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1.
Notwithstanding the expansion of higher education across the OECD, there continues to be concern about the levels of participation amongst those from disadvantaged backgrounds. In response to this, a new form of financial support for students from low-income families, the 'opportunity bursary', was introduced for a limited period in England from 2001/02. Surveys of two cohorts of opportunity-bursary applicants were carried out and these suggested possible psychological, behavioural and economic impacts. Fewer opportunity-bursary recipients than non-recipients reported that part-time work had interfered with their studies and more reported that the bursary had made them less worried about meeting the costs of going to university. There was some evidence that the scheme led to increased retention in the first year of university study; it also appeared to lead to lower levels of debt, in particular bank overdrafts or credit card debt. 相似文献
2.
Maha Bali Maureen Crawford Rhonda Jessen Paul Signorelli Mia Zamora 《Educational Media International》2015,52(2):100-115
Imagine the challenge of being immersed in a dynamic learning network where you play brinkmanship with being overwhelmed by a plethora of information, comments, and conversations on a topic of intense interest to you. Through adept facilitation, the comments and encouragement of fellow participants, and your own perseverance, you develop a network of personal connections which serve as metaphorical flying buttresses creating enough stability that you are able to learn in a new, yet profoundly meaningful way – the connectivist massive open online course (cMOOC) way. Through the lens of autoethnography, five seasoned educators collaboratively reflect on their motivation for participating in their initial cMOOC. They analyze their lived experience, what they found most engaging, and most importantly, they grapple with why cMOOC communities often endure past official end-dates. This article attempts to provide insight into the thrill and depth of learning and connection possible through participation in cMOOCs. 相似文献
3.
Emad F. Eskander Ahmed A. Abd-Rabou Shaymaa M. M. Yahya Ashraf El Sherbini Mervat S. Mohamed Olfat G. Shaker 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2014,29(1):3-7
Viral infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) has a high propensity in becoming chronic and it is the major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. This review was basically established to illustrate the putative role of the P53 gene Arg72Pro polymorphism on various cancer models and viral infections, focusing on HCV and HCC incidences. Authors studied the 72 G/C single base substitution of P53 gene at codon 72 using various polymorphic techniques. Intriguingly, authors investigated that the P53 codon 72 plays a crucial role as risk factor in several cancer models. Others found that there is no association between codon 72 genotypes and HCV disease severity or liver cancer. Moreover, the lack of a significant relationship between this polymorphism and risk of HCC shows that it does not predispose towards hepatocarcinogenesis and the frequent loss of the proline allele in HCV-associated carcinogenesis of the liver plays some critical role in hepatocarcinogenesis. Amazingly, there is a significant correlation between male homozygotes for P53 72Pro with HCV type 1b infection. However, there was no significant difference between the P53 polymorphism and HCV genotypes 2a and 2b. It was concluded that the P53 gene polymorphism at codon 72 has been investigated as potential risk factor in several cancer models and HCV infections. 相似文献
4.
Maha Ellili-Cherif 《Teacher Development》2014,18(2):211-228
The aim of this study is to explore teachers’ attitudes towards the shift to English as a medium of instruction in Qatari Independent schools. It focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of this approach for teachers and students, and the challenges they face in the process of its implementation. Data for the study were collected by means of a questionnaire and follow-up interviews. Findings point to teachers’ beliefs that while the approach has benefited them and their students, it is a challenging process. The challenges teachers face are organizational in nature relating to ineffective planning for the introduction of the change, lack of teacher preparedness for its implementation, and parents’ resistance to this change. These results have implications for teacher training in the Qatari context and for planning of the introduction of change in English as a Second Language or English as a Foreign Language contexts. 相似文献
5.
Hind A. M. Hammouri 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2003,28(6):571-586
Recent years have seen increasing interest in the role of metacognition in mathematical problem solving. The study described in this paper explored problem solving strategies used by undergraduates. Furthermore, cognitive/metacognitive processes are predicted each of holistic and analytic strategies. Educational sciences students (n=178) were asked to talk/think aloud while solving two constructed response transformational problems. The protocols were transcribed and analysed, revealing that the cohort used nine strategies. The results showed that a holistic strategy was predicted by five cognitive/metacognitive processes, two of which were suppressors; whilst an analytic strategy was predicted by four cognitive/metacognitive processes, three of which were suppressors. 相似文献
6.
