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Study on arsenic level in public water supply of Delhi using hydride generator accessory coupled with atomic absorption spectrophotometer 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sanjeev Lalwani T. D. Dogra D. N. Bhardwaj R. K. Sharma O. P. Murty 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(1):70-76
Exposure to arsenic has been associated with several health hazards. Worldwide the main reason for chronic human intoxication
with arsenic is intake of contaminated drinking water. Air acetylene type of atomic absorption spectrophotometer in combination
with hydride generator accessory was used to analyze arsenic level in 25 water samples collected from 25 booster pumping stations
and 313 water samples collected from tap water supply of 62 areas of Delhi. Results were analyzed using SPSS and Barlett’s
Chi Square Test. Mean arsenic level detected in water samples collected from booster pumping stations was 0.00976 ppm (Range
0.000–0.017 ppm, Standard Deviation 0.006 and Standard error of Mean 0.00118). Maximum arsenic level (0.017 ppm) was found
in water samples of booster pumping stations of Mehrauli, Punjabi Bagh and Ramjas Road. Mean arsenic level detected in samples
collected from tap water supply was 0.013 ppm (Range 0–0.0430 ppm, Standard Deviation 0.00911 and Standard error of Mean 0.000515).
In water samples of 42 areas arsenic level detected was exceeding WHO/EPA permissible limit of 0.01 ppm (10 ppb). The mean
arsenic level detected in water samples of booster pumping station was within WHO/EPA permissible limit while mean arsenic
level detected in tap water samples was marginally higher. Mixing of ground water and contamination through broken or leaking
channel could be the possible reason of higher arsenic level in tap water. Continuous monitoring of quality of drinking water
is required particularly in view of water contamination caused by industrial waste and uncontrolled ground water extraction. 相似文献
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A. K. Pradhan A. K. Shukla M. V. R. Reddy N. Garg 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2004,19(1):83-87
Oxidative stress was assesed by estimating lipid peroxidation product (LPO) in the form of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
(TBARS), enzymatic antioxidants in the form of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and nonenzymatic antioxidant vitamins
e.g. vitamin C, β carotene and vitamin E in either serum or plasma or erythrocytes in 190 cases of age related cataract in
the age group of 50–80 years. 190 cases were grouped into three morphological types namely, 73 cases of cortical, 77 cases
of posterior subcapsular and 40 cases of nuclear cataract and values of LPO and antioxidants were compared with 78 cases of
age matched healthy control groups. Plasma TBARS levels were cataract cases when compared with control groups. There were
no significant differences in the erythrocyte levels of catalase and plasma levels of Vit E between cataract cases and control
groups. No significant changes of parameters were seen among three different morphological types of age related cataract.
The present study shows that the oxidative stress may play an important role in the age related cataract. 相似文献
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Franky D. Shah Rasheedunnisa Begum Bhairavi N. Vajaria Kinjal R. Patel Jayendra B. Patel Shilin N. Shukla Prabhudas S. Patel 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2011,26(4):326-334
Oral cancer has emerged as an alarming public health problem with increasing incidence and mortality rates all over the world.
Therefore, the implementation of newer screening and early detection approaches are of utmost importance which could reduce
the morbidity and mortality associated with this disease. Sensitive and specific biomarkers for oral cancer are likely to
be most effective for screening, diagnosis, staging and follow-up for this dreaded malignancy. Unlike other deep cancers,
oral cancer is located in oral cavity. Hence, the direct contact between saliva and oral cancer lesion makes the measurement
of tumor markers in saliva an attractive alternative to serum and tissue testing. The DNA, RNA and protein molecules derived
from the living cancer cells can be conveniently obtained from saliva. Thus, salivary biomarkers, a non-invasive alternative
to serum and tissue-based biomarkers may be an effective modality for early diagnosis, prognostication and monitoring post
therapy status. In the current post-genomic era, various technologies provide opportunities for high-throughput approaches
to genomics and proteomics; which have been used to evaluate altered expressions of gene and protein targets in saliva of
oral cancer patients. The emerging field of salivary biomarkers has great potentials to prove its clinical significance to
combat oral cancer. Hence, we have reviewed importance of several salivary genomics and proteomics biomarkers for oral cancer. 相似文献
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Sanjeev Shruthi Molly Mary Thabah Bobby Zachariah Vir Singh Negi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2021,36(2):185
