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1.
This study attempts to assess the financial literacy level of retail individual investors in the state of Gujarat, India and its effect on their investment decision. The data collection instrument consisted of a performance test and questionnaire. The performance test was used to measure the financial literacy level of investors. The median percentage of correct answer of the sample was considered to frame the financial literacy level. Forty-four variables of investment decision were studied. Out of a total of 385 respondents, 39.20% of the respondents are considered investors with a higher level of financial literacy and 60.80% of respondents are considered investors with a relatively lower level of financial literacy. This study found that financial literacy does have a statistically significant effect on the investment decision of investors.  相似文献   
2.
Numerous classical genetic studies have proved that genes are contributory factors for obesity. Genes are directly responsible for obesity associated disorders such as Bardet–Biedl and Prader–Willi syndromes. However, both genes as well as environment are associated with obesity in the general population. Genetic epidemiological approaches, particularly genome-wide association studies, have unraveled many genes which play important roles in human obesity. Elucidation of their biological functions can be very useful for understanding pathobiology of obesity. In the near future, further exploration of obesity genetics may help to develop useful diagnostic and predictive tests for obesity treatment.  相似文献   
3.
The present study is an evaluation of the special needs referral system in a large urban Head Start program. To assess the validity of this system, two assessments were conducted. The first examined a representative sample of 105 children who were formally referred for special needs services. The Early Intervention Screening Profile (EISP) was used to indicate the distribution of problem behaviors of these special needs children. Two independent raters evaluated all cases. Reliable evaluations revealed that all of the referred children displayed speech and language problems, with 70% showing only speech problems and 30% showing speech plus emotional and behavioral problems. The second assessment examined reports of teachers’ concerns about children program-wide by obtaining a representative sample of 203 children nominated by teachers as most likely to be identified as having special needs. Teachers completed a modified EISP. Results indicated that over 70% of the children evidenced emotional and behavioral problems with no accompanying speech difficulties and 30% displayed emotional and behavioral problems plus speech problems. Implications of referral biases were discussed.  相似文献   
4.
The present study was undertaken to investigate the relation of retinol with lipid profile of patients with cancers of breast, stomach, oesophagus, colon, gallbladder, pancreas, lung and cervix. Serum retinol was assayed in 120 patients and 40 healthy normal control by reverse phase HPLC using CLC-ODS C-18 columns and retinyl acetate as an internal standard. Significant decease in serum cholesterol and LDL was observed in patients with cancers of esophagus, colon, stomach, pancreas and gallbladder respectively. Retinol was reduced in all forms of cancers but pronounced decrease was observed in oesophagus, gallbladder, pancreas, stomach and colon. Serum Retinol in all patients was directly correlated with total cholesterol and LDL. These findings suggest that therapeutic modalities of this vitamin could be planned for these patients, as vitamin A is known to act as an antioxidant for prevention of certain cancers.  相似文献   
5.
Microsatellite instability (MSI) characterized by alterations at simple repetitive genomic sequences is a distinct mechanism in tumorogenesis. Central nervous system (CNS) tumors have been reported to exhibit MSI, indicator of defective mismatch repair system with controversies. The present study was undertaken to examine sixteen primary brain and two spinal tumors for MSI at six mono: BAT-26, BAT-40, BAX, TGFßRII, IGFIIR and hMSH3 and four dinucleotide loci: D2S123, D9S1851, D9S283 and D18S58. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done to amplify tumour and blood DNA, analyzed on 8% denaturing Polyacrylamide gel followed by autoradiography. Out of 18 CNS tumors examined, 39% exhibited MSI at BAT-26, BAT-40, D9S1851, D9S283 and D18S58 in tumoral DNA. However, no alteration was observed at BAX, TGFßRII, IGFIIR, hMSH3 and D2S123 loci. Low incidence of MS1-high hypothesizes role of MSI in evolution of CNS tumors but not in cancer initiation or progression.  相似文献   
6.
Matrix metalloproteinase [MMP]-2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase [TIMP]-2 are emerging as pivotal players in inflammation and carcinogenesis. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of MMP-2 (−735C > T) [rs 2285053] and TIMP-2 (−418G > C) [rs 8179090] gene polymorphisms in cervical cancer susceptibility in Indian women. We recruited 200 cervical cancer patients from North India and 200 unrelated, age-matched, cancer-free healthy female controls of similar ethnicity. Genomic DNA extraction from peripheral blood samples, collected from the study subjects, was carried out using salting-out method. MMP-2 and TIMP-2 genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism. Our findings demonstrated no significant association between MMP-2 (−735C > T) and TIMP-2 (−418G > C) gene polymorphisms and the risk of developing cervical cancer in the study population. Further stratified analysis using a case-only study approach revealed that there was no effect of MMP-2/TIMP-2 polymorphisms on early and advanced stages of cervical cancer. Further MMP-2 and TIMP-2 polymorphisms did not modulate the risk in cervical cancer patients who smoked tobacco/cigarettes. Overall, the present study demonstrated a lack of association between MMP-2 and TIMP-2 gene polymorphisms and cervical cancer susceptibility in women of Northern India.  相似文献   
7.