Shaymaa M. M. Yahya Shadia A. Fathy Zakaria A. El-Khayat Safinaz E. El-Toukhy Ahmed R. Hamed Marwa G. A. Hegazy Heba K. Nabih 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2018,33(1):21-30
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a hypervascular primary liver cancer characterized by rapid progression, besides, resistance to traditional chemotherapeutic agents. It has been shown that microRNAs play critical roles in regulation of tumor cell sensitivity to drugs through modulating the expression of genes involved in drug transport. The present study investigated whether restoration of miR-122 in HCC cells could alter the cell cycle distribution and the expression of multidrug resistance (MDR)-related genes (ABCB1, ABCC1, ABCG2 and ABCF2). After overexpression of miR-122 in HepG2 cells treated or untreated with doxorubicin doses, total RNAs and protein extracts were isolated for application of QRT-PCR and western blotting techniques. Moreover, cell cycle distribution was monitored by flow cytometry. Our results revealed that, the over expression of miR-122 in HepG2 cells treated or untreated with doxorubicin could modulate the sensitivity of cells to chemotherapeutic drug through downregulation of MDR-related genes, ABCB1 and ABCF2. Interpretation of cell cycle distribution revealed that, the anti-proliferative effect of miR-122 is associated with the accumulation of cells in G0/G1 phase. Moreover, treatment with miR-122 and doxorubicin resulted in high percentage of HCC cells in G0/G1 phase. Taken together, our findings revealed that, overexpression of miR-122 inhibited HCC cell growth by inducing cell cycle arrest and this arrest is associated with down-regulation of MDR-related genes. 相似文献
7.
This article explores immigrant mothers’ experiences and perspectives on early learning to identify the underlying principles of parents’ learning theories and their concerns about pedagogic practices at school. It employs data from interviews with nineteen immigrant mothers that reveal a discord between learning beliefs and practices at home and school. The paper argues that mothers’ cultural capital may shape their perspectives on learning, which may subsequently influence their children’s cultural capital and interests. Supporting children’s learning at school requires examining home learning beliefs so that teachers can establish a two-way exchange of knowledge, ideas and perspectives with common objectives of respecting differences and exploring possible reconciliation of differences. This paper urges educators to bridge home and school through engaging in dialogue with parents so that parents’ cultural capital and their understanding about play-based learning work to their children’s advantage. 相似文献
8.
Christopher Mikton Mick Power Marija Raleva Mokhantso Makoae Majid Al Eissa Irene Cheah Nancy Cardia Claire Choo Maha Almuneef 《Child abuse & neglect》2013
This study aimed to systematically assess the readiness of five countries – Brazil, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, and South Africa – to implement evidence-based child maltreatment prevention programs on a large scale. To this end, it applied a recently developed method called Readiness Assessment for the Prevention of Child Maltreatment based on two parallel 100-item instruments. The first measures the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs concerning child maltreatment prevention of key informants; the second, completed by child maltreatment prevention experts using all available data in the country, produces a more objective assessment readiness. The instruments cover all of the main aspects of readiness including, for instance, availability of scientific data on the problem, legislation and policies, will to address the problem, and material resources. Key informant scores ranged from 31.2 (Brazil) to 45.8/100 (the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) and expert scores, from 35.2 (Brazil) to 56/100 (Malaysia). Major gaps identified in almost all countries included a lack of professionals with the skills, knowledge, and expertise to implement evidence-based child maltreatment programs and of institutions to train them; inadequate funding, infrastructure, and equipment; extreme rarity of outcome evaluations of prevention programs; and lack of national prevalence surveys of child maltreatment. In sum, the five countries are in a low to moderate state of readiness to implement evidence-based child maltreatment prevention programs on a large scale. Such an assessment of readiness – the first of its kind – allows gaps to be identified and then addressed to increase the likelihood of program success. 相似文献
9.
Hind Hammouri 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2013,55(3):241-257
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of student-related variables on achievement in mathematics. The sample consisted of 3736 13-year-old Jordanian 8th-graders who participated in the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS). The participants completed a student questionnaire and participated in the mathematics test. Of the matrix of affective variables reported to lead to the variation in mathematics achievement were educational aspiration, attitude, success attribution, confidence in ability and perception of importance of mathematics. A structural equation model was used to estimate and test the hypothesized relationships of the factors with achievement in mathematics. Results from this study indicate that four attitudinal and motivational variables had strong positive total and direct effects; and two variables had negative total and direct effects on mathematics achievement. Recommendations for future research were suggested. 相似文献
10.
The complexity of modern chemical and petrochemical plants is becoming increasingly problematic in the recent years. At the same time, the demands to ensure safety and reliability of process operations rise. Early detection of abnormal event in complex real systems decrease maintenance cost and lead to guarantee the safety of human operators and environment. In the present work, a fault detection (FD) method which exploits the advantages of black-box modeling and statistical measure for fault detection in real chemical process as a distillation column is proposed. This technique is developed by applying the Nonlinear Auto-Regressive Moving Average with eXogenous input (NARMAX) model and Bhattacharyya distance (BD). In order to determine the NARMAX model, a real data set recorded during normal operations is used. Then, the BD is used to quantify on-line the dissimilarity between the current and reference probability distributions of the residual obtained from the NARMAX model for fault detection purposes. The ability of the proposed FD approach is demonstrated using real fault of separation unit. The obtained results indicate that the developed technique produces favorable performance compared to the conventional Cumulative Sum (CUSUM) test. 相似文献