Four pitfalls in normalizing citation indicators: An investigation of ESI’s selection of highly cited papers     

Zhigang Hu  Wencan Tian  Shenmeng Xu  Chunbo Zhang  Xianwen Wang 《Journal of Informetrics》2018,12(4):1133-1145

InCites Essential Science Indicators is becoming increasingly used to identify top-performing research and evaluate the impact of institutes. Unfortunately, our study shows that ESI indicators, as well as other normalized citation indicators, have the following flaws. First, the publication month and the online-to-print delay affect a paper’s probability of becoming a Highly Cited Paper (HCP). Papers published in the earlier months of the year are more likely to accumulate enough citation counts to rank at the top 1% compared with those published in later months of the year. Papers with longer online-to-print delays have an apparent advantage for being selected as HCPs. Research field normalizations lead to the third pitfall. Different research fields have different citation thresholds for HCPs, making research field classification important for a journal. In addition, the uniform thresholds for both articles and reviews in ESI affect the reliability of HCP selection because, on average, reviews tend to have higher citation rates than articles. ESI’s selection of HCPs provides an intuitive feel for the problems of normalized citation impact indicators, such as those provided in InCites and SciVal.  相似文献   

美国科技博物馆展览开发中公众参与的研究及启示          下载免费PDF全文

郭佳雯 《自然科学博物馆研究》2018,(1):93-100

展览开发是博物馆展览的基础问题,随着公众参与逐渐被提上研究议程,也促使我们去思考展览开发过程中如何引入公众参与。美国的科技博物馆展览开发已经建立了较为完善的公众参与体系:明确的参与者角色、系统的参与理念和阶段式的参与行为,已经获得了普遍的应用。借鉴美国博物馆的经验,我国博物馆展览的开发,应在构建展览评估体系的基础上,进一步了解和认识公众,拓展公众参与的方式,并不断寻求公众的声音。  相似文献   

科学博物馆与科学中心——发展历史及其根源①          下载免费PDF全文

伯纳德·希尔著高秋芳 《自然科学博物馆研究》2018,(1):84-92

本文以科学博物馆和科学中心的发展阶段为线索,综述了几个世纪以来科学传播的历史发展,阐述了科学实践如何嵌入到博物馆的展览实践之中并从中发展起来,以及关于科学在社会中的地位的观念变化如何在科学博物馆和科学中心得到反映,还展现了日益受到关注的科学传播如何在科学博物馆和科学中心层面体现出以公众需求为本。  相似文献   

当前科学教育几种主要价值取向评析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LIU Ke-wen 《教育理论与实践》2007,(15)

20世纪中叶以来,科学技术的迅猛发展,引起了人们社会生活各个方面的极大变革。这种变革对中小学科学教育观念产生了极大的影响,进而导致科学教育的价值取向也随之发生了变化,概括起来目前主要有四种科学教育价值取向,即培养"英才"的科学教育价值取向、人本主义科学教育价值取向、STS教育价值取向和培养学生科学素养的价值取向。  相似文献   

Racial contacts across the Pacific and the creation of minzoku in the Japanese empire     

Noriaki Hoshino 《Inter-Asia Cultural Studies》2016,17(2):186-205

Focusing on the work of the Japanese sociologist Koyama Eizō, this paper critically explores the development of Japanese race studies from the late 1920s to the 1940s. During this period, Japanese intellectual discourses on race developed in the context of the need to manage heterogeneous populations within the Japanese empire and contain the growing mobility of populations in and outside of the territory. Reflecting Koyama’s keen interest in racial/ethnic contacts and interdisciplinary perspectives, his intellectual work symptomatically exemplifies not only the convergence of knowledge production and the dominant imperial regime but also the transpacific implications of Japanese race studies. On the one hand, my study examines Koyama’s preoccupation with racial/ethnic contacts in relation to imperial security and also traces how his study intersected with the discourse of American social scientists who were also interested in Japanese migrations. On the other hand, the study examines how the development of the idea of minzoku in Koyama’s discourse coincided with contemporaneous attempts to mobilize diverse populations in the empire. Thus, my research reveals a complex dynamic of integration and differentiation in discourse on Japanese race studies in the interwar era.  相似文献   

谈高职院校计算机专业毕业论文（设计）的改革     

曹福德 《山东商业职业技术学院学报》2011,11(4):54-57

当前,我国高校毕业论文（设计）存在抄袭、拼凑成风的不良现象,结合高职院校计算机专业毕业论文指导工作的现实情况,有针对性地提出了基于工作过程的改革方法,在实践中让学生自主选题,形式上不拘一格,并且规范写作与指导流程,使得毕业论文（设计）真正地为学生服务。  相似文献   

