Discussion of competences at university level: review of the competency profile of social educators / Discusión de competencias en el ámbito universitario: revisión del perfil del educador social     

María-Dolores Eslava-Suanes  Ignacio González-López  Carlota de-León-Huertas 《Cultura y Educación》2018,30(2):393-413

Training in competences helps university students develop in a comprehensive way that is oriented towards working in their chosen profession. The profession focused on in this study is that of social educator. Degree programmes related to this profession are relatively new and their implementation is also open to variation. As a result of this, a review of the competency profile of the profession is considered necessary. The study presented here aims to validate the competences of this profession by means of expert judgement. The panel of experts assesses the relevance and clarity of each element, as well as giving their opinions on them. The contributions provided result in a set of qualitative and quantitative data whose analysis helps to redefine a profile comprising 23 competences distributed across two dimensions: basic competences (14) and professional competences (9).  相似文献   

战略科学家典型特征量化评估：探索与实证研究          下载免费PDF全文

王昉  申金升  武虹  黄金霞  杨宝龙  芮啸  郭进京  李砚章  赵展一  陈玉菲  李世欣  齐硕 《中国科学院院刊》2023,38(10):1475-1489

培养造就更多的战略科学家,是实现我国高水平科技自立自强的重要命题。为响应中央要求,支撑对战略科学家的“选育留用”,文章综合采用胜任力模型的多种研究方法,基于国内外155位标杆人物的典型案例,构建战略科学家典型特征量化分析指标体系,并选取297家国家重点实验室的720名领军人才作为战略科学家后备力量代表,对指标体系进行实证分析。研究发现,我国战略科学家后备力量代表与标杆人物相比,存在战略眼光与实践能力方面差距显著、企业战略科学家力量偏弱、学科分布与我国发展战略需求错配等问题,并据此提出了相关对策和建议。  相似文献   

注射用硫酸头孢匹罗无菌检查方法学验证     

董莹  张新元 《黑龙江科技信息》2010,(7):175-175

建立注射用硫酸头孢匹罗的无菌检查方法。本试验参照《中国药典》2005年版二部无菌检查法进行试验。结果表明注射用硫酸头孢匹罗具有抑菌作用。采用验证过的试验方法进行注射用硫酸头孢匹罗的无菌检查可行。  相似文献   

太阳能-地源热泵系统的交替运行特性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨卫波  陈振乾  施明恒 《东南大学学报》2010,26(2):327-332

为了探讨太阳能-地源热泵系统的交替运行特性,提出并定义了各交替运行模式,建立了交替运行时考虑冻融相变的U形埋管周围土壤传热模型.基于对该模型的数值求解,探讨了各交替运行模式下地下埋管周围土壤温度的变化趋势.结果表明：各交替运行模式均可有效改善埋管周围土壤温度的恢复效果,对于无太阳能补热的昼夜交替与短时间间隔交替运行模式,在以24h为交替运行周期时,其太阳能热源承担的时间比例可控制在50%～58%;同时,利用日间太阳能补热来强制土壤温度的恢复,可有效克服土壤温度的自然恢复缺陷,与其他交替模式综合使用可达最佳运行效果.此外,利用钻孔壁实测数据对所建模型的预测精度进行了验证.研究结论可为太阳能-地源热泵系统的优化运行提供参考.  相似文献   

Factorial and convergent validity of the Exercise Identity Scale in a German adult sample     

Fabienne Ennigkeit  Frank Hänsel 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2018,22(4):343-355

The purpose of the present study was to examine the factorial and convergent validity of the German translation of the Exercise Identity Scale (EIS; Anderson & Cychosz, 1994). We introduce a bifactor model as a possible alternative to the previously discussed one- and two-factor models. Using an online study with 530 participants, our results suggest that the EIS should be considered a unidimensional measure. For this one-factor model, temporal invariance (time interval: 2 weeks) and invariance between men and women could be established. Relations to similar constructs were in the expected directions. We provide a psychometrically sound German version of the EIS, which demonstrated factorial and convergent validity in this study. The use of the scale in German samples is likely to advance research on exercise adoption and maintenance by integrating the exercise identity construct.  相似文献   

Development and validation of Coaches’ Interpersonal Style Questionnaire     

Juan J. Pulido  David Sánchez-Oliva  Francisco M. Leo  Jorge Sánchez-Cano  Tomás García-Calvo 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2018,22(1):25-37

Purpose: The objectives were to develop and validate the Coaches’ Interpersonal Style Questionnaire. The Coaches’ Interpersonal Style Questionnaire analyzes the interpersonal style adopted by coaches when implementing their strategy of supporting or thwarting athletes’ basic psychological needs. Method: In Study 1, an exploratory factor analysis was performed with 265 Spanish male athletes, between 11- and 17-years-old, to confirm the internal structure of the questionnaire. Study 2 was conducted with 430 athletes, also between 11- and 17-years-old. Both confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling were used to test a set of alternative models to find the best measurement model. Results: The hierarchical exploratory structural equation modeling model showed the best fit to the data and acceptable standardized factor loadings. Concurrent validity was revealed through correlational analysis of the basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration. Conclusion: This study provides a multi-dimensional questionnaire to assess coaches’ interpersonal style perceived by athletes.  相似文献   

