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Stefanie Vanbecelaere Frederik Cornillie Delphine Sasanguie Bert Reynvoet Fien Depaepe 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2021,52(1):112-124
Adaptive educational games provide new opportunities to train early numerical skills. However, empirical evidence for the effectiveness of adaptive educational games is scarce. This study investigated the effectiveness of an adaptive game compared to a nonadaptive game in terms of cognitive, noncognitive and efficiency outcomes. In total, 84 children were randomly assigned to a condition in which children trained early numerical skills with an adaptive version of the Number Sense Game (NSG), or to a condition in which they trained with a nonadaptive version. Early numeracy was evaluated before the training, immediately after the training and 3 weeks after the training. Math anxiety (MA) was assessed before and 3 weeks after the training. The time children practiced with the NSG was used to assess efficiency. Results revealed that children in both conditions improved on early numerical ability, with sustained effects 3 weeks after the training. In both conditions, children’s MA scores were lower after the training. Children in the adaptive condition learned more efficiently compared to the nonadaptive condition, and the interaction between prior knowledge and condition has shown that children with low prior knowledge benefited more from a nonadaptive training while children with high prior knowledge benefited more from an adaptive training in terms of learning efficiency. These results confirm that adaptive educational games can offer solace in terms of the need for differentiation. 相似文献
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Internal laws of probability, generalized likelihoods and Lewis' infinitesimal chances-A response to Adam Elga 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The rejection of an infinitesimal solution to the zero-fit problemby A. Elga ([2004]) does not seem to appreciate the opportunitiesprovided by the use of internal finitely-additive probabilitymeasures. Indeed, internal laws of probability can be used tofind a satisfactory infinitesimal answer to many zero-fit problems,not only to the one suggested by Elga, but also to the Markovchain (that is, discrete and memory-less) models of reality.Moreover, the generalization of likelihoods that Elga has inmind is not as hopeless as it appears to be in his article.In fact, for many practically important examples, through theuse of likelihoods one can succeed in circumventing the zero-fitproblem.
- 1 The Zero-fit Problem on Infinite State Spaces
- 2Elga's Critique of the Infinitesimal Approach to the Zero-fitProblem
- 3 Two Examples for Infinitesimal Solutions to theZero-fit Problem
- 4 Mathematical Modelling in Nonstandard Universes?
- 5 Are Nonstandard Models Unnatural?
- 6 Likelihoods and Densities
- A Internal Probability Measures and the Loeb Measure Construction
- B The (Countable) Coin Tossing Sequence Revisited
- C Solutionto the Zero-fit Problem for a Finite-state Modelwithout Memory
- D An Additional Note on ‘Integrating over Densities’
- E Well-defined Continuous Versions of Density Functions
- 2Elga's Critique of the Infinitesimal Approach to the Zero-fitProblem
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Niels Jensby Nedergaard Frederik Heinen Simon Sloth Hans-Christer Holmberg 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(3):273-286
An effective start enhances an athlete's chances of success in ski cross competitions. Accordingly, this study was designed to investigate the biomechanics of start techniques used by elite athletes and assess the influence of different start environments. Seven elite ski cross athletes performed starts indoors on a custom-built ramp; six of these also performed starts on an outdoor slope. Horizontal and vertical forces were measured by force transducers located in the handles of the start gate and a 12-camera motion capture system allowed monitoring of the sagittal knee, hip, shoulder, and elbow kinematics. The starting movement involved Pre, Pull, and Push phases. Significant differences between body sides were observed for peak vertical and resultant forces, resultant impulse, and peak angular velocity of the shoulder joint. Significantly lower peak vertical forces (44 N), higher resultant impulse (0.114 Ns/kg), and knee joint range of motion (12°) were observed indoors. Although movement in the ski cross start is generally symmetrical, asymmetric patterns of force were observed among the athletes. Two different movement strategies, i.e. pronounced hip extension or more accentuated elbow flexion, were utilised in the Pull phase. The patterns of force and movement during the indoor and outdoor starts were similar. 相似文献
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Frederik Herman Ira Plein 《Paedagogica Historica: International Journal of the History of Education》2017,53(3):268-284
AbstractThis article examines how and to what extent Luxembourg society was “exposed” to visual representations of the prospering steel industries and labour and working-class culture(s) from the 1880s until the 1920s – a period of massive industrialisation – and how it thus gradually “learned to labour”. Indeed, modern visual media were seen as ideal catalysts for the circulation, transmission, and production of meaning, since they were considered to be appealing, objective, direct, and capable of inspiring the imagination. The article takes the reader through various mundane moments and events of industrial enculturation (annual funfair, slide lecture, vocational school, etc.) and engages with different “technologies of display” (photographs, fair albums, postcards, scale models, etc.) that subtly calibrated, conveyed, and inculcated the new industrial reality “through the eye” and, in the process, (re)produced national identifications. By zooming in on these different “visual encounters” with industry and by bringing these isolated encounters together in one story, the article (re)constructs a “learning route” – one among many possible pathways through this huge dynamic field of learning resources (or, “cultural ecology”) – and thus suggests how (informal) “cultural learning” might have taken place at the time. While accompanying us on this journey, the reader gains insights into how this field of resources evolved and how the industrial present was (re)framed, visually performed, and (re)configured over time. 相似文献
