Compensatory changes in physical activity and sedentary time in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis     

Kelly A. Mackintosh  Nicola D. Ridgers  Melitta A. McNarry 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(13):1506-1511

Physical activity (PA) is a key element in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) treatment strategies, yet little is known as to whether activity compensation occurs. This study examined whether PA and/or sedentary time on one day were temporally associated with time spent in these intensities the following day in youth with CF. Time spent sedentary and in different PA intensities were objectively-measured for seven consecutive days in 50 youth (22 boys; 12.0 ± 2.7 years); 25 with mild-to-moderate CF and 25 age- and sex-matched controls. Multilevel analyses (day and child) were conducted using generalised linear latent and mixed models. On any given day, every additional 10 minutes spent in sedentary time or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were associated with 1.9 (95%CI: ?3.6 to ?1.2) and 12.4 (95%CI: ?22.1 to ?2.9) minutes less sedentary time the following day, respectively. These temporal associations were also observed when split by group (3.1 vs. 1.9 minutes for healthy and CF, respectively). These findings indicate that youth do not compensate their PA, irrespective of disease status, between days, but may compensate their sedentary time between days. Experimental studies are warranted to fully elucidate whether compensatory responses to PA and sedentary time occur, which is fundamental for informing PA promotion strategies.  相似文献   

普通高校体育课对大学生心肺功能影响的实验研究          下载免费PDF全文

高谊 《河北体育学院学报》2016,30(4):42-47

运用文献资料法、教学实验法和数理统计法,就高校体育课对大学生心肺功能的影响进行实验研究.结果显示:体育课能有效改善大学生的心肺功能;情感策略教学方法对大学生的心功能改善具有明显的促进作用,对肺功能FVC、FEV1.0、MVV等指标也有一定程度的提高作用,虽然不具显著性,但比传统教学方法仍显示出较大的优势.建议高校体育教学改革要以“促进青少年身心健康、体魄强健”为方向,以提高大学生体质健康水平为基础目标,创新教学模式和方法,不断优化教学效果.  相似文献   

有氧运动对慢性应激大鼠脑海马区神经可塑性的影响     

戈含笑  魏宏文  张有志  高颀  薛瑞  陈红霞 《北京体育大学学报》2017,40(5):39-45

摘要：目的：以神经元和神经胶质细胞相关神经生物学变化为切入点，探讨有氧运动对慢性应激大鼠脑海马区神经可塑性的影响。方法：以SD大鼠为研究对象，按照体重均衡分为对照组（CON）、慢性应激模型组（MOD）、氟西汀组（FLU）、低强度运动组（LIR）和中等强度运动组（MIR）。给予大鼠4周慢性应激，并分别伴随氟西汀给药、低强度或者中等强度的运动干预。4周后，通过开场实验、蔗糖饮水实验、新奇抑制摄食实验以及新物体识别实验检测运动对慢性应激大鼠抑郁样行为、焦虑样行为以及认知障碍的影响；同时，利用酶联免疫法和蛋白免疫印迹法，检测运动对慢性应激大鼠血清皮质酮、海马内前炎因子IL1-β，以及蛋白GFAP、S100β、BDNF、p-ERK、p-CREB表达的影响，探讨运动抗抑郁的行为学效应和作用机制。结果：1）低强度和中等强度运动能够显著增加慢性应激大鼠的开场活动、缩短新奇抑制摄食潜伏期，同时提高慢性应激大鼠新物体的识别指数；2）运动有效逆转了慢性应激大鼠血清皮质酮的异常升高，同时降低海马内前炎性因子IL1-β的分泌；3）运动可显著星形胶质细胞的标志性功能蛋白GFAP和S100β的表达水平，增强慢性应激大鼠的BDNF/ERK/CREB信号转导通路中重要蛋白BDNF、p-ERK、p-CREB的表达。结论：运动可以通过提高慢性应激大鼠脑海马区神经可塑性来达到抗抑郁的目的。可能与以下因素有关：1）运动调节血清皮质酮的异常升高，降低海马内前炎性因子的释放，同时，提高与神经胶质细胞相关蛋白GFAP和S100β活性，从而起到神经元保护的作用；2）运动可以通过激活CREB，BDNF以及ERK等重要信号蛋白的表达，提高神经营养作用，促进神经元的生长，增加神经可塑性和神经发生来发挥抗抑郁作用。  相似文献   

Objective and subjective methods for quantifying training load in wheelchair basketball small-sided games     

Aitor Iturricastillo  Cristina Granados  Asier Los Arcos  Javier Yanci 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(8):749-755

