Intrafamilial conflict and emotional well-being: a population based study among Icelandic adolescents     

Gunnlaugsson G  Kristjánsson AL  Einarsdóttir J  Sigfúsdóttir ID 《Child abuse & neglect》2011,35(5):372-381

Objectives

During intrafamilial conflicts children are often innocent bystanders, caught in the crossfire. In such situations, they are at increased risk to become directly involved in abusive verbal behavior of the perpetrator, and exposed to being shouted or yelled at, threatened, rejected and even physically abused. The present study has two main objectives: (1) ascertain a national base rate of intrafamilial conflicts and physical violence at home among Icelandic adolescents; and (2) to investigate the association of witnessing and/or having been a part of intrafamilial conflict or physical violence at home with variables that relate to mental health and well-being.

Methods

The participants were 3,515 students, 14- and 15-year-old, in the national compulsory school system in Iceland. As a part of the 2003 ESPAD survey, each pupil was asked about experiences of severe verbal arguments and physical violence at home as well as their background, behaviors, and mental health assessed with the use of tested measurement scales such as the Symptom Distress Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.

Results

About 22% of the participants stated that they had witnessed a severe verbal argument between parents and 34% stated that they had been involved in a severe verbal argument with parents. This rate was slightly higher for girls compared to boys. All together 7% of adolescents had witnessed physical violence at home where an adult was involved and 6% of the participants stated that they had experiences of being involved in physical violence at home where an adult was involved. Witnessing or being involved in severe verbal arguments at home and/or witnessing or being involved in physical violence with an adult was significantly associated with greater levels of depression, anger, and anxiety, and negatively related with self-esteem (p < 0.01).

Conclusions

Many adolescents in Iceland witness severe parental verbal arguments or physical violence between adults in their homes and some are directly involved in such acts. It affects their long-term emotional and behavioral development and well-being.

Practice implications

Preventive measures have to be implemented at an early age and should include, but not be limited to, information on disciplining and upbringing of children and the negative impact of intrafamilial conflicts on the long-term health of their children. Due attention should be given to the health and well-being of children where such violence is known to occur.  相似文献   

Problem-based learning: student perceptions of its value in developing professional skills for engineering practice     

Úna Beagon  Dervilla Niall 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2019,44(6):850-865

ABSTRACT

This study explores students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) design project, taken as part of a first-year engineering module, in developing professional skills needed for engineering practice. Students completed surveys before and after the PBL group project, and produced personal reflections on the process. The closed survey questions were analysed quantitatively and the main themes from the reflections outlined using General Inductive Analysis. Students rated themselves as having improved across a range of professional skills as a result of the project, with particular emphasis on teamwork, communication skills, understanding of the design process and self-directed learning. In addition, they highlighted improved confidence, as well as new friendships they developed, an important element of a module like this as they transition from secondary to higher education. They were particularly positive about the scaffolded approach taken within the PBL project in terms of its contribution to their learning.  相似文献   

一种伸缩杆-水平滑块式并联机器人运动学及静力学计算     

于维纳  原所先 《辽宁科技学院学报》2003,5(1):24-26,34

文章介绍了一种伸缩杆-水平滑块式三自由度并联机器人机构，根据该机构的结构建立了其运动学方程导出其雅可比矩阵，并对该机构的静力学方程进行了推导。该机器人机构运动学方程正、逆解均具有显式解；其雅可比矩阵在工作空间内不存在奇异点；具有三个平动方向的运动自由度，是一种具有实用价值的机器人机构。  相似文献   

玉米幼苗干旱过程中钙的效应   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

郭丽红  杨晓虹  陈善娜  龚明 《昆明师范高等专科学校学报》2003,25(4):39-42

CaCl2处理明显地提高了玉米幼苗的抗旱性，而且能使热激诱导抗旱性过程中的抗氧化酶GR的活性、热稳定蛋白质及游离脯氨酸的含量升高，而降低质膜相对透性，表明CaCl2可能是通过GR、热稳定蛋白质和脯氨酸的抗氧化作用保护细胞膜免受破坏或破坏程度受到削弱而提高植物抗旱性。  相似文献   

陶行知平民教育思想与当今乡镇社区教育     

宋丽娜 《大连教育学院学报》2002,18(4):26-27

陶行知的平民教育思想在中国 2 0世纪上半叶影响广泛 ,他的“社会即学校”、教育与生活实际相结合、利用的社区一切可利用的资源为教育服务、“乡村学校应当做改造乡村生活的中心”的思想对当今开展乡镇社区教育仍具有参考价值  相似文献   

