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1.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of maximal specific physical effort on postural balance and rifle stability in biathletes in a standing shooting position. The study included 10 junior elite biathletes. The measurements were taken with the Vicon system and AMTI force platform. Postural balance and rifle stability characteristics were determined at rest as well as 1 and 5 min post maximal specific physical effort which was performed on a ski ergometer and continued until exhaustion. Maximal physical effort exerted a significant effect on all examined postural sway and rifle sway characteristics. The duration of the post-exercise changes was longer than 5 minutes. Higher post-effort rifle sway was observed in the vertical direction than in the across the shooting line direction. Post-effort postural balance impairment in the shooting line was much greater than in the across the shooting line direction. Moreover, a strong correlation was found between postural balance and rifle stability. Maximal physical effort influenced postural balance and rifle stability during aiming. Rifle sway during aiming in a standing shooting position seems to be coordinated with the postural sway of the biathlete’s body. Thus, an increase in postural sway contributes to greater sway and lesser stability of the rifle.  相似文献   
2.
Three-dimensional conceptual model for service-oriented simulation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
In this letter, we propose a novel three-dimensional conceptual model for an emerging service-oriented simulation paradigm. The model can be used as a guideline or an analytic means to find the potential and possible future directions of the current simulation frameworks. In particular, the model inspects the crossover between the disciplines of modeling and simulation, service-orientation, and software/systems engineering. Finally, two specific simulation frameworks are studied as examples.  相似文献   
3.
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4.
Early, accurate diagnosis of lysosomal storage disorders is a major challenge, even for trained specialists. Finding innovative, accurate diagnostic methods, and high throughput, cost-effective tools are crucial to medical progress and will contribute to improved quality of life. The goal of this work was to improve currently used protocols to determine activity of acid β-galactosidase, and discuss the possibility analysing lysosomal enzymes with microfluidic systems. A principle of the determination of β-galactosidase activity was fluorometric measurement of a deprotonated form of 4-methylumbelliferone released in the enzymatic reaction. Measurements were performed using Jurkat T cells as a source of the enzyme. We observed the temperature-dependent substrate inhibition effect and determined the substrate (4-MU-β-d-galactopyranoside) concentration which should be used to determine acid β-galactosidase activity at 37 °C (0.8 mM) and at room temperature (0.6 mM). We proved that the sample incubation time may be significantly reduced to only a few minutes. We also showed that the amount of alkaline buffer used to stop the enzymatic reaction may be minimized and even, in some cases, eliminated. The presented results show how the sensitivity of the available methods to diagnose patients suffer from gangliosidosis GM1 or Morquio B disease can be improved. The proposed method may be easily implemented with microfluidic systems, which currently are promising tools for point-of-care applications.  相似文献   
5.
Objective: Iron deficiency is a common complication in patients with polycythemia vera (PV). Hepcidin is a principal regulator of iron homeostasis. The aim of our study was to assess prohepcidin, a hepcidin precursor, and other iron status pa-rameters in the serum of PV patients. Methods: The study was performed in 60 patients (F/M 26/34) aged 38～84 (66±10) years. The control group consisted of 20 healthy volunteers, age and sex matched. The following parameters were determined in blood serum samples: prohepcidin concentration, iron content, unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC), total iron binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation (TfS), and concentrations of ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor (sTIR). Results: All PV patients showed significantly lower levels of prohepcidin, higher levels of sTIR and TIBC compared to the control group. 40% of the patients from the study group showed concentrations of ferritin below the normal range and significantly lower levels of serum iron and TfS, and significantly higher levels of sTfR, UIBC and TIBC in comparison with the rest of the study group. In this group of patients, prohepcidin concentrations were significantly lower than those in other patients. Conclusion: The results indicate that PV patients suffer from iron metabolism disorders. The decreased serum level ofprohepcidin in PV patients may be a result of iron deficiency.  相似文献   
6.
Abstract