The aim of the present study was to analyse the training load in wheelchair basketball small-sided games and determine the relationship between heart rate (HR)-based training load and perceived exertion (RPE)-based training load methods among small-sided games bouts. HR-based measurements of training load included Edwards’ training load and Stagno’s training impulses (TRIMP_MOD) while RPE-based training load measurements included cardiopulmonary (session RPEres) and muscular (session RPEmus) values. Data were collected from 12 wheelchair basketball players during five consecutive weeks. The total load for the small-sided games sessions was 67.5 ± 6.7 and 55.3 ± 12.5 AU in HR-based training load (Edwards’ training load and TRIMP_MOD), while the RPE-based training loads were 99.3 ± 26.9 (session RPEres) and 100.8 ± 31.2 AU (session RPEmus). Bout-to-bout analysis identified greater session RPEmus in the third [P < 0.05; effect size (ES) = 0.66, moderate] and fourth bouts (P < 0.05; ES = 0.64, moderate) than in the first bout, but other measures did not differ. Mean correlations indicated a trivial and small relationship among HR-based and RPE-based training loads. It is suggested that HR-based and RPE-based training loads provide different information, but these two methods could be complementary because one method could help us to understand the limitations of the other.  相似文献   

全真道哲学的意蕴及其理论底色     

丁原明 《商丘师范学院学报》2012,(7):32-37

"真性"论、"真心"论和"真行"论,堪称标识全真道哲学思想特征的三个基本环节。这三个基本环节既表征着"全真"哲学的逻辑建构,又分别从本体论、功夫炼养论和思想、道德行为方面折射着该哲学的意蕴和去伪存真的理论底色。在今天的改革大潮面前,全真道倘若选择向其早期优秀哲学传统回归的路径,可能更有益于其发展。  相似文献   

建筑结构质量缺陷与质量事故界定     

蔡建平 《福建工程学院学报》2005,3(3):258-261,267

主要从理论上界定质量缺陷和质量事故，并探讨减少质量缺陷、避免质量事故之对策。  相似文献   

语用失误及其对英语教学的启示   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

傅春晖  杨芳 《湖南科技学院学报》2005,26(10):290-291

本文考察了语用失误的研究情况.作者从更宽的层面进一步讨论了“什么是语用失误”,指出了语用失误形成的原因.最后,作者指出,在英语教学中,引入语用学理论,培养学生的语用能力对提高学习者的交际能力是重要的和必要的.  相似文献   

心衰康煎液对阿霉素心衰模型大鼠心肌的影响     

季增荣  金春亭  王淑强  王陶冶 《河北北方学院学报(医学版)》2001,18(6):10-11

目的观察中药复方制剂"心衰康煎液"对心衰大鼠心脏血流动力学的影响及心肌细胞的病理学改变.方法利用pclab实验记录分析系统观察和分析各实验组大鼠左心室内压、对大鼠心肌切片H.E染色镜下观察.结果心衰康使心衰得到明显改善,心肌细胞无明显变性、坏死.结论中药复方"心衰康煎液"对心衰大鼠的心肌病变有明显改善,从而产生良好的抗心衰作用.结论  相似文献   

Alterations in autonomic cardiac modulation in response to normobaric hypoxia     

David Giles  John Kelly 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):1023-1031

Purpose: The present study aimed to determine if autonomic cardiac modulation was influenced by acute exposure to normobaric hypoxia. Method: Ten healthy male lowland dwellers completed five block-randomised single-blinded, crossed-over acute exposures to a normobaric hypoxic environment, each separated by 24 hours’ recovery (20.3%, 17.4%, 14.5%, 12.0% and 9.8% F_IO₂). Supine recordings were made of arterial oxygen saturation and electrocardiogram (ECG). RR intervals from the ECG trace were analysed for time (SDNN, lnrMSSD), frequency (lnVLF, lnLF, lnHF, lnTP, LFnu, and HFnu), and nonlinear (DFA-α1 and SampEn) heart rate variability components. Results: A significant reduction in arterial SaO₂ occurred with reduced F_IO₂, along with a rise in heart rate (Cohen’s d?=?1.16, 95% Confidence Interval [2.64–6.46]), significant at 9.8% F_IO₂. A decrease in autonomic cardiac modulation was also found as shown by a statistically significant (at 9.8% F_IO₂) decrease in lnTP (d?=?1.84 [1.74–1.94]), and SampEn (d?=?0.98 [0.83–1.12]) and an increase in DFA-α₁ (d?=?0.72 [0.60–0.84]) from normoxia at 9.8% F_IO₂. Conclusion: The decrease in variability indicated a reduction in autonomic cardiac modulation. There appears to be a threshold ～9.8% F_IO₂ (～6000?m equiv.), below which significant alterations in autonomic control occur.  相似文献   

商贸口译中的语用失误例析     

彭坚  卢立程 《徐特立研究(长沙师范专科学校学报)》2005,(4):31-36

本文以语用学的语用失误理论为指导，通过对商贸口译中存在的语用失误现象的研究，探讨了商贸口译中语用失误的表现形式及其成因，并说明了这些语用失误对口译交流可能造成的负面影响。  相似文献