Managing What We Can Measure: Quantifying the Susceptibility of Automated Scoring Systems to Gaming Behavior     

Derrick Higgins  Michael Heilman 《Educational Measurement》2014,33(3):36-46

As methods for automated scoring of constructed‐response items become more widely adopted in state assessments, and are used in more consequential operational configurations, it is critical that their susceptibility to gaming behavior be investigated and managed. This article provides a review of research relevant to how construct‐irrelevant response behavior may affect automated constructed‐response scoring, and aims to address a gap in that literature: the need to assess the degree of risk before operational launch. A general framework is proposed for evaluating susceptibility to gaming, and an initial empirical demonstration is presented using the open‐source short‐answer scoring engines from the Automated Student Assessment Prize (ASAP) Challenge.  相似文献   

Children's responses to the interactivity of storybook apps in family shared reading events involving the iPad          下载免费PDF全文

《Literacy》2017,51(1):44-52

This paper reports on some data on the effects of screen‐based interactivity on children's engagement with storybook apps during family shared book reading that were gathered in a 2‐year, small‐scale ethnographic case study in Spain. Data analysis focuses on the complex interplay between the storybook app's interactive features and the children's responses to them. Our findings show that interactive elements increase the child's autonomy, as they tend to promote the importance of the reader, positioning him or her as a collaborator, storyteller, an author or an internal character in the fiction; something that can materialise in exciting narrative strategies that can trigger powerful responses to digital literary texts in emergent readers, including playing, creating new fictions or engaging emotionally with the story. Finally, we argue that the Reader Response models that have been used over recent decades to understand children's reading experiences with storybooks need to be revised to better understand their current experiences with interactive texts.  相似文献   

从新课标看自主学习     

任清敏 《安顺师范高等专科学校学报》2005,7(1):7-8

学习必须主动、独立、创新,培养实际能力.自主学习是指具有自觉的意识和反应的学习方式.自主阅读是自主学习的关键.总结能力是自主学习非常重要的一个方面.自主学习是指教学条件下的学生的高品质的学习.  相似文献   

How to respond to journalists’ questions? A new perspective on Chinese premiers’ aggressiveness at press conferences (1993–2015)     

Feng Wu  Hong Zhao 《亚洲交流杂志》2016,26(5):446-465

This study extends the framework describing journalists’ aggressiveness at politicians’ press conference and develops five dimensions to measure politicians’ aggressiveness in response to journalists’ questions (initiative, directness, assertiveness, adversarialness, and accountability). Using the records from Chinese premiers’ press conferences (1993–2015), this research investigates five factors which might affect premiers’ aggressiveness: the administrative life cycle, economic conditions, journalists’ country of origin, the topic of questions, and number of questions. The results show that premiers exhibit less assertiveness during honeymoon periods and more assertiveness in other years. Premiers are more adversarial amid good economic growth but less adversarial during poor economic growth. They are more assertive and adversarial in response to questions related to politics and the military and less so in response to questions related to other areas. Premiers display more initiative and accountability toward journalists who ask more questions and less toward those who ask fewer questions. Premiers are more assertive and adversarial toward journalists from developed countries but less so toward those from developing countries. Over the past 23 years, premiers’ initiative, directness, and adversarialness have decreased while their accountability has gradually increased. The theoretical contributions of this research are discussed.  相似文献   

论色彩的心理效应   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李征 《石家庄职业技术学院学报》2004,16(3):45-48

色彩的心理效应主要表现在色彩表情、色彩联想、色彩象征等方面，不同色彩会导致不同的心理效应。  相似文献   

基于双传递函数模型的线性系统仿真分析     

龚昌来 《嘉应学院学报》2004,22(6):59-61

采用单个传递函数建立的单输入-单输出线性系统模型,仅能用于分析系统的零状态响应 文中采用双传递函数建立系统模型,可全面地分析系统的零状态响应、零输入响应及完全响应  相似文献   

Structural dynamic responses analysis applying differential quadrature method     

PU Jun-ping ZHENG Jian-jun 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2006,7(11):1831-1838

INTRODUCTION The differential quadrature method (DQM) was proposed by Bellman and Casti as an analogous ex- tension of the quadrature method for integrals (Bellman and Casti, 1971; Bellman et al., 1972). It can be essentially expressed as the values of the de- rivatives at each grid point as weighted linear sums approximately of the function values at all grid points within the domain under consideration. As a distinct numerical solution technique to obtain the initial and/or boundary …  相似文献   

发育过程中小鼠心、肝对热休克反应的组织化学研究     

朱会敏  吕蓓红 《安阳师范学院学报》2006,(2):86-87

本文取孕16天、18天母鼠新生1天、7天1、4天乳鼠做热休克处理,用酶组织化学方法探讨热应激处理对小鼠心、肝组织中酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、ATP酶的影响。  相似文献   

英汉称赞习俗对比     

董艳丽 《山东商业职业技术学院学报》2007,7(5):94-97

称赞是社交中重要的寒喧方式之一，是世界各国人民共有的语言交际行为。由于受各自特殊文化的影响，其内容、语言形式和应答模式呈现出各自的特点。作者在本文中探讨英汉称赞习俗文化之间的差异及其对英汉称赞语及应答语的交际影响，从而避免因文化差异而导致的文化冲突。  相似文献   

Transient Responses of Flexible Non—uniform Spinning Shaft with Nonlinear and Asymmetric Supports     

ZHUHuai－liang 《上海大学学报(英文版)》2001,5(1):35-39

In this paper ,a hybrid approach was developed to investigate the transient responses of a multi-span non-uniform flexble spinning shaft with nonlinear and asymmetric supports.The non-uniform spinning shaft with variable parmeters was modeled as a Bernoulli-Euler beam column with sectional constant cross-section properties by the finite element method.The supporting stiffness behavior of the nonlinear supports was described as a piecewise-linear and asymmetric model.The equations of motion in the matrix form of a multi-span non-uniform spinning shaft with nonlinear and asymmetric supports were formulated using Hamilton‘s principle and the assumed mode method.As an example,a spinning rocket with many variable stiffness supports was numerically simulated by the direct integration method.The transient response and dynamic behavior of this rotate-dynamic system are analyzed.  相似文献