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This study examined whether the graphemic structure of words modulates the timing of handwriting production during the acquisition
of writing skills. This is particularly important during the acquisition period because phonological recoding skills are determinant
in the elaboration of orthographic representations. First graders wrote seven-letter bi-syllabic words on a digitiser. We
measured movement duration and fluency and evaluated reading performance. In Experiment 1, the words varied in number of graphemes
and grapheme structure. In Experiment 2, the words varied in graphemic structure but the number of graphemes was held constant.
The results revealed that the children wrote the first syllable of the words grapheme-by-grapheme, irrespective of the number
of letters that composed them. They prepared the movement to produce the first grapheme before starting to write. The following
graphemes were processed on-line. They then prepared the movement to write the second syllable. The progressive decrease of
duration and dysfluency values towards the end of the word indicates that the children prepared the entire syllable in advance.
Movement time and dysfluency measures presented very similar patterns in the two experiments. Furthermore, there was a significant
correlation between reading performance and handwriting measures. The grapheme and syllable structure of the words therefore
modulates the timing of motor production during handwriting acquisition. Once the children have learned the phonological recoding
rules, they apply them systematically, irrespectively of the size of the graphemes they have to write. 相似文献
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The visual attention (VA) span deficit hypothesis was found successfully to account for variability in developmental dyslexia (Bosse, Tainturier & Valdois, 2007). We conducted a cross‐sectional study on 417 typically developing children from first, third and fifth grades examining the role of VA span on the development of reading skills. A battery including reading, phoneme awareness and VA span tasks was administered. Results show that VA span predicts variations in learning to read independent of the influence of phoneme awareness. Moreover, whereas the specific influence of VA span on pseudoword reading declines from first to third grade, VA span has a significant and sustained influence across grades for the irregular words. In addition to phoneme awareness, the VA span contributes to reading performance from the beginning of literacy instruction, suggesting that it might have a long‐term influence on specific orthographic knowledge acquisition. 相似文献
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Valdois Sylviane Bosse Marie-Line Ans B. Carbonnel S. Zorman Michel David D. Pellat Jacques 《Reading and writing》2003,16(6):541-572
The present study describes two Frenchteenagers with developmental reading andwriting impairments whose performance wascompared to that of chronological age andreading age matched non-dyslexic participants.Laurent conforms to the pattern of phonologicaldyslexia: he exhibits a poor performance inpseudo-word reading and spelling, producesphonologically inaccurate misspellings butreads most exception words accurately. Nicolas,in contrast, is poor in reading and spelling ofexception words but is quite good atpseudo-word spelling, suggesting that hesuffers from surface dyslexia and dysgraphia.The two participants were submitted to anextensive battery of metaphonological tasks andto two visual attentional tasks. Laurentdemonstrated poor phonemic awareness skills butgood visual processing abilities, while Nicolasshowed the reverse pattern with severedifficulties in the visual attentional tasksbut good phonemic awareness. The presentresults suggest that a visual attentionaldisorder might be found to be associated withthe pattern of developmental surface dyslexia.The present findings further show thatphonological and visual processing deficits candissociate in developmental dyslexia. 相似文献
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This article reports three experimentsinvestigating the use of analogies in spellingacquisition. French children spelledpseudowords to dictation, some of which werephonological neighbours of words with uncommonendings (e.g., /daby/ derived from ``début'/deby/). A more frequent use of these uncommongraphemes in neighbour pseudowords than incontrol pseudowords was taken as evidence forspelling by analogy. In Experiment 1, ananalogy effect was observed in Grades 3 to 5.Younger children did not use analogies, butthey were also unable to spell most referencewords. Experiments 2 and 3 introduced areference word learning phase prior to thepseudoword dictation task. An analogy effectwas found in second graders (Experiment 2) andeven in first graders (Experiment 3) whenchildren knew how to spell most referencewords. Comparable use of analogies was observedin children with comparable lexical knowledgeindependently of their grade level oralphabetic skills. The results suggest thatchildren establish specific orthographicknowledge from the beginning of literacyacquisition and use this knowledge to generatenew word spellings as soon as it isavailable. 相似文献
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Marie‐line Bosse Nathalie Chaves Pierre Largy Sylviane Valdois 《Journal of Research in Reading》2015,38(2):141-158
The self‐teaching hypothesis suggests that knowledge about the orthographic structure of words is acquired incidentally during reading through phonological recoding. The current study assessed whether visual processing skills during reading further contribute to orthographic learning. French children were asked to read pseudowords. The whole pseudoword letter string was available at once for half of the targets while the pseudoword's sub‐lexical units were discovered in turn for the other half. Then memorisation of the targets’ orthographic form was assessed. Although most pseudowords were accurately decoded, target orthographic forms were recognised more often when the pseudowords entire orthographic sequence was available at once during the learning phase. The whole‐word presentation effect was significant and stable from third to fifth grades. This effect was affected neither by target reading accuracy nor by target reading speed during the learning phase. Results suggest that beyond recoding skills, the ability to process the entire orthographic letter string at once during reading contributes to efficient orthographic learning. 相似文献
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The simultaneous auditory processing skills of 17 dyslexic children and 17 skilled readers were measured using a dichotic listening task. Results showed that the dyslexic children exhibited difficulties reporting syllabic material when presented simultaneously. As a measure of simultaneous visual processing, visual attention span skills were assessed in the dyslexic children. We presented the dyslexic children with a phonological short-term memory task and a phonemic awareness task to quantify their phonological skills. Visual attention spans correlated positively with individual scores obtained on the dichotic listening task while phonological skills did not correlate with either dichotic scores or visual attention span measures. Moreover, all the dyslexic children with a dichotic listening deficit showed a simultaneous visual processing deficit, and a substantial number of dyslexic children exhibited phonological processing deficits whether or not they exhibited low dichotic listening scores. These findings suggest that processing simultaneous auditory stimuli may be impaired in dyslexic children regardless of phonological processing difficulties and be linked to similar problems in the visual modality. 相似文献
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