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《Sport Management Review》2020,23(2):315-329
In many countries, voluntary sports clubs are the main recipients of public subsidies regarding the provision of recreational sport, and the economically most important level of government is usually the local government (i.e. the municipalities). The purpose of this article is to examine whether and how municipal framework conditions matter for sports clubs. Inspired by previous studies, we examine the role of direct and indirect public subsidies as well as facility coverage. The authors conduct analyses on a general level (for all sports) and specifically for five sports (badminton, football, gymnastics, handball and swimming). The differentiation between sports allows us to examine how municipal framework conditions might be associated differently with density and participation across sports. In the statistical analyses, the authors apply data collected among all 98 Danish municipalities. The results show that the municipal levels of direct and indirect subsidies are weakly correlated with both the density of and participation in sports clubs, while stronger correlations can be identified with regard to facility coverage. The analyses for the five sports reveal that the supply of relevant facility types is – with few exceptions – positively correlated with sports club density and participation levels within each sport. Thus, facility coverage seems to play a more important role for sports clubs than the levels of indirect and particularly direct subsidies. 相似文献
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我国建设创新型国家步伐的日益加快和与国际科技经济领域合作竞争的日益增强,对我国高等学校专业英语的教学提出了更高的要求。结合在土木工程专业英语教学中的体会,分析了目前土木工程专业英语教学存在的问题,探讨了提高土木工程专业英语课堂教学效率、激发学生自主学习内生动力的教学方法。 相似文献
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【目的】作者队伍的建设是提升科技期刊质量和学术影响力的重要方法之一。【方法】依托官方微信的优点,介绍了官方微信的建立和维护方法。【结果】 结合多家期刊的办刊实践,通过增加作者对期刊的依赖度、助力作者跟踪学科前沿、加速青年作者的成长和作者队伍的扩大等举措,可以促进期刊作者队伍的建设。【结论】科技期刊在官方微信的建立和维护过程中,可以调动作者的积极性来共同完成,同时依托官方微信的构建,加大对作者队伍的进一步完善建设,形成良性循环。 相似文献
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近年来，脑卒中和交通事故造成上肢损伤的人数逐年上升，医疗领域对康复器械的需求越来越大。为满足实际需求，开发以气动人工肌肉为驱动器的4自由度（肩关节外收/内展（被动）、前驱/后伸、肘关节屈曲、腕关节屈曲）可穿戴上肢康复机器人。首先设计上肢康复机器人的结构，并采用气动人工肌肉作为肘关节与腕关节的驱动器。然后针对该上肢康复机器人，研究主动康复训练控制策略，设计两种控制策略。通过穿戴实验验证控制策略的有效性和实际应用价值。 相似文献