《热情奏鸣曲》的音乐特点   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马丽娜 《宁波教育学院学报》2002,4(2):57-59

贝多芬《热情奏鸣曲》具有音乐素材简洁、结构安排新颖独特、奏鸣曲式的拓展等特点  相似文献   

Editorial H-score as a metric of inner authenticity for national scientific journals—Pilot study for the field of pedagogy     

Petr Novotný  Karolína Kotvaltová Sezemská  Romana Schubertová  Vanda Janštová 《Learned Publishing》2023,36(2):194-204

There is evidence that national scientific journals are important for local communities despite their limited audience due to national languages and topics, like in pedagogy. However, it is not easy to assess the level of scientific rigour of local journals, as most do not have available scientometric data and are often published in minority languages. We hypothesize that a possible manifestation of a latent trait of inner authenticity of the scientific journal (meaning the journal is accepted by a community interested in developing the field which conducts internationally accepted research) could be H-index of the editorial board members. To test this approach, we evaluated H-index and gender of editorial board members (n = 490) from 17 Czech and Slovak national science-oriented scientific pedagogical journals which were not indexed or indexed in Erih+ or Scopus, and compared this with the five lowest-rated journals from the same field indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) database. The H-index of editorial board members was somewhat higher in indexed journals with those from WoS showing higher scores, and the number of board members with no discernable H-index was far greater in non-indexed journals. Editorial boards of journals indexed in WoS were mostly male, compared to a dominance of women on boards of non-indexed journals. Acknowledging the limited sample, it appears that the H-index of editorial board members may be a way to value national scientific journals.  相似文献   

The effects of adult literacy on earnings and employment     

Maúna Soares de Baldini Rocha Vladimir Ponczek 《Economics of Education Review》2011,30(4):755-764

This paper provides evidence of the effects of adult literacy on individuals’ income and employability in Brazil based on information obtained from the monthly employment survey (PME). The OLS results indicate that after controlling for observable characteristics, there is a 21.25% increase in wages for individuals who become literate; however, there is no significant impact on employability. Moreover, the findings show an 8.1% increase in the probability of being employed in the formal sector. We also explore the longitudinal structure of the dataset to control for unobservable fixed characteristics of individuals. The fixed-effects estimators show smaller effects compared to the OLS estimators. We find that literacy has a 4.4% effect on wages and a 4.3% impact on the probability of being formally employed. The effects are significantly different from zero.  相似文献   

The influence of live- vs. video-model presentation on the early acquisition of a new complex coordination     

Léna Lhuisset  Eric Margnes 《Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy》2015,20(5):490-502

Background: Demonstration is a widely used method in sports teaching and coaching, based on the assumption that it is more beneficial than verbal instructions or trial-and-error methods for skill acquisition. Although in teaching/coaching situations, the demonstration is usually carried out in front of the learners, in a research context, it is most often presented via a video. However, a direct comparison between these two types of model has rarely been undertaken in a motor context.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of the observation of a live and a videomodel for the early acquisition of a complex judo movement.

Research Design: Participants observed either a live or a videomodel executing the task. After observation, they practised for three minutes taking five trials and then performed it for analysis. This procedure was repeated three times. The form and technique of each participant's execution were evaluated using a technical score.

Main results: The results indicated a significant improvement in the task execution by the end of the practice session. However, this improvement occurred only for the video-model group between the second and third blocks of practice.

Conclusions: The video demonstration seems more effective than the live one for the early acquisition of a completely new complex coordination. This may be due to the simplification of the visual information in the former condition because of its two-dimensionality. This simplification may allow the observer to identify the more key elements that would guide him/her for the subsequent performance of the task.  相似文献   

哈尔滨市冰雪旅游产品深度开发研究     

徐淑梅  李喜娜  王闯 《冰雪运动》2012,(5):73-77

冰雪旅游产品伴随着冰雪旅游业发生、发展,并成为冰雪旅游产业的重要组成部分。通过对哈尔滨市冰雪旅游环境背景及其冰雪旅游产品开发现状的分析,同时结合国内外冰雪旅游产品市场需求的发展趋势,指出哈尔滨冰雪旅游产品深度开发的意义和面临的问题,并从冰雪体育产品、娱乐产品、文化产品、节庆产品、服务产品等多方面论述了深度开发的策略,期望为哈尔滨冰雪旅游产品的开发提供一些有价值的参考。  相似文献