The Grand Challenges Discourse: Transforming Identity Work in Science and Science Policy     

David Kaldewey 《Minerva》2018,56(2):161-182

This article analyzes the concept of “grand challenges” as part of a shift in how scientists and policymakers frame and communicate their respective agendas. The history of the grand challenges discourse helps to understand how identity work in science and science policy has been transformed in recent decades. Furthermore, the question is raised whether this discourse is only an indicator, or also a factor in this transformation. Building on conceptual history and historical semantics, the two parts of the article reconstruct two discursive shifts. First, the observation that in scientific communication references to “problems” are increasingly substituted by references to “challenges” indicates a broader cultural trend of how attitudes towards what is problematic have shifted in the last decades. Second, as the grand challenges discourse is rooted in the sphere of sports and competition, it introduces a specific new set of societal values and practices into the spheres of science and technology. The article concludes that this process can be characterized as the sportification of science, which contributes to self-mobilization and, ultimately, to self-optimization of the participating scientists, engineers, and policymakers.  相似文献   

Progress Is Not an Illusion     

Oren Harman 《Science & Education》2018,27(1-2):219-224

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Letters     

Seth Forman 《Academic Questions》2018,31(3):251-251

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Kuhn’s Image of Science     

William Rehg 《Metascience》2018,27(2):213-215

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Disconnect: Kentucky and the Political Ideology of its Public Universities     

Ben Foster 《Academic Questions》2018,31(3):313-321

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The Evolution of U.S. Museums and Science Centers as Informal Learning Environments     

Renee M. Clary 《Science & Education》2018,27(3-4):371-377

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The Historical Heart of Atmospheric Science     

Anthony J. Sadar 《Science & Education》2018,27(1-2):233-235

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一种基于图卷积自编码模型的多维度学科知识网络融合方法     

李慧  胡吉霞 《图书情报工作》2020,64(18):114-125

[目的/意义] 针对包含单一类型知识单元的知识网络难以全面反映学科知识结构的问题，提出一种从多维度进行知识网络结构融合的方法，为学科领域知识结构挖掘提供借鉴。[方法/过程] 利用LDA及TF-IDF方法抽取学科知识单元，然后运用语义相似度和关键词共现分析方法构建3个学科知识子网络：主题网络、关键词网络和实体网络，并采用空间节点传递对齐方法对齐子网络节点，接着设计基于图卷积操作的自编码模型对知识节点进行表示，最后通过计算余弦相似度重构学科知识网络。[结果/结论] 实验部分以人工智能领域为例，构建融合主题、关键词和实体的学科知识网络并展开分析，实验结果表明，本文所提方法能有效地揭示学科领域研究内容和知识结构，为学科知识发现与组织研究提供有益参考。  相似文献   

文献检索课网络化考核初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

甄旭  张宇宏  季全芝 《现代图书情报技术》2003,(Z1)

通过对文献检索课考核方法的分析 ,提出网络化考核的模式 ,对所研制开发的“科技文献检索课考试管理系统”的技术实现及系统功能进行介绍  相似文献   

略论谭嗣同的人格特质     

刘纪荣  王莉娟 《贵阳金筑大学学报》2003,(3)

谭嗣同特殊的家庭生活、丰富的社会阅历、良好的学识修养以及深刻的思想言行,展示了谭氏的恢弘气度、过人胆 略、顽强意志、强烈使命感、深厚同情心以及旺盛求知俗等主要人格特质。  相似文献