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Rajput ZI Hu SH Arijo AG Habib M Khalid M 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2005,6(11):1057-1062
INTRODUCTION The world population of buffaloes(Bubalus bubalis)has been estimated at over172million head,more than97%(167.6million)of which are in Asia and the Pacific region,mainly in India(97.7million)and Pakistan(25.5million)(FAO,2004).About98%of buffaloes in the region are raised by small farmers owning less than two hectares of land and less than five buffaloes(Mudgal,1992).In general,the water buffalo is regarded as more productive,healthier and more useful than the cow,especiall… 相似文献
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Habib M Hussain I Fang WH Rajput ZI Yang ZZ Irshad H 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2006,7(4):320-323
In this experiment conducted to study the inactivation dynamics of infectious bursal disease virus （IBDV） by binary ethylenimine （BEI） in comparison with formalin, IBDV was isolated from the bursa of infected chickens and its confirmation was done by agar gel precipitation test. Viral suspensions were subjected to inactivation with BEI and formalin for pre-set time in- tervals. BEI was employed at concentrations of 0.001 and 0.002 mol/L while formalin was used at 0.1% and 0.2%. Sampling was done at 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h of incubation and samples were tested for their inactivation status in 9-day-old embryonated eggs and 3-week-old broiler chickens. IBDV was completely inactivated by 0.001 and 0.002 mol/L BEI after 36 h of incubation at 37℃, whereas formalin at 0. 1% and 0.2% concentrations inactivated IBDV in 24 h. 相似文献
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Khalid M Yang WJ Kishwar N Rajput ZI Arijo AG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2006,7(6):459-466
This study is aimed at identifying and determining the percentage of occurrence frequency of cellulose decomposing soil fungi. The soil samples were inoculated into culture plates prepared in Sabouraud medium under sterilized conditions and incubated at 30 ℃ for 4 to 7 d. The identified fungal species were incubated in self-designed cellulose medium for testing their cellulolytic ability. Forty-two species, including2 nova species, representing sixteen genera showed growth and sporulation in the cellulose medium. Most of the isolated species were from genus Aspergillus and Penicillium. Aspergillus niger and Mucor hiemalis showed highest occurrence frequency （45% and 36% respectively）, as these species were collected from about 80% of soil samples. Being agar free and cheaper, the new fungal medium designed showed results equivalent to Sabouraud medium. 相似文献
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Muhammad Waqas Yoon-Ha Kim Abdul Latif Khan Raheem Shahzad Sajjad Asaf Muhammad Hamayun Sang-Mo Kang Muhammad Aaqil Khan In-Jung Lee 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2017,18(2):109-124
We studied the effects of hardwood-derived biochar (BC) and the phytohormone-producing endophyte Galactomyces geotrichum WLL1 in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) with respect to basic, macro- and micronutrient uptakes and assimilations, and their subsequent effects on the regulation of functional amino acids, isoflavones, fatty acid composition, total sugar contents, total phenolic contents, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-scavenging activity. The assimilation of basic nutrients such as nitrogen was up-regulated, leaving carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen unaffected in BC+G. geotrichum-treated soybean plants. In comparison, the uptakes of macro- and micronutrients fluctuated in the individual or co-application of BC and G. geotrichum in soybean plant organs and rhizospheric substrate. Moreover, the same attribute was recorded for the regulation of functional amino acids, isoflavones, fatty acid composition, total sugar contents, total phenolic contents, and DPPH-scavenging activity. Collectively, these results showed that BC+G. geotrichum-treated soybean yielded better results than did the plants treated with individual applications. It was concluded that BC is an additional nutriment source and that the G. geotrichum acts as a plant biostimulating source and the effects of both are additive towards plant growth promotion. Strategies involving the incorporation of BC and endophytic symbiosis may help achieve eco-friendly agricultural production, thus reducing the excessive use of chemical agents. 相似文献
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The phonological awareness (PA), vocabulary, and word reading abilities of 19 children with cochlear implants (CI) were assessed. Nine children had an implant early (between 2 and 3.6 years) and 10 had an implant later (between 5 and 7 years). Participants were tested twice over a 12-month period on syllable, rhyme, and phoneme awareness (see James et al., 2005). Performance of CI users was compared against younger hearing children matched for reading level. Two standardized assessments of vocabulary and single word reading were administered. As a group, the children fitted early had better performance outcomes on PA, vocabulary, and reading compared to hearing benchmark groups. The early group had significant growth on rhyme awareness, whereas the late group showed no significant gains in PA over time. There was wide individual variation in performance and growth in the CI users. Two participants with the best overall development were both fitted with an implant late in childhood. 相似文献
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Shahzad Fakhar Xiu GuoYi Khan Imran Shahbaz Muhammad Riaz Muhammad Usman Abbas Adnan 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2020,21(1):121-141
Asia Pacific Education Review - In the provision of massive open online courses (MOOCs), cloud computing services enable students to synchronize their study materials anywhere, anytime, and using... 相似文献
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The well-established tradition of teaching andlearning in India has retained its inherentstrength even under adverse circumstances. Thepost-independence period was characterized bymajor efforts being made to nurture andtransform teacher education. The system ofteacher preparation has come under considerablepressure as a result of the expansion andgrowth of school education, through efforts touniversalize elementary education. Havinginherited a foreign model of teacherpreparation at the time of independence fromBritain in 1946, major efforts have been madeto adapt and up-date the teacher educationcurriculum to local needs, to make it morecontext based, responsive and dynamic withregard to best meeting the particular needs ofIndia. The current system of teacher educationis supported by a network of national,provincial and district level resourceinstitutions working together to enhance thequality and effectiveness of teacherpreparation programs at the pre-service leveland also through in-service programs forserving teachers throughout the country.The changing role of teachers and the changingdefinitions of teacher effectiveness have beenincreasingly studied and analyzed, withresearch undertaken and the outcomes being fedback into the system to facilitate the processof education reform. The current focus ofresearchers, policy makers and practitionerswith regard to teacher education is on thedevelopment of professional competencies, andon the most effective ways of achieving higherlevels of commitment and motivation forhigher-level performance on the part ofteachers. In addition, important possibilitiesare arising with regard to current developmentsinvolving the new information and communicationtechnologies. As a result, teacher educationin India is on the brink of a majortransformation. 相似文献
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A. Zulfqar M. Valcke G. Devos M. Tuytens A. Shahzad 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2016,17(1):147-159
The goal of this study is to examine differences in leadership and decision-making practices in public and private universities in Pakistan, with a focus on transformational leadership (TL) and participative decision-making (PDM). We conducted semi-structured interviews with 46 deans and heads of department from two public and two private universities in Pakistan. Our findings indicate that leadership and decision-making practices are different in public and private universities. While differences were observed in all six types of TL-behaviour, the following three approaches emerged to be crucial in both public and private universities: (1) articulating a vision, (2) fostering the acceptance of group goals, and (3) high-performance expectations. In terms of PDM, deans and heads of department in public and private universities adopt a collaborative approach. However, on a practical level this approach is limited to teacher- and student-related matters. Overall, our findings suggest that the leadership and decision-making practices in Pakistani public and private universities are transformational and participative in nature. 相似文献