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Fairness is a critical issue in the educational setting, and the research is unified in the view that professors need to be fair in setting course policies and procedures. However, many unanswered questions still remain as to which specific classroom policies and procedures students find fair or unfair. This study explores student perceptions of which course policies provide the fairest treatment for all students in a college class. In addition, we also investigate the presence of a relationship between students' locus of control and their perceptions of the fairest course policies. Data were provided by 254 undergraduate students enrolled in sections of an introductory operations management course or an introductory management information systems course. As an initial, exploratory study in this specific area, eight common classroom policy situations were investigated. Although, not surprisingly, all students did not agree on which policy was the fairest for any given classroom situation, we were able to identify those policies considered fairest by the most students. The results can help professors develop course policies that improve students' perceptions of fairness in the college classroom. 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(2):125-131
Abstract Olympic style games were first held for athletes with disabilities in Rome in 1960. Today the Paralympic Games (parallel Olympics) feature competition for athletes from six disability groups, including amputee, visually impaired, and spinal cord injury. Olympic hosts, both summer and winter, are now contractually obliged to organize the Paralympics in the same venue. The size and popularity of the games have grown exponentially since their inception, but they remain largely separate from the Olympics themselves. Recently, a very successful Paralympic athlete from South Africa, Oscar Pistorius, made it clear that despite his double below-the-knee amputation he wanted to compete in his event (400 m) at the Olympics. Initially, however, Oscar Pistorius was prohibited from competing at any International Amateur Athletics Federation (IAAF) competition on grounds of fairness. On the basis of biomechanical and physiological evidence, the IAAF argued that his highly specialized prosthetic limbs gave him an advantage and were therefore in contravention of Rule 144.2. This rule forbids the use of any technical device (such as prosthetic limbs) that provides the user with an advantage over another athlete not using such a device. This decision was subsequently overturned by the Court of Arbitration for Sport following an appeal by Pistorius. Using this case as an example, the aim of this paper is to highlight the empirical and ethical difficulties associated with the application of the principle of fairness in sport. In particular, we discuss both the complexity of identifying the nature and size of athletic advantage and the basis for determining its validity. Moreover, we explore how similar difficulties arise when attempting to establish criteria for “relevant athletic performance”. We argue that reasonable rules and norms for competition are not simply inferred from the principle of fairness. Such rules and norms should result from careful judgements informed by scientific, conceptual, and ethical evidence, and be guided by the standards of excellence that best characterize the sport in question. 相似文献
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现阶段全球气候谈判的重点是制定国际社会公认的公平且兼具可操作性的减排方案,而碳排放权分配是任何减排方案的核心内容.由于文化背景和国家利益不同,不同国家研究机构和学者提出的碳排放权分配方案在公平性、可行性及其对不同国家未来发展权益的影响也不尽相同.本文基于罗尔斯正义论视角解读最具代表性的碳排放权分配方案所蕴含的“公平”涵义及其对不同国家未来发展权益和代际公平的影响.研究表明,相对于发达国家研究机构和学者提出的减排方案,发展中国家研究机构和学者提出减排方案更加符合正义论的要求和原则,能充分维护发展中国家的合法权益.在代际公平方面,对贴现率选择的差异反映出不同经济学家在价值观念和协调减排当前成本与未来收益问题上的不同理解.文章最后指出,我国学者应该加强在气候变化尤其是碳排放权分配领域的研究,为我国实施节能减排战略和参与国际气候谈判提供科学的政策建议与坚实的理论基础. 相似文献
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谢丽华 《福建师大福清分校学报》2003,(4):22-26
效率与公平的关系问题是一个社会运行过程中遇到的重要问题，正确理解和处理它们的关系将有助于社会经济的发展。本主要从历史唯物主义、唯物辩证法、马克思主义认识论来理解效率与公平之间的辩证统一关系，并认识到随着实践的发展。效率与公平关系的认识也应该不断发展。 相似文献
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何英桥 《湖南广播电视大学学报》2002,3(4):29-31
邓小平公平与效率思想是邓小平经济理论的一个重要组成部分，它是在总结我国建国以来经济建设的经验教训的基础上，依据我国社会主义初级阶段的基本国情提出并确立的，是对马克思主义毛泽东思想公平效率观的继承和发展。邓小平公平与效率思想有一个从提出到逐步成熟的历史过程。 相似文献
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现阶段我国居民收入差距不断扩大,收入差距过大已经成为经济发展和社会稳定的威胁。居民收入差距过大有历史的原因、市场化改革的影响、体制的漏洞和法制的不健全等方面的原因。针对存在的问题,应正确处理公平与效率的关系、加强宏观调控、完整分配制度。 相似文献
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隋淑芬 《首都师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2004,(1):45-50
商鞅的社会理想是他变法行为的观念先导。他的社会理想分为两个高低衔接的层次 ,一是建立理想的法治社会 ,其时 ,法是国家管理社会的唯一规范 ,法律取代道德规范 ,法律规范人们的社会认知、社会情感、社会风俗 ,消除人们的犯罪动机。法治的结果是达到人人自断、自律。法治实现的条件是法律的公平、公正。二是建立大治无为的社会 ,其时 ,法律制度转化为社会成员不假思索的行为习惯。商鞅的社会理想具有其独特的价值和明显的缺陷 相似文献
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