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In this article, we report on a study that investigated the motivational (e.g. intrinsic motivation) and dispositional variables (e.g. attitudes) that determine teachers’ intention to use or not to use digital learning materials (DLMs). To understand the direct and indirect relationships between these variables, we replicated a study in which self-determination theory (SDT) and the theory of planned behaviour/integrated model of behaviour prediction (IMBP) are combined and a distinction was made between global level psychological needs, and contextual level as well as situational level motivational constructs. Using a sample of 1273 teachers, our preliminary findings support the findings of the previous study. The combined model potentially provides us with a more comprehensive explanation of teachers’ volitional behaviour regarding their use of DLMs in their pedagogical practices than would be possible on the basis of SDT or IMBP alone. 相似文献
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More Effective Consolidation of Episodic Long‐Term Memory in Children Than Adults—Unrelated to Sleep 
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下载免费PDF全文 Jing‐Yi Wang Frederik D. Weber Katharina Zinke Marion Inostroza Jan Born 《Child development》2018,89(5):1720-1734
Abilities to encode and remember events in their spatiotemporal context (episodic memory) rely on brain regions that mature late during childhood and are supported by sleep. We compared the temporal dynamics of episodic memory formation and the role of sleep in this process between 62 children (8–12 years) and 57 adults (18–37 years). Subjects recalled “what–where–when” memories after a short 1‐hr retention interval or after a long 10.5‐hr interval containing either nocturnal sleep or daytime wakefulness. Although children showed diminished recall of episodes after 1 hr, possibly resulting from inferior encoding, unlike adults, they showed no further decrease in recall after 10.5 hr. In both age groups, episodic memory benefitted from sleep. However, children's more effective offline retention was unrelated to sleep. 相似文献
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Elizabeth Spier Frederik Leenknecht Kaitlin Carson Krystal Bichay Ann-Marie Faria 《Early Years: An International Journal of Research and Development》2019,39(3):229-242
Despite evidence for the substantial benefits of school readiness among children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), most lack access to any pre-primary education at all, let alone high-quality preprimary education. In this article, we discuss obstacles and example of solutions to providing universal access to high-quality preprimary education in LMICs. We address (1) the need for a vision among policymakers, educators and families of what high-quality preprimary education should look like and how it could be provided in their context, and the motivation to make the vision a reality; (2) human resources, including motivated, skilled and qualified teachers as the center of a broad support system at national, regional and local levels; (3) material resources and infrastructure, including culturally appropriate play materials and child-friendly spaces; and (4) stable financing that allows for flexible adaptations of the model to different local contexts. For each element, we provide examples of these challenges and how they can be addressed, with a geographical focus on West Africa, the Middle East, Southern and Eastern Asia. 相似文献
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Why teachers use digital learning materials: The role of self-efficacy, subjective norm and attitude
Frederik Van Acker Hans van Buuren Karel Kreijns Marjan Vermeulen 《Education and Information Technologies》2013,18(3):495-514
Although Information and Communication Technology (ICT) seems a promising tool in an educational context, many teachers are reluctant to integrate it in their daily practice. A large scale survey was undertaken amongst primary and secondary school teachers in the Netherlands to explore possible determinants of the educational use of digital learning materials (DLMs) in order to develop interventions to reduce teachers’ reluctance to use ICT and more specifically to stimulate the use of DLMs. Basing on the Integrative Model of Behaviour Prediction it was conjectured that self-efficacy, attitude and subjective norm would take a central role in explaining the intention to use DLMs. Several other predictors were added to the conceptual model whose effects were hypothesized to be mediated by the three central variables. All conjectured relationships were found using mediation analysis on survey data from 1,484 teachers. Intention to use DLMs was most strongly determined by attitude, followed by self-efficacy. ICT skills was in its turn the strongest predictor of self-efficacy. Subjective norm played only a limited role in the intention to use DLMs. Basing on the outcome of this study, persuasive communication focusing on positive outcomes and skills based training seem appropriate interventions to promote a positive attitude towards DLM and improve self-efficacy in using DLMs. 相似文献
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