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Elif Turgut Filiz Fatma Colakoglu Gul Baltaci 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2019,18(3):308-316
Adult overhead athletes without a history of shoulder injury show scapular adaptations. There is a lack of detailed assessment of scapular kinematics in junior overhead athletes. This study aims to investigate three-dimensional scapular kinematics in junior overhead athletes. We recruited a total of 20 junior tennis players and 20 healthy children without participation in any overhead sports in this study. Bilateral scapular kinematic data were recorded using an electromagnetic tracking device for scapular plane glenohumeral elevation. The data were further analysed at 30°, 45°, 60°, 90° and 120° during glenohumeral elevation and lowering. Statistical comparisons of the data between groups (junior overhead athletes and non-overhead athletes) and sides (serve dominant and non-dominant shoulders of the overhead athletes) were analysed with the ANOVA. Comparisons showed that, in general, the scapula was more upwardly rotated and anteriorly tilted in overhead athletes when compared to non-overhead athletes, however there was no side-to-side differences when serve dominant and non-dominant shoulders compared in junior overhead athletes. The serve dominant arm of junior overhead athletes had alternations in scapular kinematics when compared with the non-overhead athletes. These findings provide clinical evaluation implications and the need for clinicians to assess for potential adaptations in junior overhead athletes. 相似文献
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Studies were initiated for two consecutive years to find out the effect of time of transplanting and seedlings hill^-l on the productivity of rice in Dera Ismail Khan district of North West Frontier Province （NWFP）, Pakistan. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with split plot arrangements. Main plots consisted of four transplanting dates viz. 20th and 27th of June and 4th and 1 lth of July while sub-plots contained 1, 2, 3 or 4 seedlings hill^-1. Among transplanting dates, June 20th planted crop gave highest paddy yield and net return with I seedling hill^-1. It explains that the use of more seedlings hill^-1 not only adds to cost but is also a mere wastage of natural resources. Based on research findings, we conclude that the use of I seedling hill^-1 is most appropriate for timely sowing otherwise 4 seedlings hill^-1 should be used to compensate for the yield gap in late transplanted rice. 相似文献
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Even though in the early years of the Republic of Turkey Darwin’s theory of evolution was treated as a scientific theory and taught fairly in schools, despite all the substantial evidence accumulated supporting the theory of evolution since then, Darwin and his ideas today have been scorned by curriculum and education policy makers. Furthermore, Turkish students and academics have been faced with unprecedented creationist propaganda for many years. In this paper, we first provide a glimpse of the theory of evolution and creationism in Turkey, we then report the results of our survey study (N = 1,098) about the undergraduates’ acceptance and understanding of Darwinian evolution and some of the socioeconomic variables affecting those measures. Our cross sectional study shows that acceptance and understanding of the theory of evolution is quite low. We criticize the current state of evolution education in Turkey and call for a change towards a scientific treatment of the theory evolution in schools. 相似文献
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维吾尔传统文化以古丝绸之路的灿烂文化,即中原文化、印度文化、波斯文化、阿拉伯文化及古希腊文化等多种文化历史养分滋润、融合、成长,因此,维吾尔族民事惯例的形成有其深刻的历史背景和实践源流,原始自然崇拜、各种宗教信仰以及禁忌习俗为维吾尔族民事惯例的形成奠定了基础,成为维吾尔文化的重要部分。维吾尔族民事惯例不仅仅只是与伊斯兰教法有关,它是各种文化的融合体,并且,在维吾尔社会至今仍然起着重要的社会作用。 相似文献
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Using survey responses from 1300 full-time employees in the Australian Telecommunications Industry, this paper explores the relative effects of task characteristics and sub-unit structure on aspects of information processing. Results of multiple regressions revealed that task characteristics have a greater impact on amounts and timeliness of information. In contrast, structural characteristics have greater effects on the degree of openness and accuracy of information. More specifically: (a) variety and task analyzability were found to increase the amount and timeliness of information; (b) greater sub-unit size tends to reduce openness and accuracy of information, while greater participation and formalization tend to increase these. Further scrutiny of these effects revealed that (a) the impact of structural characteristics on information accuracy and openness (i.e., section-level information processing) were strongly moderated by sub-unit size and (b) the effects of task characteristics on amounts and timeliness of information (i.e., individual-level information processing) were strongly moderated by the nature of the job, as strong differences between administrative, managerial, technical, and engineering positions were discovered in this regard. 相似文献
