Dealing with disagreement: The roles of topic familiarity and disagreement explanation in evaluation of conflicting expert claims and sources     

《Learning and Instruction》2020

Learners may increasingly encounter conflicting expert reports. However, little is known about how they deal with this challenge. We examined how learners' familiarity with a controversial historical topic affects their epistemic judgments of conflicting expert claims and sources, the interplay of their claim and source evaluation strategies, and their meta-epistemic understanding of the legitimacy of the disagreement (absolutist, multiplist, and evaluativist perspectives). In two studies, topic familiarity increased agreement with belief-consistent expert claims and the perceived trustworthiness of the expert who presented these claims. Topic familiarity also impacted the coordination of evaluation strategies and led to greater reliance on knowledge-based validation. However, topic familiarity did not affect meta-epistemic understanding of the legitimacy of the controversy. In the second study, reading an explanation about reasons for disagreements between historians resulted in higher evaluativism. Teaching about expert disagreement may be a productive approach for promoting appreciation of the diversity of knowledge.  相似文献   

Surveying Northeastern Pennsylvania: Contextualizing the Flower-Walker Collection at the Tioga Point Museum     

John J. Swab  Todd Babcock 《Journal of Map & Geography Libraries》2018,14(1):9-20

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Granularity of algorithmically constructed publication-level classifications of research publications: Identification of topics     

Peter Sjögårde  Per Ahlgren 《Journal of Informetrics》2018,12(1):133-152

The purpose of this study is to find a theoretically grounded, practically applicable and useful granularity level of an algorithmically constructed publication-level classification of research publications (ACPLC). The level addressed is the level of research topics. The methodology we propose uses synthesis papers and their reference articles to construct a baseline classification. A dataset of about 31 million publications, and their mutual citations relations, is used to obtain several ACPLCs of different granularity. Each ACPLC is compared to the baseline classification and the best performing ACPLC is identified. The results of two case studies show that the topics of the cases are closely associated with different classes of the identified ACPLC, and that these classes tend to treat only one topic. Further, the class size variation is moderate, and only a small proportion of the publications belong to very small classes. For these reasons, we conclude that the proposed methodology is suitable to determine the topic granularity level of an ACPLC and that the ACPLC identified by this methodology is useful for bibliometric analyses.  相似文献   

Diverse socio-technical aspects of a digital archive of Aboriginal languages     

Catherine Bow 《档案与原稿》2019,47(1):94-112

ABSTRACT

A socio-technical approach is taken to explore a digital archive of Australian Indigenous cultural heritage. The Living Archive of Aboriginal Languages is considered in terms of what it is currently doing and what it was intended to do. Two ethnographic stories focusing on user interactions and the outcomes of an online survey serve to evaluate the effectiveness of the Archive from the perspective of different users. This is then juxtaposed with a consideration of the original grant application, outlining what was envisaged for the project. This analysis serves to highlight some of the contingent relations and diverse socio-technical aspects of a specific knowledge infrastructure, as it allows multiple forms of interaction, new connections and generative activities as people discover, access and interact with the content now and into the future.  相似文献   

立足地域特色与资源优势优化创新选题思路--新疆图书选题存在的问题与发展对策     

姚永春  宋文静 《出版科学》2016,24(3):47-51

分析新疆出版业图书选题存在的问题,指出新疆具有浓郁的地域特色和丰富的民族文化资源,图书选题策划应当充分发挥地域特色和资源优势,着力策划民族语言类、非物质遗产类、“一带一路”类选题,繁荣区域文化,打造有新疆特色的民族出版业。  相似文献   

Comparison of three web-scale discovery services for health sciences research     

Rosie Hanneke  Kelly K. O'Brien 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2016,104(2):109-117

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relative effectiveness of three web-scale discovery (WSD) tools in answering health sciences search queries.

Methods

Simple keyword searches, based on topics from six health sciences disciplines, were run at multiple real-world implementations of EBSCO Discovery Service (EDS), Ex Libris''s Primo, and ProQuest''s Summon. Each WSD tool was evaluated in its ability to retrieve relevant results and in its coverage of MEDLINE content.

