Modelling Quoting in Newswriting: A Framework for Studies on the Production of News     

Lauri Haapanen 《Journalism Practice》2020,14(3):374-394

ABSTRACT

The Mediated Social Communication (MSC) approach considers mass media a venue for opposing and complementary societal groups to publicly negotiate socially relevant topics. This negotiation is conducted through representatives of these groups and mediated by journalists. Inspired by the MSC approach, this paper presents an empirically grounded model that structures the mediating process through the process of quoting. By identifying the key phases of newswriting as sub-processes of quoting, the paper argues that journalists (1) decide on a topical issue to be addressed (topicalisation), (2) identify groups of people who are linked to this issue (societal localisation), (3) pick some people as representatives of these societal groups (personalisation), and (4) verbalise these people's points of view, often by means of quoting, inter alia (verbalisation). The four-phase model is then operationalised into a data collection method that facilitates access to and fosters new insights into the subtle dynamics of newswriting. Hitherto, these dynamics have often remained obscure, because the craft ethos is adopted as tacit knowledge through implicit socialisation and is therefore difficult for journalists to verbalise. The paper concludes by calling for reconsideration of journalists’ role as gatekeepers who decide which issues and voices are heard in public discourse.  相似文献   

面向区域创新与产业发展的信息服务实践研究——以中国科学院文献情报中心区域信息服务为例     

贾苹  闫亚飞  郭文姣  刘细文  张超  彭皓  杨雨寒  赵婉雨 《图书情报工作》2021,64(24):24-31

[目的/意义] 随着自主创新战略的提出，科技信息和科技情报在国家科技发展中的基础性作用日益受到重视，开展区域创新和经济发展的信息服务研究与实践，构建面向区域创新和经济发展的信息服务方法体系、实施方案，是十分必要的。[方法/过程] 通过对国内外文献情报机构服务区域创新和经济发展的实践调研，以及中国科学院文献情报中心在"十二五"和"十三五"期间面向省级科学院、中国科学院转化中心、地方政府、园区企业开展区域信息服务的整体设计和服务实践与案例分析，总结归纳中国科学院文献情报中心开展区域创新和经济发展知识服务的特色和成效。[结果/结论] 在实践的基础上提出图书馆面向区域创新和产业发展提供信息服务，进一步拓展了图书馆的服务领域，是图书馆发展的一个生长点，并将在服务内容与服务方式上不断发展完善。  相似文献   

The Impact of Receivers’ Nationality and Cultural Orientation on the Effects of Fear Appeals in Health Communication     

Carel Jansen  Geke van der Kroef 《Journal of Intercultural Communication Research》2019,48(1):72-90

Participants from the Netherlands (n = 52), China (n = 50), and South Africa (n = 166) either read a self-targeted or a family-targeted fear appeal message about chlamydia. Seven aspects of individual cultural orientation were measured, and six effects of the different messages. Interactions between nationality and target of threat were found on perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, and danger control. Only for perceived susceptibility, a difference in cultural orientation partly explained this interaction. The outcomes add to the doubts about claims in earlier literature about the relevance of receivers’ nationality and cultural orientation for developing a fear appeal message.  相似文献   

Suffering in sport: why people willingly embrace negative emotional experiences     

Michael S. Brady 《体育哲学杂志》2019,46(2):115-128

ABSTRACT

Nearly everyone agrees that physical pain is bad. Indeed, if anything merits the status of a platitude in our everyday thinking about value, the idea that pain is bad surely does. Equally, it seems clearly true that emotional suffering – despair, loneliness, grief, disappointment, guilt, shame, lovesickness, and the like – are all bad as well. We are strongly inclined to pity and feel sorry for those who suffer emotionally in these ways; we are motivated, at least some of the time, to do what we can to alleviate their suffering. Given this, it might seem curious that pain and suffering are so integral to sport – whether one is a participant or a spectator. There’s nothing particularly puzzling about pain and suffering that is inadvertently related to sport – as when an athlete injures her hamstring and has to miss her chance at Olympic glory, or when supporters face the misery of getting up at 6am because an away game has been scheduled to start at noon. But there does seem to be something curious about the extent to which pain and suffering are voluntarily embraced by participants and spectators, as the quotation from Nick Hornby aptly illustrates. Why do people willingly engage in something that brings about so much suffering? In this paper, I’ll attempt to answer this question.¹  相似文献   