To study oxidative stress in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by estimating serum oxidised LDL (OxLDL), 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total anti-oxidant status and to correlate with SLE disease activity and disease damage. Eighty SLE patients satisfying the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology (SLICC/ACR) 2012 criteria and 80 healthy controls were studied. Exclusion criteria were infections, renal insufficiency, other connective tissue diseases, drug-induced lupus, smoking, alcohol consumption. Disease activity was measured by SLE disease activity index-2 K (SLEDAI), disease damage was quantified by SLICC-Damage Index (SDI). Sera was tested for OxLDL, 8-OHdG, and total antioxidant status (TAS) by double-antibody sandwich ELISA; MDA measured by Colorimetric assay. Oxidative stress markers were compared between group1- controls, group 2-mildly active SLE (SLEDAI ≤ 5), group 3- moderate to highly active SLE (SLEDAI ≥ 6). SLE patients had significantly higher MDA, 8-OHdG and lower TAS when compared to healthy controls, while OxLDL was similar in the three groups. MDA, 8-OHdG were significantly higher, TAS lower in group 3 compared to group 2. MDA had positive correlation with SLEDAI, TAS negatively correlated with SLEDAI. SLE with neuropsychiatric manifestations, vasculitis, anti-sdDNA antibodies had higher MDA, MDA/TAS ratio. SLE patients with thrombocytopenia, and vasculitis had higher OxLDL. Only OxLDL was significantly higher in those patients who have SDI > 1. SLE patients have increased oxidative stress measured by increases in MDA, 8-OHdG, and lower total antioxidant status that was associated with disease activity and some disease manifestations. However only OxLDL was associated with damage. 相似文献
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The quality of evaluation of essay type answer books involving multiple evaluators for courses with large number of enrollments is likely to be affected due to heterogeneity in experience, expertise and maturity of evaluators. In this paper, we present a strategy to detect anomalies in evaluation of essay type answers by multiple evaluators based on the relationship between marks/grades awarded and symbolic markers, opinionated words recorded in answer books during evaluation. Our strategy is based on the results of our survey with evaluators, analysis of large number of essay type evaluated answer books and our own experiences regarding grievances of students regarding marks/grades. Results of both survey and analysis of evaluated answer books identified underline, tick and cross as frequently used markers compared to circle and question mark. Further, both opinionated words and symbolic markers identified through the survey are used by evaluators to express either positive or negative sentiments. They have differential usage pattern of these symbols as single evaluator and as one amongst multiple evaluators. Tick and cross have well define purposes and have strong correlation with marks awarded. However, the underline marker is being used for dual purpose of expressing both correctness and incorrectness of answers. Our strategy of inconsistency detection first identifies outliers based on the relationship between marks/grades awarded and number of symbols and/or opinionated words used in evaluation. Subsequently, marks and number of symbolic markers of outliers are compared with peer non-outlier answer books having same marks but different number of markers used. Such outlier answer books are termed as anomalous. We discovered 36 anomalies out of total 425 evaluated answer books. We have developed a prototype tool to facilitate online evaluation of answer book and to proactively alert evaluators of possible anomalies. 相似文献
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Study on arsenic level in ground water of Delhi using hydride generator accessory coupled with atomic absorption spectrophotometer 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sanjeev Lalwani T. D. Dogra D. N. Bhardwaj R. K. Sharma O. P. Murty Aarti Vij 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2004,19(2):135-140
Surveillance of drinking water is essentially a health measure intended to protect the public from water borne diseases. Hydride
generator accessory coupled with atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to analyze arsenic level in 49 ground water
samples collected from different areas of Delhi. Arsenic level in ground water samples was in the range of 0.0170 to 0.100
ppm (Mean-0.0431, Standard Deviation-0.0136, Std. error of Mean-0.00194) with minimum concentration at Raney Well No. 7 (0.0170
ppm) and maximum at Kotla Mubarak Pur (0.100 ppm). Arsenic containing sediments and percolation of chemicals into soil as
the result of dumping of garbage rich in chemicals into open landfills could be the possible source of arsenic in ground water
of Delhi. Extensive survey and continuous monitoring is required to be made to assess the magnitude of problem and earlier
intervention. 相似文献
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A K Shukla 《Resonance》2001,6(11):49-62
Road transportation as an important requirement of modern society is presently faced with restrictions in mainly two respects,
namely the ever tightening emission legislation as well as the availability of petroleum fuels, and as a consequence the fuel
cost. But in any review of power sources for future road transport vehicles, the performance of the existing internal combustion
engine is likely to be the yardstick against which other power sources will be compared. The power sources most likely to
provide favourable comparison are those, which can display comparable range and speed, long and reliable life and manufactured
at a cost comparable to petrol engine. A vehicle which fails in any of these requirements is unlikely to achieve anything
but a niche market share. This article is an appraisal of a variety of proposed electrochemical systems, viz. rechargeable
batteries, fuel cells and supercapacitors, for an electric car. It is surmised that a viable electric car could be powered
with a fuel cell to provide power for cruising and climbing coupled in parallel with a supercapacitor/battery bank to deliver
additional short-term burst-power during acceleration.
A K Shukla is a Professor at the Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. His current
research interests are in materials electrochemistry with special emphasis on batteries, fuel cells and supercapacitors. 相似文献
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Harnessing sunlight for the production of electrical energy is an engrossing prospect. The crucial concept underlying the success of solar power stations is energy storage and its retrieval on demand which can be most effectively achieved with storage batteries. This article highlights the chemistry of existing and emerging battery technologies. 相似文献