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This study explores the impact of governmental support policies on the innovation of SMEs in the regional strategic industries in South Korea. We use the technological development assistance funds as a proxy for governmental support policies for SMEs in the regional industries in Korea. The innovation of SMEs is measured by technological innovation: patent, utility model, trademark, and new design registrations. Before empirically testing the impact of governmental support policies on the innovation of SMEs, this study reviews the literature concerning the innovation and the governmental support policies of SMEs in regional industries. Results from empirical models, which simultaneously control for factors which were thought to affect the innovation of regional SMEs, indicate that a positive relationship exists among the technological development assistance by the Korean government and patent acquisitions and new design registrations of regional SMEs. Networks with universities also have a positive relationship with patent acquisitions and new design registrations of regional SMEs. This study suggests there is an importance to governmental financial aids for regional SME innovations, and there is an importance to the need to build a strong social relationship in today's networked economy. 相似文献
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The Internet has gained much importance as a resource for older adults during recent years, for example, as a resource for maintaining lifelong learning. However, available studies targeting the adoption of the Internet have mostly focused on young-old, healthy, and community-dwelling adults. To our knowledge, no study has yet examined Internet use among individuals living in residential care facilities (RCF), that is, old–old adults with a range of functional impairments. We provide data on the Internet use in a large sample of 1,212 residents (mean age, 87.9 years) living in 24 RCFs in Zurich, Switzerland. We found that 14% of residents used the Internet, a very similar proportion as previously reported in a Swiss survey of older adults in private households. However, when stratified according to age, individuals aged 65–84 years in RCFs had lower Internet use compared with community-dwelling older adults (21% versus 65%, respectively). No difference was observed among individuals aged ≥85 years. Compared with non-users, Internet users were more likely to be younger, male, living for a shorter duration in RCF, not living alone in the institution, and healthier and functionally unimpaired. Internet users also described themselves as having higher autonomy and satisfaction with life. In conclusion, Internet use has reached (at least in Switzerland) the long-term care sector and appears to play a significant role in the lives of a considerable portion of RCF residents. 相似文献
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This paper presents a spheroid chip in which three-dimensional (3D) tumor spheroids are not only formed by gravity-driven cell aggregation but also cultured at the perfusion rates controlled by balanced droplet dispensing without fluidic pumps. The previous spheroid chips require additional off-chip processes of spheroid formation and extraction as well as bulky components of fluidic pumps. However, the present spheroid chip, where autonomous medium droplet dispensers are integrated on a well array, achieves the on-chip 3D tumor spheroid formation and perfusion culture using simple structure without bulky fluidic pumps. In the experimental study, we demonstrated that the spheroid chip successfully forms 3D tumor spheroids in the wide diameter range of 220 μm–3.2 mm (uniformity > 90%) using H358, H23, and A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells. At the pump-less perfusion culture (Q = 0.1–0.3 μl/min) of spheroids, the number of H358 cells in the spheroid increased up to 50% from the static culture (Q = 0 μl/min) and the viability of the cultured cells also increased about 10%. Therefore, we experimentally verified that the perfusion environment created by the spheroid chip offers a favourable condition to the spheroids with high increase rate and viability. The present chip achieves on-chip 3D tumor spheroid formation and pump-less perfusion culture with simple structure, thereby exhibiting potential for use in integrated in-vivo-like cell culture systems. 相似文献
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