自引研究综述:科学评价与科学交流中的质疑、求证与创新     

温芳芳 《图书情报工作》2019,63(21):117-127

[目的/意义]自引本是科学交流的一种普遍现象，但在科学评价问题上却陷入了长久的争议。自引研究综述有助于增进学者们对自引的认识和了解，理清对自引的偏见与误解，启发更多人对自引做持续的关注与思索。[方法/过程]通过国内外相关文献的系统调研分析，客观描述自引研究的发展历程与现状，梳理其学术脉络和演化轨迹，归纳主要成果和思想，指出当前研究存在的问题，预测未来研究重点与方向。[结果/结论]自引研究经历了长期的质疑和反复的求证，至今并无定论，分歧源于研究视角的差异。自引研究亟需新的突破，重心将从单纯的计量与统计分析转向数据背后规律和机理的深度挖掘与解析，自引在考察学术传承和知识扩散方面的功能也将被进一步发掘。  相似文献   

News You Can Use or News That Moves?     

Lauren Kogen 《Journalism Practice》2019,13(1):1-15

This study investigates how journalists covering international humanitarian crises make decisions regarding what types of information to include in stories. Specifically, the inclusion/exclusion of solutions-oriented information is addressed, since crises represent a key time during which the potential for international engagement is discussed in the mainstream media. Interviews with journalists covering hunger crises in Africa reveal an internal tension between maintaining a neutral, unbiased position and writing in a way that supports engagement and action. Ironically, perhaps, journalists find that including solutions-oriented information amounts to unethical and biased coverage, despite the fact that inclusion of solutions to social problems is an accepted and institutionalized aspect of the US news media’s mandate to the public. Reasons for this seeming contradiction are discussed, and I argue that solutions-oriented information not only can be included without demonstrating bias, but that it ought to be included to support ethical coverage that properly informs citizens about potential paths for political engagement.  相似文献   

Online social viewing: Cross-cultural adoption and uses of bullet-screen videos     

Anan Wan  Leigh Moscowitz  Linwan Wu 《Journal of International and Intercultural Communication》2020,13(3):197-215

ABSTRACT

Bullet-screen technology, an innovative way of interacting with online videos, allows viewers to contribute comments that simultaneously appear over videos. Popular in East Asia, the technology is making its way to American audiences. This study employed a comparative qualitative focus group approach to explore how American and Chinese viewers responded to and interacted with this new format of online videos. Three themes emerge from this investigation: (1) the unique affordances of this technology; (2) barriers to adoption and usage; and (3) cultural differences that impact the user experience. The theoretical and practical implications for bullet-screen technologies are discussed.  相似文献   

全球媒体语境下广州城市形象的传播与建构     

王大可  李本乾 《中国名城》2020,(5):93-98

城市形象是城市竞争力的重要组成部分。依托全球媒体有关广州的报道,对广州城市形象的全球媒体影响力开展实证分析,并从强化政府主导、畅通参与渠道;融入国家战略、提升传播层级;推进科技创新、塑造崭新形象;发展数字产业、夯实传播基础;布局未来传播、增强舆论引导等方面构建提出了增强广州城市形象全球传播能力的对策建议。  相似文献   

档案学精品资源共享课建设的现状、要求与路径——以广西民族大学为例     

陈勇  王瀚 《档案管理》2020,(3):112-114

档案学精品资源共享课建设应按照高质量的要求,建设"一流的教师队伍、一流的教学内容、一流的教学方法、一流的教材、一流的教学管理",实现优质的网络教学资源共享,促进档案学专业建设,提高教学和人才培养质量。  相似文献   

Sensemaking and crisis revisited: the failure of sensemaking during the Flint water crisis     

William D. Nowling  Matthew W. Seeger 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2020,48(2):270-289

ABSTRACT

This study operationalized Weick’s [(1988). Enacted sensemaking in crisis situations. Journal of Management Studies 25(4), 305–317 and (1993). The collapse of sensemaking in organizations: The Mann Gulch disaster. Administrative Science Quarterly, 38, 628–652] theory of enacted sensemaking to examine the communication processes associated with the Flint Water Crisis of 2014–2015. A content analysis of 389 emails and attachments from a total population of N?=?37,376 pages of publicly released e-mails and documents pertaining to Flint’s water issues, identified examples of failed sensemaking by government officials. These failures hastened and intensified a growing crisis of lead contamination and an outbreak of Legionnaires disease associated with Flint’s municipal water system. Analysis of email messages suggests that strong commitments by top leaders and limited capacity were important factors as were efforts to create and maintain consensus among officials. The Flint Water Crisis offers an important application of sensemaking theory and its utility for both organizational and risk communication scholars and for practical application. The authors emphasize the importance of questioning previous assumptions and commitments, insuring that communication practitioners are involved in decisions, and avoiding over reliance on image repair as a strategic response.  相似文献