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Yusuf Ziya Olpak Serdal Baltaci Muhammet Arican 《Education and Information Technologies》2018,23(6):2323-2340
This study investigated the effects of two different accountability scoring mechanisms (ASMs), which were used during the peer instruction (PI) process, on preservice middle school mathematics teachers’ (PSTs) achievements in statistics and probability. In the spring semester of 2016–2017 academic year, 46 third-year PSTs, who had been attending a statistics and probability course, participated in the study. Based on their pre-test scores, the PSTs were randomly divided into two equally achieving groups (Group 1 and Group 2). The data of this study were collected using an academic achievement test and PI and course evaluation forms. A learning management system (LMS), which was a web-based application designed by the first author, was used in collecting the PSTs’ responses to the given conceptual questions. Two different ASMs were used in calculating the PSTs’ PI scores. The findings showed that the PSTs in Group 1 obtained significantly higher overall academic, PI, and post-test scores than the PSTs in Group 2. Therefore, the PSTs’ PI and overall academic achievement scores differed based on the ASM used. Thus, using an ASM during a PI process found to be effective in increasing the PSTs’ engagement in the peer discussion. Finally, the analysis of the PSTs’ opinions regarding to the PI, learning process, and learning environment indicated their overall satisfaction. 相似文献
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The purposes of this study were to analyse (a) if “angle-specific” (AS) flexor and extensor torques were different between ACL-reconstructed and uninvolved limbs, (b) the difference in peak torque occurrence angles for concentric and eccentric knee flexor and extensor torques between involved and uninvolved limbs and (c) if AS concentric and eccentric knee flexor and extensor torques are determinants of performance in the “single-leg hop test” (SLHT) and “vertical jump and reach test” (VJRT) in ACL-reconstructed legs. Twenty-seven male ACL-reconstructed volunteers were included in the study. Isokinetic knee muscle strength, SLHT and VJRT were performed 6 months after ACL reconstruction. No difference was found in extremity and knee joint angle interaction for concentric and eccentric flexor and extensor torques (p > 0.05). Peak torque occurrence angles were not different between involved and uninvolved limbs (p > 0.05). In involved extremities, concentric knee extensor strength at 90° was a determinant of SLHT performance (R2 = 0.403, p < 0.05), and concentric knee extensor strength at 60° was a determinant of VJRT (R2 = 0.224, p < 0.05). Assessment of AS concentric knee extensor strength at 60° and 90° might be important, because these were determinants of functional test performance. 相似文献
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Seyda Gul 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2017,26(5):519-533
Nanobiotechnology, which resulted from the convergence of biotechnology and nanotechnology, is a new field of research, and it has an increasing impact on peoples’ everyday lives. Thus, it is important to measure peoples’ attitudes towards nanobiotechnology, in particular, those who are specifically involved in biology and science education. However, despite the existence of an adequate number of instruments on biotechnology or nanotechnology, for nanobiotechnology, there is no instrument that has been rigorously validated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a nanobiotechnology scale for assessing the undergraduate students’ attitudes. The data were gathered from 236 student teachers enrolled in the departments of biology education and elementary science education. The findings from exploratory factor analysis (EFA) provided evidence for the validity and reliability of the final form of the scale. At total of 36 items were identified and contained within the following four factors, nanobiotechnology awareness, interest in nanobiotechnology, nanobiotechnology education, and the applications of nanobiotechnology. The total variance was 53.021%, and the Cronbach’s alpha for the overall scale was 0.93. The scale was later given to 203 student teachers, the results of which were presented in this study. The results indicated significant differences in gender and department in some of the subscales of the scale. As a result, it is believed that the instrument will be a valuable tool for both instructors and researchers in science education to assess the student teachers’ attitudes about nanobiotechnology. 相似文献