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Research in Science Education - The first phase of this multiphase study involves modeling of college students’ thinking of friction at the microscopic level. Diagnostic interviews were... 相似文献
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Brenda M. Capobianco David Eichinger Sanjay Rebello Minjung Ryu Jeff Radloff 《Educational Action Research》2020,28(4):646-667
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to profile four university science instructors who utilized action research as a means of learning how to develop and integrate a novel curriculum innovation – engineering design – in their science courses. Data included curriculum maps, lesson plans, notes from group meetings, and instructor reflections. Data analysis included document review and content analysis. Findings from this study suggest that action research effectively enabled the instructors to 1) establish shared ownership of the project goal – to improve preservice teachers’ learning of science through engineering design; 2) continuously test, revise, and recalibrate their shared instructional products; and 3) leverage multiple sources of innovation. Knowledge generated and used by the instructors represented different kinds of knowledge and distributed expertise resulting in products that were more useful and of higher quality than products created by individuals working alone. Consequently, this resulted in increased use of the products and increased instructor commitment to improve them over time. By simultaneously engaging in research and consequently taking specific action to inform their practice, science instructors in this study successfully created shared instructional products that both guided and enhanced their classroom teaching. 相似文献
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The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey was used to provide information on feeding practices, caregiving, discipline and violence, and the home environment for young children across 28 countries. The findings from the series of studies in this Special Section are the first of their kind because they provide information on the most proximal context for development of the youngest children in the majority world using one of the only data sets to study these contexts across countries. Using the framework of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, in particular the Rights to Survival, Development and Protection, findings are explained with implications for international and national-level social policies. Implications are also discussed, with respect to policy makers and the larger international community, who have the obligation to uphold these rights. 相似文献
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Carina M. Rebello Marcelle A. Siegel Stephen B. Witzig Sharyn K. Freyermuth Bruce A. McClure 《Research in Science Education》2012,42(2):353-371
The purpose of this investigation was to explore students’ epistemic beliefs and conceptual understanding of biotechnology.
Epistemic beliefs can influence reasoning, how individuals evaluate information, and informed decision making abilities. These
skills are important for an informed citizenry that will participate in debates regarding areas in science such as biotechnology.
We report on an in-depth case study analysis of three undergraduate, non-science majors in a biotechnology course designed
for non-biochemistry majors. We selected participants who performed above average and below average on the first in-class
exam. Data from multiple sources—interviews, exams, and a concept instrument—were used to construct (a) individual profiles
and (b) a cross-case analysis of our participants’ conceptual development and epistemic beliefs from two different theoretical
perspectives—Women’s Ways of Knowing and the Reflective Judgment Model. Two independent trained researchers coded all case
records independently for both theoretical perspectives, with resultant initial Cohen’s kappa values above .715 (substantial
agreement), and then reached consensus on the codes. Results indicate that a student with more sophisticated epistemology
demonstrated greater conceptual understandings at the end of the course than a student with less sophisticated epistemology,
even though the latter performed higher initially. Also a student with a less sophisticated epistemology and low initial conceptual
performance does not demonstrate gains in their overall conceptual understanding. Results suggest the need for instructional
interventions fostering epistemological development of learners in order to facilitate their conceptual growth. 相似文献
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Research in physics education indicates that the use of multiple representations in teaching and learning helps students become better problem-solvers. We report on a study to investigate students＇ difficulties in solving mechanics problems presented in multiple representations. We conducted teaching/learning interviews with 20 students in a first-semester calculus-based physics course which covered introductory classical mechanics. Each student was interviewed four times during the semester, each time after they had completed an exam in the course. During these interviews, students were asked to solve a problem they had seen in the exam, followed by problems that differed in the type of representation from the exam problems. Students were provided verbal hints to solve the new problems. We discuss the common difficulties students encountered when attempting to solve problems in different representations and some common themes in students＇ performance. 相似文献
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Bornstein MH Britto PR Nonoyama-Tarumi Y Ota Y Petrovic O Putnick DL 《Child development》2012,83(1):16-31
The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) is a nationally representative, internationally comparable household survey implemented to examine protective and risk factors of child development in developing countries around the world. This introduction describes the conceptual framework, nature of the MICS3, and general analytic plan of articles in this Special Section. The articles that follow describe the situations of children with successive foci on nutrition, parenting, discipline and violence, and the home environment. They address 2 common questions: How do developing and underresearched countries in the world vary with respect to these central indicators of children’s development? How do key indicators of national development relate to child development in each of these substantive areas? The Special Section concludes with policy implications from the international findings. 相似文献
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Zdeslav Hrepic Dean A. Zollman N. Sanjay Rebello 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2007,16(3):213-224
In spite of advances in physics pedagogy, the lecture is by far the most widely used format of instruction. We investigated
students’ understanding and perceptions of the content delivered during a physics lecture. A group of experts (physics instructors)
also participated in the study as a reference for the comparison. During the study, all participants responded to a written
conceptual survey on sound propagation. Next, they looked for answers to the survey questions in a videotaped lecture by a
nationally known teacher. As they viewed the lecture, they indicated instances, if any, in which the survey questions were
answered during the lecture. They also wrote down (and if needed, later explained) the answer, which they perceived was given
by the instructor in the video lecture. Students who participated in the study were enrolled in a conceptual physics course
and had already covered the topic in class before the study. We discuss and compare students’ and experts’ responses to the
survey questions before and after the lecture. 相似文献
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Stephen B. Witzig Carina M. Rebello Marcelle A. Siegel Sharyn K. Freyermuth Kemal Izci Bruce McClure 《Research in Science Education》2014,44(5):675-698
Identifying students’ conceptual scientific understanding is difficult if the appropriate tools are not available for educators. Concept inventories have become a popular tool to assess student understanding; however, traditionally, they are multiple choice tests. International science education standard documents advocate that assessments should be reform based, contain diverse question types, and should align with instructional approaches. To date, no instrument of this type targeting student conceptions in biotechnology has been developed. We report here the development, testing, and validation of a 35-item Biotechnology Instrument for Knowledge Elicitation (BIKE) that includes a mix of question types. The BIKE was designed to elicit student thinking and a variety of conceptual understandings, as opposed to testing closed-ended responses. The design phase contained nine steps including a literature search for content, student interviews, a pilot test, as well as expert review. Data from 175 students over two semesters, including 16 student interviews and six expert reviewers (professors from six different institutions), were used to validate the instrument. Cronbach’s alpha on the pre/posttest was 0.664 and 0.668, respectively, indicating the BIKE has internal consistency. Cohen’s kappa for inter-rater reliability among the 6,525 total items was 0.684 indicating substantial agreement among scorers. Item analysis demonstrated that the items were challenging, there was discrimination among the individual items, and there was alignment with research-based design principles for construct validity. This study provides a reliable and valid conceptual understanding instrument in the understudied area of biotechnology. 相似文献
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