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Kamal Ahuja 《Resonance》2011,16(10):956-959
The 2010 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Dr. Robert Edwards for “the development of in vitro fertilization”.
The Nobel Assembly stated that the vision Edwards had of discovering a treatment for infertility is now “a reality and brings
joy to infertile people all over the world”. Indeed, looking back over my own familiarity with Edwards and with the treatment
of infertility by in vitro fertilization (IVF), I can think of only very few — if any — disciplines in medicine that owe their origins and their progress
so much to just one man. For Edwards it was his controversial experiments in oocyte maturation and fertilization that paved
the way for IVF. With the gynaecologist Patrick Steptoe, he successfully pioneered the birth of the world’s first IVF baby
in July 1978, and thereby, in that single event, opened the door to IVF for so many individuals and clinics around the world. 相似文献
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Surface features such as uneven playing surfaces, low impact absorption capacity and inappropriate friction/traction characteristics are connected with injury prevalence whereas force impact during foot strike has been suggested to be an important mechanism of intravascular haemolysis during running. We aimed to evaluate intravascular haemolysis during running and compare the effect of running on two different types of surfaces on haemolysis. We selected two surfaces (asphalt and grass) on which these athletes usually run. Participants were randomly assigned to group A (asphalt) or group B (grass) with 10 athletes in each group. Each athlete completed one hour of running at the calculated target heart rate (60-70%). Venous blood samples were collected before and immediately after running. We measured unconjugated bilirubin (UBR) (mg · dl(-1)), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (μ · ml(-1)), haemoglobin (g · l(-1)) and serum ferritin (ng · ml(-1)) as indicators of haemolysis. Athletes who ran on grass demonstrated an increase in the haematological parameters (UBR: P < 0.01, LDH: P < 0.05) when compared to athletes who ran on asphalt (UBR: P < 0.05, LDH: P = 0.241). Our findings indicate that intravascular haemolysis occurs significantly after prolonged running. Furthermore, we conclude that uneven grass surface results in greater haemolysis compared to asphalt road. 相似文献
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ALSHOAIBI Abdulnaser M. ARIFFIN Ahmad Kamal 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2006,7(8):1336-1342
INTRODUCTION The finite element method (FEM) has been widely employed for solving linear elastic and elas-tic-plastic fracture problems. The evaluation of stress intensity factors in 2D geometries by FEM is a tech-nique widely used for non-standard crack configura-tions. Basically, there are two groups of estimation methods, those based on field extrapolation near the crack tip (Chan et al., 1970; Shih et al., 1976) and those using the energy release when the crack propagates. However… 相似文献
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This study aimed at investigating the relationship between intellectual, social, personal and personality variables of academically gifted secondary school students. A total of 297 tenth grade boys and girls were identified on the basis of three main criteria: 1. Academic achievement with special emphasis on Arabic language, science and math scores; 2. Behavioural traits; 3. General mental ability and general adjustment. Data related to socioeconomic status and personal characteristics were also collected. Results of the analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences between gifted and nongifted groups in general mental ability, achievement, general adjustment, behavioural traits, personal and social variables, in favour of the former. 相似文献
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Kamal Lodaya 《Resonance》2009,14(4):367-379
To solve problems occurring in the real world, computing scientists devise algorithms. These algorithms are programmed on
computers and used to solve the problems. But computing scientists also talk about ‘machines’ of various kinds, such as Turing
machines, Mealy machines and von Neumann machines. (These are quite different from actual computers.) This article examines
how algorithms turn into machines. The problems considered are the very elementary ones of addition, multiplication and factoring. 相似文献