Novel mathematical model to estimate ball impact force in soccer     

Takahito Iga  Hiroyuki Nunome  Shinya Sano  Nahoko Sato  Yasuo Ikegami 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2018,17(4):477-493

To assess ball impact force during soccer kicking is important to quantify from both performance and chronic injury prevention perspectives. We aimed to verify the appropriateness of previous models used to estimate ball impact force and to propose an improved model to better capture the time history of ball impact force. A soccer ball was fired directly onto a force platform (10 kHz) at five realistic kicking ball velocities and ball behaviour was captured by a high-speed camera (5,000 Hz). The time history of ball impact force was estimated using three existing models and two new models. A new mathematical model that took into account a rapid change in ball surface area and heterogeneous ball deformation showed a distinctive advantage to estimate the peak forces and its occurrence times and to reproduce time history of ball impact forces more precisely, thereby reinforcing the possible mechanics of ‘footballer’s ankle’. Ball impact time was also systematically shortened when ball velocity increases in contrast to practical understanding for producing faster ball velocity, however, the aspect of ball contact time must be considered carefully from practical point of view.  相似文献   

Accuracy and precision of loadsol® insole force-sensors for the quantification of ground reaction force-based biomechanical running parameters     

Wolfgang Seiberl  Elisabeth Jensen  Josephine Merker  Marco Leitel  Ansgar Schwirtz 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(8):1100-1109

Force plates represent the “gold standard” in measuring running kinetics to predict performance or to identify the sources of running-related injuries. As these measurements are generally limited to laboratory analyses, wireless high-quality sensors for measuring in the field are needed. This work analysed the accuracy and precision of a new wireless insole forcesensor for quantifying running-related kinetic parameters. Vertical ground reaction force (GRF) was simultaneously measured with pit-mounted force plates (1?kHz) and loadsol^® sensors (100?Hz) under unshod forefoot and rearfoot running-step conditions. GRF data collections were repeated four times, each separated by 30 min treadmill running, to test influence of extended use. A repeated-measures ANOVA was used to identify differences between measurement devices. Additionally, mean bias and Bland–Altman limits of agreement (LoA) were calculated. We found a significant difference (p?® devices for these parameters. For these same parameters, the LoA analysis showed that 95% of all measurement differences between insole and force plate measurements were less than 12%, demonstrating high precision of the sensors. However, highly dynamic behaviour of GRF, such as force rate, is not yet sufficiently resolved by the insole devices, which is likely explained by the low sampling rate.  相似文献   

An accurate estimation of the horizontal acceleration of a rower’s centre of mass using inertial sensors: a validation     

Lotte L. Lintmeijer  Gert S. Faber  Hessel R. Kruk  A. J. “Knoek” van Soest  Mathijs J. Hofmijster 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(7):940-946

For a valid determination of a rower’s mechanical power output, the anterior–posterior (AP) acceleration of a rower’s centre of mass (CoM) is required. The current study was designed to evaluate the accuracy of the determination of this acceleration using a full-body inertial measurement units (IMUs) suit in combination with a mass distribution model. Three methods were evaluated. In the first two methods, IMU data were combined with either a subject-specific mass distribution or a standard mass distribution model for athletes. In the third method, a rower’s AP CoM acceleration was estimated using a single IMU placed at the pelvis.

Experienced rowers rowed on an ergometer that was placed on two force plates, while wearing a full-body IMUs suit. Correspondence values between AP CoM acceleration based on IMU data (the three methods) and AP CoM acceleration obtained from force plate data (reference) were calculated. Good correspondence was found between the reference AP CoM acceleration and the AP CoM accelerations determined using IMU data in combination with the subject-specific mass model and the standard mass model (intraclass correlation coefficients [ICC] >?0.988 and normalized root mean square errors [nRMSE]?3.81%). Correspondence was lower for the AP CoM accelerations determined using a single pelvis IMU (0.877?Based on these results, we recommend determining a rower’s AP CoM acceleration using IMUs in combination with the standard mass model. Finally, we conclude that accurate determination of a rower’s AP CoM acceleration is not possible on the basis of the pelvis acceleration only.  相似文献   

Physical Performance Tests in Job Selection a Model for Empirical Validation     

Richard A. Washburn  Margaret J. Safrit 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):267-270

Abstract

The aim of this study was to establish the net energy cost of dribbling a soccer ball. Eight male footballers ran for 5 min on a treadmill at speeds of 9, 10.5, 12 and 13.5km ·h ^–1 while dribbling a football against a rebound box; running at each of these speeds without the ball constituted controls. Oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O ₂ ), perceived exertion (RPE) and blood lactate levels were measured and compared between the two conditions. The energy expended increased linearly with speed for both exercise modes, the mean increment of 1.24 kcal·min ^–1 caused by dribbling being independent of the speed of motion. Individual differences in efficiency of dribbling could not be explained by considering different patterns of stride characteristics. Similarly, RPE showed a constant elevation for dribbling over running at each speed, and a linear increase with speed of motion for both modes. Blood lactate increased disproportionately with speed for dribbling, onset of metabolic acidosis being attained at a lower speed for the experimental task. It was concluded that dribbling a ball does significantly increase the energy cost and perceived exertion of motion, as well as inducing disproportionate rises in blood lactate when performed at high speeds.  相似文献