Results

All WSD tools returned between 50%–60% relevant results. Primo returned a higher number of duplicate results than the other 2 WSD products. Summon results were more relevant when search terms were automatically mapped to controlled vocabulary. EDS indexed the largest number of MEDLINE citations, followed closely by Summon. Additionally, keyword searches in all 3 WSD tools retrieved relevant material that was not found with precision (Medical Subject Headings) searches in MEDLINE.

Conclusions

None of the 3 WSD products studied was overwhelmingly more effective in returning relevant results. While difficult to place the figure of 50%–60% relevance in context, it implies a strong likelihood that the average user would be able to find satisfactory sources on the first page of search results using a rudimentary keyword search. The discovery of additional relevant material beyond that retrieved from MEDLINE indicates WSD tools'' value as a supplement to traditional resources for health sciences researchers.  相似文献   

Provider documentation of patient education: a lean investigation     

Jean P. Shipman  Erica W. Lake  Jessica Van Der Volgen  Darrin Doman 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2016,104(2):154-158

Purpose

The study evaluates how providers give patient education materials and identifies improvements to comply with Meaningful Use (MU) requirements.

Methods

Thirty-eight patient-provider interactions in two health care outpatient clinics were observed.

Results

Providers do not uniformly know MU patient education requirements. Providers have individual preferences and find gaps in what is available. Accessing and documenting patient education varies among providers. Embedded electronic health record (EHR) materials, while available, have technical access barriers.

Conclusions

Providers'' EHR skills and knowledge levels contribute to non-standardized patient education delivery.  相似文献   

Placing wireless tablets in clinical settings for patient education     

Judy C. Stribling  Joshua E. Richardson 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2016,104(2):159-164

Objective

The authors explored the feasibility and possible benefit of tablet-based educational materials for patients in clinic waiting areas.

Methods

We distributed eight tablets preloaded with diagnosis-relevant information in two clinic waiting areas. Patients were surveyed about satisfaction, usability, and effects on learning. Technical issues were resolved.

Results

Thirty-seven of forty patients completed the survey. On average, the patients were satisfied in all categories.

Conclusions

Placing tablet-based educational materials in clinic waiting areas is relatively easy to implement. Patients using tablets reported satisfaction across three domains: usability, education, and satisfaction.  相似文献   

基于CiteSpace的智慧校园研究热点及发展趋势分析     

张立春  金亚飞 《数字教育》2020,(2):22-26

智慧校园是教育信息化2.0背景下数字校园发展的高级形态与必然趋势,以面向老师与学生个性化服务为理念,在云计算、大数据及物联网等技术支持下,全面感知外部环境,能够支持教学管理、评价与智能决策的教育教学环境和舒适的生活环境。本文使用引文可视化工具CiteSpace提取智慧校园相关研究的高频关键词,构建关键词共现图谱、关键词聚类图谱,对智慧校园研究相关热点进行分析,发现智慧校园的研究存在着诸如数据保护力度不足、缺少评价研究等问题,所以需要采取积极的应对措施,如发展评价研究、保护数据隐私等,将智慧校园的研究成果应用到实践过程中,以实现更有效、更高效的教与学。通过对知识图谱进行分析,总结出智慧校园的研究呈增长型趋势,并且有从理论知识研究转向实践应用研究、管理与评价范畴研究逐渐显现的趋势,智慧校园将随着技术的更迭、时代的发展而持续深入地发展。  相似文献   

2005-2009年我国高校“以教师为选题”的研究状况分析——以4958篇硕博士论文为样本     

费广洪  赵嘉茹 《陕西师范大学继续教育学报》2011,(2)

本文采用统计学及内容分析法对2005-2009我国高校硕士及博士的4958篇学位论文进行了定量和定性分析。结果显示:(1)选题总体上研究主题集中,但是呈现重理论轻实践、重质的分析轻量的证明、重追随轻前瞻、重国内轻国际等特点;(2)4958篇学位论文的样本主要涉及教师素质、教师知识、教师教育、教师观念和行为、教师相关能力、教师心理、教师专业发展、教师评价、教师角色、教师管理等13个主题;(3)研究方法主要有专题论述、质的研究、量的研究及混合研究四种分类。其中,教师教育、教师观念、教师心理与行为和教师专业发展是研究的热点。  相似文献