排序方式： 共有27条查询结果，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
2.
Xier Luo Yu Zhou Bing Zhang Yi Zhang Xiaobo Wang Tong Feng Zhipeng Li Kuiqing Cui Zhiqiang Wang Chan Luo Hui Li Yanfei Deng Fenghua Lu Jianlin Han Yongwang Miao Huaming Mao Xiaoyan Yi Cheng Ai Shigang Wu Alun Li Zhichao Wu Zijun Zhuo Do Da Giang Bikash Mitra Mohammad Farhad Vahidi Shahid Mansoor Sahar Ahmed Al-Bayatti Eka Meutia Sari Neena Amatya Gorkhali Sigit Prastowo Laiba Shafique Guoyou Ye Qian Qian Baoshan Chen Deshun Shi Jue Ruan Qingyou Liu 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(3):686
Domesticated buffaloes have been integral to rice-paddy agro-ecosystems for millennia, yet relatively little is known about the buffalo genomics. Here, we sequenced and assembled reference genomes for both swamp and river buffaloes and we re-sequenced 230 individuals (132 swamp buffaloes and 98 river buffaloes) sampled from across Asia and Europe. Beyond the many actionable insights that our study revealed about the domestication, basic physiology and breeding of buffalo, we made the striking discovery that the divergent domestication traits between swamp and river buffaloes can be explained with recent selections of genes on social behavior, digestion metabolism, strengths and milk production. 相似文献
3.
Amna Khan Farzana Hayat Ahmad Muhammad Muddassir Malik 《Education and Information Technologies》2017,22(6):2767-2804
This study aimed to identify the impact of a game based learning (GBL) application using computer technologies on student engagement in secondary school science classrooms. The literature reveals that conventional Science teaching techniques (teacher-centered lecture and teaching), which foster rote learning among students, are one of the major concerns in Pakistan Education system. This leads to student disengagement in science lessons eventually resulting in student absenteeism and dropouts from the schools. This study consisted of five stages: (1) examining the impact of Digital Game-Based Learning (DGBL) and gamification on engagement, learning and gender difference, and literature related to using DGBL models for instructional design; (2) planning learning activities and developing a GBL application based on a specific content in Science; (3) conducting an intervention with a sample of 72 participants of 8th grade (aged 12–15) in a low cost private school of Pakistan following quasi-experimental research framework; (4) observing behaviour and emotions of the participants during science lessons; (5) conducting pre and post tests to assess the learning outcomes of participants followed by focus groups discussion. Analysis from Friedman test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test show that the GBL application has a positive influence on student engagement. However, GBL application was not equally effective for all students since girls outperformed boys in terms of engagement and learning outcomes. This study gives insights into the development of better educational games to promote student learning. 相似文献
4.
5.
Farzana Shain 《Education 3-13》2016,44(1):8-18
ABSTRACTEducation researchers, policy-makers and practitioners in the UK have debated the question of what, and how much, schools can do to mitigate the effects of parental background on educational outcomes over the last half a century. A range of programmes, strategies and interventions have been implemented, and continue to be implemented in an effort to ‘break the link’ between socio-economic disadvantage and low educational outcomes, but educational inequalities have persisted. This paper draws on theoretical and empirical research to offer a new analysis of compensatory education in England across three main phases since the 1960s. 相似文献
6.
Singh PP Chandra A Mahdi F Roy A Sharma P 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2010,25(3):225-243
The antioxidants are essential molecules in human system but are not miracle molecules. They are neither performance enhancers
nor can prevent or cure diseases when taken in excess. Their supplemental value is debateable. In fact, many high quality
clinical trials on antioxidant supplement have shown no effect or adverse outcomes ranging from morbidity to all cause mortality.
Several Chochrane Meta-analysis and Markov Model techniques, which are presently best available statistical models to derive
conclusive answers for comparing large number of trials, support these claims. Nevertheless none of these statistical techniques
are flawless. Hence, more efforts are needed to develop perfect statistical model to analyze the pooled data and further double
blind, placebo controlled interventional clinical trials, which are gold standard, should be implicitly conducted to get explicit
answers. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase and catalase are termed as primary antioxidants as these scavenge
superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide. All these three enzymes are inducible enzymes, thereby inherently meaning that body
increases or decreases their activity as per requirement. Hence there is no need to attempt to manipulate their activity nor
have such efforts been clinically useful. SOD administration has been tried in some conditions especially in cancer and myocardial
infarction but has largely failed, probably because SOD is a large molecule and can not cross cell membrane. The dietary antioxidants,
including nutrient antioxidants are chain breaking antioxidants and in tandem with enzyme antioxidants temper the reactive
oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) within physiological limits. Since body is able to regulate its own
requirements of enzyme antioxidants, the diet must provide adequate quantity of non-enzymic antioxidants to meet the normal
requirements and provide protection in exigent condition. So far, there is no evidence that human tissues ever experience
the torrent of reactive species and that in chronic conditions with mildly enhanced generation of reactive species, the body
can meet them squarely if antioxidants defense system in tissues is biochemically optimized. We are not yet certain about
optimal levels of antioxidants in tissues. Two ways have been used to assess them: first by dietary intake and second by measuring
plasma levels. Lately determination of plasma/serum level of antioxidants is considered better index for diagnostic and prognostic
purposes. The recommended levels for vitamin A, E and C and beta carotene are 2.2–2.8 μmol/l; 27.5–30 μmol/l; 40–50 μmol/l
and 0.4–0.5 μmol/l, respectively. The requirement and recommended blood levels of other dietary antioxidants are not established.