This longitudinal study investigated visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in 11 young female volleyball players who participated in extensive training for 2 years. The control group consisted of 7 age-matched female students who were not involved in any regular sports activity. Recordings of VEPs were performed twice: baseline recording (i.e., before training began) and after 2 years of systematic, volleyball-specific athletic training. The effect of athletic training on visual signal conductivity was assessed by recording the latency of N75, P100 and N135 components of the VEPs waveform. Extensive experience with volleyball training reduced signal conductivity time through visual pathway. Specifically, the latency of P100 was reduced on average by 2.2 ms during binocular viewing. Moreover, athletes had reduced N75 latency (difference of 3.3 ms) for visual stimuli that generated greater response from peripheral retina. These results indicate that sport training can affect very early sensory processing in athletes.  相似文献   
7.
A significant body of the literature has documented the potential of Augmented Reality (AR) in education, but little is known about the effects of AR-supported instruction in tertiary-level Medical Education (ME). This quasi-experimental study compares a traditional instructional approach with supplementary online lecture materials using digital handout notes with a control group (n = 30) and an educational AR application with an experimental group (n = 30) to investigate any possible added-value and gauge the impact of each approach on students' academic performance and training satisfaction. This study's findings indicate considerable differences in both academic performance and training satisfaction between the two groups. The participants in the experimental group performed significantly better than their counterparts, an outcome which is also reflected in their level of training satisfaction through interacting and viewing 3D multimedia content. This study contributes by providing guidelines on how an AR-supported intervention can be integrated into ME and provides empirical evidence on the benefits that such an approach can have on students' academic performance and knowledge acquisition.

Practitioner notes

What is already known about this topic
  • Several studies have applied various Augmented Reality (AR) applications across different learning disciplines.
  • The effects of AR on students' perceptions and achievements in higher education contexts is well-documented.
  • Despite the increasing use of AR-instruction in Medical Education (ME), there has been no explicit focus on AR's effects on students' academic performance and satisfaction.
What this paper adds
  • This quasi-experimental study compares the academic performance and training satisfaction of students in an experimental group (AR) and a control group (handout notes).
  • This study provides instructional insights into, and recommendations that may help students achieve better academic performance in AR-supported ME courses.
  • The experimental group reported greater training satisfaction than their counterparts.
Implications for practice and policy
  • Students who followed the AR-supported instruction achieved better academic performance that those in the control group.
  • AR-supported interventions encourage active learning and lead to significant performance improvement.
  • The experimental group outperformed the control group in academic performance and training satisfaction measurements, despite the lower experimental group's lower pre-test performance scores.
  相似文献   
8.
The topic of emotion regulation and its relationship with teacher effectiveness is beginning to garner attention by researchers. This study examined the relationship between emotion‐regulation ability (ERA), as assessed by the Mayer–Salovey–Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT), and both job satisfaction and burnout among secondary‐school teachers (N = 123). It also examined the mediating effects of affect and principal support on these outcomes. ERA was associated positively with positive affect, principal support, job satisfaction, and one component of burnout, personal accomplishment. Two path models demonstrated that both positive affect and principal support mediated independently the associations between ERA and both personal accomplishment and job satisfaction. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   
9.
We have performed microfluidic experiments with erythrocytes passing through a network of microchannels of 20–25 μm width and 5 μm of height. Red blood cells (RBCs) were flowing in countercurrent directions through microchannels connected by μm pores. Thereby, we have observed interesting flow dynamics. All pores were blocked by erythrocytes. Some erythrocytes have passed through pores, depending on the channel size and cell elasticity. Many RBCs split into two or more smaller parts. Two types of splits were observed. In one type, the lipid bilayer and spectrin network were cut at the same time. In the second type, the lipid bilayer reconnected, but the part of spectrin network stayed outside the cell forming a rope like structure, which could eventually break. The microporous membrane results in multiple breakups of the cells, which can have various clinical implications, e.g., glomerulus hematuria and anemia of patients undergoing dialysis. The cell breakup procedure is similar to the one observed in the droplet breakage of viscoelastic liquids in confinement.  相似文献   
10.
Abstract

Culture and education should be recognised as identical. Culture should affect education and education should prepare individuals and society to receive and create culture. Therefore, education has to shape young people’s cultural identity. The author presents students of the Polish socialist secondary school from the period between 1945 and 1989, starting from this perspective. The article shows the role of the overall environment, and the educational context in particular, in shaping a student’s identity in a cultural context. The problem is presented through the dynamics of the influence of the totalitarian system on the secondary school and its students in Poland. The temporal frame (1945–1989) covers the historical period of the Polish People’s Republic when Poland belonged to the Eastern Bloc and remained under the influence of communist ideology. At that time the general secondary school was strongly affected and controlled by the Polish United Workers’ Party. The party authorities indoctrinated young people through teaching and the school-related environment. The author addresses the question: what was the impact of the socialist school’s teaching programme and upbringing on the student and the creation of their cultural identity? She characterises socialist education, the socialist student, and cultural identity. Research is predominantly based on archival sources from The Central Archives of Modern Records in Warsaw, The Archive of the Ministry of National Education, and The Institute of National Remembrance. The author also refers to literature on the subject. Archival research and literature analysis were supplemented by the behavioural-based interview method (interviews with former teachers and students who taught and studied in the years 1945–1989).  相似文献   
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