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Michelle Fava 《The International Journal of Art & Design Education》2020,39(2):319-332
This research surveys changing attitudes to drawing pedagogy, in the context of digitisation, moves toward student‐centred learning in art & design higher education, and anecdotal reports of declining competence. Based on student, teacher and examiner’s experiences, it has been possible to gain insights into how drawing instruction has changed over the past generation. This article examines the attitudes, values and concerns of students and educators regarding drawing instruction. The study reveals that, in the UK, drawing skills are considered to be gradually declining, while traditional notions of skill are called into question. Drawing as a means of visual recording, representation and communication remains valued, although no longer essential as it once was; drawing to augment thought process is increasingly recognised as an integral skill which enables innovation. The latter is rarely ‘taught’ but relies on core competencies that many lecturers fear are being eroded. Increasing value is placed on drawing ‘as process’, as provision is moving towards individualised instruction requiring students to work independently. While new technologies are a factor, this article re‐frames the issue as an imbalance between creative outcomes and creative process, with a disparity between school and university levels. This article calls for a renewed emphasis on ‘drawing as process’ as preparation for university, and for further consideration of the core competencies underpinning the use of drawing as a tool of thought, and how these might be standardised. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT In Italy, Law 517 has since 1977 sanctioned the right for all children to attend ordinary schools in normal classes, reduced in number (maximum 20). Integration has been particularly difficult with children affected by various forms of autistic behaviour. In this paper, we shall study the interactive process that has gone on in two of the ten classes of a primary school where ten autistic children have been integrated, each in a different class. The study has been conducted through observation of interaction in the classes, Moreno's sociometric approach and the psycholinguistic analysis of fairy tales written by classmates on the autistic child, compared with ones written on a classmate of their own choice. The autistic child has an average sociometric status (i.e. he is chosen by an average number of classmates who are very popular in the group). Moreover, observation shows that very vulnerable children with fear of confusion of their own identity reject or imitate the autistic children, while bright, well‐adapted and emotionally rich children interact with them in different ways (listening, teaching). These last children in fact observe their autistic schoolmate and try to explain his symptoms and to propose therapies for the disorder. They have also a clear representation of the disorder and its symptoms. 相似文献
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Experiences of maltreatment during childhood and the emergence of sexuality during adolescence are both critical developmental issues that intersect in meaningful ways, yet the two are often isolated from each other in practice. Despite the prevalence of childhood maltreatment, sexuality education does not accommodate young people with trauma histories. This results in curricula and content that ignore the particular needs and experiences of a proportion of students in sexuality education classrooms. Trauma interventions commit a similar oversight by neglecting the prospects for positive, growth-promoting sexual experiences and relationships among young people who have been abused. The failure to account for young people's resilience in the sexual domain results in treatment approaches that emphasise sexual risks (e.g. revictimisation) and problem behaviours to the exclusion of guidance in cultivating positive sexualities. Consequently, many forms of sexuality education and maltreatment interventions may be of limited effectiveness and relevance in promoting the future sexual well-being of young people with histories of trauma. To redress this gap, we advocate for trauma-informed sexuality education, an approach that acknowledges past experiences of abuse, the promise of resilience, and young people's right to positive sexualities. 相似文献
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Learning to Individuate: The Specificity of Labels Differentially Impacts Infant Visual Attention 
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下载免费PDF全文 This study examined differences in visual attention as a function of label learning from 6 to 9 months of age. Before and after 3 months of parent‐directed storybook training with computer‐generated novel objects, event‐related potentials and visual fixations were recorded while infants viewed trained and untrained images (n = 23). Relative to a pretraining, a no‐training control group (n = 11), and to infants trained with category‐level labels (e.g., all labeled “Hitchel”), infants trained with individual‐level labels (e.g., “Boris,” “Jamar”) displayed increased visual attention and neural differentiation of objects after training. 相似文献
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