Child abuse & neglect》2011,35(7):524-531

Objective

Psychological maltreatment (PM) is the most prevalent form of child abuse, and is the core component of most of what is considered as child maltreatment. The aim of this work was to explore differential adverse outcomes of the different types of PM in the mental health and functioning of children living in homes in which they are exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV).

Method

Participants were 168 children, aged between 4 and 17, whose mothers experienced IPV. They were assessed using different measures of psychopathology and functioning: Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents-IV, Child Behavior Checklists and Child and Adolescent Functioning Assessment Scale. Furthermore, IPV was assessed with the Schedule for Assessment of Intimate Partner Violence Exposure in Children and the Index of Spouse Abuse. Statistical analyses were carried out with regression models adjusted by means of Generalized Estimating Equations.

Results

Spurning was the PM subtype with the greatest global effect on the children, as it was significantly associated with internalizing and externalizing problems. Denying emotional responsiveness specifically increased the risk of internalizing psychopathology and impairment in the emotional area. Terrorizing was not significantly associated with a greater number of negative outcomes in children's psychopathology or functioning in this population.

Implications

The results suggest the importance of taking PM types into account in order to fully understand the problems of children exposed to IPV at home, and for the design of effective treatment and prevention programs.  相似文献   

论家庭暴力法律事实的诉讼证明     

林晶  郭丽红 《山西师大学报(社会科学版)》2011,(2)

家庭暴力案件的复杂性之一在于家庭暴力法律事实的认定存在难度,因此需要建立相应的诉讼证明标准。而如何通过诉讼证明存在家庭暴力的事实,一直是司法界和学术界难以解决的问题之一。因此,对于家庭暴力认定难的问题,有必要对有关诉讼的证明标准、举证责任以及证据形式和证明力等问题进行探讨。在诉讼中,既要考虑家庭暴力的特殊性,也要看到此类案件与一般诉讼案件的共同性,应当遵循诉讼的一般规则,通过程序正义来保障实体的正义。  相似文献   

DotA2国际邀请赛的产品设计与营销推广          下载免费PDF全文

张垚 《河北体育学院学报》2018,32(2):48-53

利用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,对DotA2国际邀请赛大获成功的原因进行分析。从相关营销理论出发,在简述DotA2这一项目的发展环境和市场需求的基础上,重点关注其产品设计与营销推广问题。指出,其基于“回馈”理念的价值重构、科学合理的赛制设计、高水平的赛事服务以及对观赛体验的高度重视,是其产品设计的成功经验;而通过设置丰厚的奖金以提高关注度、通过众筹奖金制进行情怀营销、通过地区化邀请覆盖更多受众、通过设置特色化赛事增强观众互动性与参与性、通过新媒体和自媒体的宣传为比赛造势等等,则是其营销策略的独到之处。DotA2国际邀请赛的成功优化了电竞事业的发展环境,对我国电竞项目和产业的发展也具有积极的启示意义。  相似文献   

古希腊竞技体育中暴力因素的文化学解读     

于华 《体育学刊》2011,(5):43-47

古希腊体育活动中暴力一直是其发展的主线。由古希腊种种体育竞技赛会起源的神话传说可以看出古希腊人性中对暴力的推崇。在荷马史诗的暴力描述中折射出古希腊人多种族混融过程的艰难与血腥。由于古希腊奴隶城邦制迫使军事化体育活动成为古希腊人生活的一种常态,这种生存状态无形中构成了古希腊人暴力体育竞技的基础。最终古希腊人将暴力与文明共同融合在竞技体育之中,相互约束、相互牵制,达到一种完美的动态平衡。  相似文献