The resolved issues are (1) essential to scavenge excess of radical species (2) participants in redox homeostasis (3) selective
antioxidants activity against radical species (4) there is no universal antioxidant and 5) therapeutic value in case of deficiency.
The overarching issues are (1) therapeutic value as adjuvant therapy in management of diseases (2) supplemental value in developing
population (3) selective interactivity of antioxidant in different tissues and on different substrates (4) quantitative contribution
in redox balance (5) mechanisms of adverse action on excess supplementation (6) advantages and disadvantages of prooxidant
behavior of antioxidants (7) behavior in cohorts with polymorphic differences (8) interaction and intervention in radiotherapy,
diabetes and diabetic complications and cardiovascular diseases (9) preventive behavior in neurological disorders (10) benefits
of non-nutrient dietary antioxidants (11) markers to assess optimized antioxidants status (12) assessment of benefits of supplementation
in alcoholics and heavy smokers. The unresolved and intriguing issues are (1) many compounds such as vitamin A and many others
possessing both antioxidant and non-antioxidant properties contribute to both the activities in vivo or exclusively only to
non-antioxidant activity and (2) since human tissues do not experience the surge of FR, whether there is any need to develop
stronger synthetic antioxidants. Theoretically such antioxidants may do more harm than good. 相似文献
7.
Amer M. Magableh Osamah S. Badarneh Imran Shafique Ansari Taimour Aldalgamouni 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2018,355(14):6877-6888
Transmit antenna selection with maximal ratio combining at the receiver (TAS/MRC) is a promising technique that can be used to avoid the hardware complexity of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system without jeopardizing the diversity gain. The generalized Gaussian distribution (GGD) is used to model different kinds of additive noise including Gaussian, Laplacian, uniform, and impulsive. In this paper, we study the bit error performance of TAS/MRC system assuming flat Rayleigh fading channels perturbed by additive white generalized Gaussian noise (AWGGN). To this end, we provide a closed form expression for the average bit error rate of coherent modulation techniques in terms of Mejier’s G function that is readily available in many commercial mathematical software packages like MATLAB and Mathematica. Moreover, we study the asymptotic behavior of the BER at high signal to noise ratio (SNR). Analytical results are verified by simulation. 相似文献
8.
9.
Shrish Bhatnagar Farzana K. Beig Ashraf Malik 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(3):299-301
Adenosine deaminase and C-reactive protein in CSF were assessed in 72 cases of Tubercular meningitis, 24 cases of partially
treated pyogenic meningitis, 20 cases of Aseptic meningitis and 8 cases of febrile seizures. Mean Adenosine deaminase value
was 12.12±3.13 IU/L for Tubercular meningitis group. It was significantly higher (p<0.001) as compared to partially treated
pyogenic meningitis (5.39±2.70 IU/L) and aseptic meningitis (1.92±0.56 IU/L) groups. A combination of clinical criteria along
with biochemical test of Adenosine deaminase and C-reactive protein in CSF increased the sensitivity of diagnosing Tubercular
meningitis and differentiating it from other forms of meningitis at an early stage. 相似文献
10.
Research has analyzed media framing of cause and solution responsibility attribution in diabetes discourse. Studies have not similarly engaged with how media frame diabetes ‘effects’, an integral framing component because it comprises the ‘problem definition’ of diabetes. Moreover, the combination of causal attribution and effects provides a ‘moral evaluation’ on who carries the burden of the disease. This paper asks ‘how does the New Zealand print media frame diabetes definition and responsibility attribution?’ We identify key frames used to discursively construct Gestational, Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes discourse. Content and thematic analysis reveal that media predominantly discuss diabetes without type-specification and with a high reference to obesity and behavioral choices as causal factors. Diabetes is defined as an individual’s medical concern, which when mismanaged results in amputation, blindness, kidney disease and coronary disease. We consider the implications of media coverage on public response to diabetes as a societal concern. 相似文献