Obesity is risk factor for insulin resistance, diabetes, and other chronic diseases. Adiponectin, an adipose-specific protein with antiatherogenic and antiinflammatory effects, were found to be associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and insulin resistance. Our aim to identify possible relationships between circulating adiponectin and obesity as well as obesity related phenotypes. A total of 642, obese and non-obese individuals were included in this cross-sectional study. Hormone and glucose levels were estimated using standard protocols. The adiponectin levels showed a significant decrease with increasing quartiles of insulin resistance index. Subjects in lowest quartile of adiponectin level had a significantly higher risk than those in the highest quartile, with higher body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, percentage body fat, fat mass, fasting insulin, insulin resistance index, total cholesterol (p < 0.001), low density lipoprotein–cholesterol (p = 0.001), very low density lipoprotein–cholesterol (p = 0.002), and Triglyceride (p = 0.002). The present study indicates that adiponectin is significantly associated with obesity, insulin resistance and other obesity related phenotypes.  相似文献   
8.
During natural disasters, mass media facilitate the timely provision of accurate information about health risks to the public. This study informs our understanding of such public health discourse, utilizing a content-analysis of 235 newspaper articles in four major metropolitan newspapers published in the five weeks after Hurricane Katrina hit the Gulf Coast in August 2005. These data reveal that a small and diminishing number of articles included public health information over time, detailed the hurricane impact on affected communities, and used reliable health sources. The implications for future research from a public health and media relations perspective are discussed.  相似文献   
9.
Coumarinic oral-anticoagulants (COAs) are commonly used for treatment of thromboembolic events. However, these medications have a narrow therapeutic range and there are large inter-individual variations in drug response. This is especially important in the initial phases of oral-anticoagulant therapy. Recent advancements in pharmacogenetics have established that clinical outcomes in oral-anticoagulant therapy are affected by genetic factors. The allelic variants of genes like cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1) are closely associated with maintenance dose of oral anti-coagulants. In addition, GGCX (Gamma-glutamyl carboxylase) polymorphism at position 12970 (rs11676382), CYP4F2 (rs2108622; V433M; 1347 C > T) and Apolipoprotein E (APOE) variants have been shown to explain a small but significant influence on dose requirements. There are large differences in the frequencies of these polymorphisms between different world populations which are also related to the requirements of oral anticoagulants. However, the final drug dosage in an individual is determined by complex sets of genetic and environmental factors and several dosing algorithms which combine clinical and genetic parameters to predict therapeutic COA doses have also been developed. The algorithm based dose prediction shows the importance of pharmacogenetic testing in patients undergoing oral anticoagulant therapies.  相似文献   
10.
Background: Imbalance in cholesterol homeostasis may lead to gallstone disease. Apolipoprotein B is sole component of low-density lipoprotein and plays an important role in cholesterol metabolism. The present study was carried out to explore the association of APOB 3′ VNTR, exon 26 XbaI and signal peptide insertion/ deletion polymorphisms with gallstone disease. 214 ultrasonographically proven gallstone patients and 322 healthy, age and sex matched controls were taken for the study. Genotyping was done using PCR followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for VNTR and insertion/ deletion analysis. For APOB XbaI polymorphism PCR product was digested with XbaI restriction enzyme, followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. All statistical analyses were done using SPSS v11.5. Higher repeat alleles of APOB 3′ VNTR polymorphism were more frequent in gallstone patients than in controls. Alleles with more than 57 repeats were present only in patient group. Long (L) alleles with repeat higher than 49, were significantly higher (P=0.000; OR=3.705, 95% CI 2.577–5.326) and medium (M) alleles were lower (P=0.000; OR=0.406, 95% CI 0.304–0.542) in patients than in controls. To nullify the effect of gender, data was further stratified into male and female population. APOB 3′ VNTR, L alleles were imposing risk and M alleles were protective in both male and female population. APOB XbaI and insertion/deletion polymorphisms were not found to be associated with the gallstone disease. Longer alleles of APOB 3′ VNTR occur more frequently in gallstone patients, and may be an important risk factor for the development of gallstone disease. APOB XbaI and signal peptide insertion/deletion polymorphisms may not be contributing to the risk for gallstone disease.  相似文献   
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