Problems faced by a writer in communicating research findings in child development     

VAN DE WATER M 《Child development》1948,19(1-2):67-75

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Perception,imagery, visualization and engineering graphics     

CHARLES POTTER  ERROL VAN DER MERWE 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2003,28(1):117-133

We have conducted action research involving an instructional intervention over a 20-year period. This has demonstrated that spatial ability influences academic performance in engineering, and can be increased through instruction focused on using perception and mental imagery in three-dimensional representation. Prior to our intervention, the first-year engineering graphics course at our university had a failure rate of 36% for all engineering students and failure rates of 80% for African students studying at our university. Similar high failure rates were reported in engineering drawing and design courses at other Southern African universities, and similar association between low scores on tests of spatial ability and academic performance, suggesting that the problem was one encountered by many engineering students, not just by students at our university. Over the initial 2 years of the intervention, pass rates for the first-year engineering graphics course increased from 64 to 76%. With further changes in teaching, and the training of senior students as tutors to support the lecturing and practical activities provided in the course, the pass rates have risen to 88% annually, over a period in which the composition of the first-year student has become increasingly diverse, with greater numbers of students entering the university from disadvantaged educational backgrounds. The instructional model we have used is based on Piagetian principles, and confirms Piaget's theories with respect to the trainability of spatial ability in adulthood. Our findings suggest the importance of early identification of students with difficulty, as well as the potential value of an intervention aimed at training the processes involved in visualization through three-dimensional modelling and representation of objects. While spatial ability appears to be trainable through the methods we have developed, our research also indicates that level of spatial ability at time of intake to university is an important influence on academic performance, suggesting the value of instruction in visualization and three-dimensional representation at school level. Social factors are also important influences on academic performance, suggesting the value of tutorial-based interventions aimed at improving spatial ability in those university and technikon courses for which visualization and three-dimensional representation are a requirement.  相似文献   

Content and Criticism: the aims of schooling     

WILLIAM HARE 《Journal of Philosophy of Education》1995,29(1):47-60

A number of recent writers have urged that schools not try to foster critical thinking in students, and this attack on what had lately emerged as very widely held to be a central aim of schooling is examined and found wanting. The debate is placed in the context of the evolving discussion in twentieth-century philosophy of education of critical thinking as an educational aim, and it is argued that the distinctions and arguments which are needed to rebut the attack on critical thinking can in large measure be found in the literature from Dewey on.  相似文献   

Perceived and Measured Needs Levels of Counselor Education Students     

LARRY C. LOESCH  WILLIAM J. WEIKEL 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1976,16(1):59-65

Because the counseling profession places high value on counselors possessing accurate self-awareness, this study investigated the differences and relationships between counselor education students' self-perceived and measured needs levels. A sample of 107 counselor students estimated their needs levels and then completed the Personality Research Form (PRF). Significant differences between their perceived and measured needs levels were found for 10 of the 14 PRF scales. Wide variations were evident in both perceived and measured needs levels. Significant correlations between perceived and measured needs levels percentiles for all 14 scales indicated consistency in over or under estimation of needs levels. Age and number of quarter hours completed were generally unrelated to accuracy of needs level estimation.  相似文献   

PRIORITIES OF TEST PUBLISHERS     

RALPH HOEPFNER  WILLIAM J. DOHERTY 《Journal of Educational Measurement》1973,10(2):85-93

The profiles of seven major publishers of elementary-level tests were prepared from systematic ratings of the qualities of their tests. Meaningful rating differences among the publishers' priorities were found and three types of publishers could be identified and described.  相似文献   

An Examination of The Learning Consequences Of One Kind of Civil Disobedience     

DOUGLAS J. STANWYCK  DONALD W. FELKER  ADRIAN P. VAN  MONDFRANS 《Educational theory》1971,21(2):146-154

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INTRODUCTION: ON WILLIAM HEARD KILPATRICK     

WILLIAM VAN  TIL 《Educational theory》1966,16(1):1-3

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Pastoral Care, Spirituality and Physical Education     

BRENDON McGUIRE  WILLIAM COOPER  MICHAEL PARK 《Pastoral Care in Education》2006,24(4):13-19

Within the sphere of Physical Education (PE), many observers ( Shields and Bredemeier, 1995; Capel, 2003; Green, 2003 ) have identified PE staff as having a special empathy for children's pastoral care needs and the development of Personal, Social, and Health Education (PSHE). Such factors as the varied situations and venues in which the subject is delivered, including off-campus and extra curricular activities, perhaps lead interested staff into work that locks into the welfare and personal development needs of children. Accordingly, one of the more interesting challenges posed by National Curriculum Physical Education (NCPE) in England and Wales is that it requires the teacher to address the spiritual development of the pupil; this obligation is made clear through the Spiritual, Moral, Social and Cultural (SMSC) elements of the subject. This paper focuses attention on the merging of this separate spiritual dimension with the other three concepts. While the moral, social and cultural elements of SMSC are recognized components of PE participation, the grouping raises the question of whether PE teachers can develop children's spiritual growth. This paper argues that such a pathway may be possible but that at present there is considerable confusion related to the challenge.  相似文献   

An Approach to Teaching Electrical Energy     

R. BELMANS  D. VAN DOMMELEN 《European Journal of Engineering Education》1996,21(1):65-73

The paper discusses the implementation of a new teaching programme for electrical power engineering graduates. The balance between the different parts of the curriculum (non-technical, technical non-electric, electric non-power and real electrical power) is proposed and explained given the specific context. The logical information flow throughout the education process and the links between the course topics are explained.  相似文献   

目前CUBA发展亟待解决的若干问题   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

颜成春 《山西师大体育学院学报》2003,18(3):13-14

应用献资料研究法、专家访谈法及归纳法，对1998年CUBA联赛开展以来的情况进行调查与分析，旨在总结成功的经验，揭示CUBA发展过程中潜在的危机，并探索相应的对策，为全国大学生联赛的健康发展提出需要解决的若干问题。  相似文献