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旅行售货员问题是一个著名的组合优化问题,已经被证明是NP-完备问题。提出一个新问题:瓶颈旅行售货员问题,并给出两个多项式时间算法。 相似文献
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复杂过程系统具有初始条件敏感、过程开放、目标多元三个基本特性。教育过程是一个复杂的过程系统,因为它实际上正是一个初始条件敏感,与环境有物质、能量与信息交流的,目标多元的开放系统。初始条件的多样与变异是构成教育过程复杂性的基本条件,过程中不确定变量的扰动导致教育过程的不断震荡,目标的多元与游离牵引着教育过程走向难以预测。这三者构成了教育过程的复杂性。教育过程的复杂性导致技术难以对教育过程给予预设的控制,也很难通过精确分析来设计和开发解决教育问题的通用方案,因而制约着技术化方式解决教育问题的可能与成效。不能过分夸大技术对教育变革的作用,运用技术变革教育需要依赖对教育过程复杂性的正确认识。教育过程的复杂性应是提出、认识和思考教育问题,制定解决教育问题策略方案的基本依据之一。利用技术为学习者构建个性化学习环境以及柔性教育方案乃是技术变革教育的可能途径。 相似文献
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针对车间调度问题计算复杂度较高的特点,将协同进化多目标优化算法应用于车间调度问题。计算实例结果表明,协同进化多目标优化算法应用于车间调度问题不仅可以优化效果,而且能够在一定程度上提高计算效率。 相似文献
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董英东 《毕节师范高等专科学校学报》2013,(8):1-7
通常情况下,不止一个联结词的任意逻辑系统都可以看作是由比它具有更少的联结词的逻辑系统组合而成。特别地,任意的多模态逻辑都可以看作是由单模态逻辑组合而成。所以,在该层含义下,任意的多模态逻辑都可以看作是由模态逻辑组合的结果。组合模态逻辑的方法,主要包括融合的方法和更新积的方法。运用组合模态逻辑的方法,不能随意地构造越来越庞大的逻辑系统,而应该采用尽量简单的方法,构造出符合需要的逻辑系统。 相似文献
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道德负熵是对道德系统演化产生有序性、确定性、能量有效性等进化状态或趋向的量度。道德负熵系统是基于复杂系统理论和熵的辩证思想构建的复杂系统,是体现道德系统与环境相互联系、相互作用的进化系统。道德负熵系统通过一定的价值观念、原则或规范控制道德系统与环境及其要素的相互联系和相互作用,实现系统组织塑造、价值信息运作、因果关系协同等结构与功能,不断克服熵增。深入探究道德负熵系统对道德系统与环境的进化影响,能够为新时代思想道德建设提供积极的启示。 相似文献
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This article which is largely conceptual in nature, explores the possibilities provided by embracing complexity thinking that are attentive to, but not confined by, externally imposed curriculum mandates while simultaneously honoring the interests and needs of individual students and the classroom collective. From this perspective, the ideas of negotiating authority, adopting a holistic view, engaging in participatory democratic practices, and using a project-based approach to learning are examined. In doing so, the concept of ‘activity frames’ is introduced and developed as a useful way of responding to curriculum mandates while being responsive to and respectful of individual and collective student learning agendas. 相似文献
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Today’s learners are engaging in study where access to knowledge is easier than it ever has been in human history. Rapid advancement of technology and the increasing ease with which communication and interaction can occur has dramatically changed the landscape in which teachers of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) operate. The contemporary skills that students are required to possess include inter alia problem solving, creativity, teamwork abilities, communication skills and emotional intelligence. Despite the universal acceptance of their importance, these skills are commonly cited as underdeveloped and in addition, are still accompanied by outmoded ‘traditional’ forms of teaching and assessment. While the approaches of twentieth-century education were successful in developing knowledge stores, the ubiquity of access to knowledge—coupled with the constantly changing nature of the world today—requires alternative conceptions of teaching and learning. This article focuses primarily on an exploration of learning metaphors and teaching with the overall lens of creating self-regulated and furthermore, self-determined learners. The article begins with an exploration of learning in STEM education and a critique of the pedagogical perspective, discussing why this epistemology may be insufficient for contemporary STEM learning. The article then considers an alternative and potentially more contemporary notion; the emergent pedagogic space. The article presents a theoretical model to conceptualise learning in STEM education, with the goal of informing both practice and research. The realisation of this proposed emergent pedagogical space is explored through an applied case study from a design and technology context. 相似文献
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当前,信息技术与课程整合成为了教学改革的研究热点,该文对整合的思想以及整合实践中存在的一些典型问题进行了思考,旨在共同探讨实施整合的有效途径。 相似文献
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HAN Qing-peng WANG Ping 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2007,8(8):1256-1262
The PP intervals of pulse main peaks from healthy and unhealthy people(arrhythmia) have different nonlinear char-acteristics. In this paper,the extraction of PP intervals of pulse main peaks is achieved by picking up P peaks of pulse wave with wavelet transform. Furthermore,several nonlinear parameters(correlative dimensions,maximum Lyapunov exponents,com-plexity and approximate entropy) of the PP intervals of pulse main peaks extracted from normal and unhealthy pulse signals are calculated,with the results showing that these nonlinear parameters calculated from the main wave interval signals are helpful for analyzing human's health state and diagnosing heart diseases. 相似文献