E.E. Fournier d’Albe’s Fin de siècle: Science,Nationalism and Monistic Philosophy in Britain and Ireland     

Ian B. Stewart 《Cultural and Social History》2017,14(5):599-620

The fin de siècle witnessed radical shifts in the intellectual and cultural landscapes of the British Isles in the context of a general revolt against Victorian values. E. E. Fournier d’Albe – physicist, spiritualist, inventor and Pan-Celticist – personified the ability of intellectuals to latch onto and advance new trends, made available by the emergent intellectual pluralism. Like many contemporaries he rejected traditional religion, but he also disdained scientific materialism, and sought a deeper metaphysical meaning to life, pursued through his various interests. Influenced by the totalising theories of figures like Herbert Spencer and Ernst Haeckel, Fournier concocted his own brand of scientific monism, rejecting materialism, embracing spiritualism, and ever optimistic in the notion of scientific progress, even in the wake of the carnage of the Great War. The article aims to give Fournier a fuller historical treatment, allowing his story to add to understanding of the milieus in which he lived and operated, and revealing how his monistic philosophy incorporated some of the disparate cultural strands explored by intellectuals in the fin de siècle reaction against conventional Victorian ideals.  相似文献   

Elementary school children’s understanding of science: The implementation of an extracurricular science intervention     

《Contemporary educational psychology》2017

The promotion of students’ achievement and competence in the so-called STEM disciplines is one cornerstone of current educational research and practice. In particular, as early as elementary school, the fostering of an adequate understanding of science is a normative goal of science education. It facilitates students’ science learning and enables them to understand the nature and development of scientific knowledge. Based on the relevance of the promotion of young children’s understanding of science, a corresponding science intervention was recently developed and successfully evaluated in a first study under highly controlled conditions. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of this intervention when implemented in practice. One hundred seventeen third- and fourth-grade students and 10 trained course instructors participated in this study. We applied a randomized block design with waitlist control groups and repeated measures. The results revealed that children assigned to the intervention compared with children assigned to the waitlist control group showed better inquiry-related methodological competencies (a better understanding of the scientific inquiry cycle and experimentation strategies) and a higher need for cognition. The findings point to the successful implementation of the intervention and are compared with the results of the first study.  相似文献   

情报学取向的“数据科学与大数据技术”专业人才培养     

陈沫  李广建  陈聪聪 《图书情报工作》2019,63(12):5-11

[目的/意义]情报学作为计算性较强的人文社科学科，具备数据科学的特点，大数据相关技术能为情报学提供有效手段，因此，设立情报学取向的"数据科学与大数据技术"专业，培养具有大数据思维和扎实的情报学专业基础、掌握大数据处理技术及分析理论、并能将其应用于情报学理论与实践的复合型人才，能够促进情报学学科发展。[方法/过程]对国内外大数据相关专业的培养目标和课程设置模式进行调研，总结学科教育发展特色，结合国内的教学资源情况，设计情报学取向的大数据专业人才培养计划。[结果/结论]情报学与大数据既有联系又有不同，情报学为大数据提供了基础研究方法，促进了多源数据融合，拓宽了大数据的应用领域；大数据为情报学研究提供了更多的可能性、丰富了研究方法，提升了研究效率、扩大了研究范围。情报学取向的大数据与数据科学专业人才的培养，既有其必要性，又有其不可替代性。学科体系需进一步改革创新，设立更多紧密结合大数据与情报学专业的新兴课程，如文献大数据分析、用户大数据研究等，系统地培养学生将情报学领域知识与计算机技术和大数据技术融合创新的能力。  相似文献   

经济全球化与我国体育科技产业海外发展研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

李少兰 《广州体育学院学报》2017,37(1):51-53

国际政治与经济发展的种种变革促成了今天经济的全球化发展态势,在高度发达的互联网技术以及文化多元化的国际文化价值观的双重影响下,经济全球化已从一种“趋势”发展成为了今天的显示,这种新态势迫使各国都在开发市场的同时,努力输出自己的产业,提升自身在全球化中的影响力.我国体育科技发展水平在举国体制的支撑下迅速发展,如同我国竞技体育水平一样,在很多方面处于国际领先地位.以人才和软科学输出为先导,带动实体产品的输出,同时,加强国内和国际市场的统一开发与把握,是我国体育科技产业海外发展的可行之路.  相似文献