工作特征对农村教师工作压力的影响研究——基于工作要求—资源模型的实证分析     

王爽  刘善槐 《中学教育》2021,18(6):40-50

本研究基于工作要求—资源模型,运用多层线性模型(HLM)探讨工作特征对农村教师工作压力的影响.结果发现,课时数、工作时间、班级规模、任教学科以及班主任等工作要求对农村教师工作压力具有显著正向影响;师资配置、生活补助和培训经费等工作资源充足则有助于降低农村教师工作压力;且工作资源配给能够间接地影响工作要求对农村教师工作压力的作用强度.应为缓解农村教师工作压力提供政策支持,明确教师工作职责边界,缩小校际资源配置差距,构建农村教师综合待遇保障体系.  相似文献   

‘Nowhere that fits’: the dilemmas of school choice for parents of children with Statements of special educational needs (SEN) in England     

Meanu Bajwa‐Patel  Cristina Devecchi 《Support for Learning》2014,29(2):117-135

Giving parents a choice with regard to their children's education has been central to the political discourse of school reform at least since the 1988 Education Reform Act (ERA). With regard to children with a Statement of special educational needs (SSEN), a plethora of policies and laws have given parents the right not only to choose a school, but also to appeal to decisions in the best interest of their children. Yet, despite the discourse of school choice, the implementation and practice of such reforms is neither assured nor simple. Participants in this study indicated that they have little choice of suitable provision and are having to compromise either the academic or the social aspects of their child's schooling. This article argues that for many parents whose children have a Statement of SEN, the choice of a school is often a dilemma, as ‘nowhere seems to fit’.  相似文献   

What Lies between the Religious and the Secular?: Education beyond the Human     

Yong‐Seok Seo 《Journal of Philosophy of Education》2014,48(1):86-99

The current age is characterised by many as secular, and a source of such a characterisation can be found in the Nietzschean claim that thoughts about there being some ultimate reality have to be jettisoned, and human existence and the world need to be embraced as they are. That claim is renewed by some secular thinkers who insist that education has to be reconceived in ways congenial to the new age. It is argued that central to their logic is the dichotomy between the religious and the secular or the otherworldly and the earthly, and that this dichotomy is simplistic as well as problematic. As an alternative to the ‘two worlds’ view, the ‘two aspects’ view is suggested, with an interpretation of reality that the noumenon––the non‐human––has to be taken in the negative sense. Against secularising the domain of education, it is indicated that there still remains a place for education to occupy between the two poles of religiousness and secularity.  相似文献   

关于足球鞋选用的分析     

葛爽 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(5):159-161

在现实的足球运动当中,许多球员(尤指业余爱好者)在球鞋选用方面都存在着一些问题,这十分不利于自我身心健康的发展和球技的有效发挥。为解决这一问题,对于足球鞋选用的理论探析则成为急切的必要条件。本文采用文本分析法和对比观察法,分析了不同特征的球员和各种类型的球鞋情况,认为足球运动员应自觉地根据自身的生理状况和踢球位置等特征来选择与之相适配的"战靴",以便在实际的活动中能够更加充分地发挥自己的驭球技艺,释放自我的运动激情,达成自我实现的目的。  相似文献   

A Moment of Letting Go: Iris Murdoch and the Morally Transformative Process of Unselfing          下载免费PDF全文

ANNA‐LOVA OLSSON 《Journal of Philosophy of Education》2018,52(1):163-177

Higher education as a personal, intellectual and moral cultivation is a longstanding ideal that is constantly challenged by the view that education is merely the development of specific skills for vocational and personal success. Much research argues that the latter understanding makes education a technical affair that creates an egocentric emphasis on the individual students’ ambitions and desires. This article joins in the defence of the former ideal by enquiring into the moral dimensions of education. This is done by turning to Iris Murdoch's idea of moral transformation, with a specific focus on the idea of unselfing. The main argument is that unselfing is a transformative process characterised by a growing attunement to the surrounding world, and the interconnectedness of goal and process is emphasised. Also, to gain a deeper understanding of what unselfing entails I turn to the idea of attention. It is understood as having a specific direction, outward from the egocentric, and as enabling unselfing. The article concludes by suggesting that unselfing can offer a challenge to (higher) education as it entails a moment of letting go of plans and narratives, and of surrendering to the influence of an existence that exceeds the individual. This moment is of relevance to education as it is crucial to the possibility of growing as a moral being as it cultivates a moral manner of relating to others.  相似文献   

官员任期、政策偏好与城市创新     

邓洁潘爽  叶德珠 《科研管理》2023,44(1):114-124

晋升锦标赛下，官员在有限任期内存在晋升预期差异，由此导致的短视行为的变化可能对创新产出造成影响。然而现有文献并未从官员晋升动机视角深入研究城市创新的制度动因，也未曾厘清官员任期等政治体制对创新活动的具体影响机制。本文利用2004—2016年285个城市的面板数据，通过多元统计回归分析，实证检验了官员任期如何通过经济增长目标影响城市创新的机制路径，并从土地财政、环境治理视角提出了新机制路径。研究发现：(1)相对于市长，市委书记任期对城市创新的影响更大，且呈现出显著的倒U型关系；(2)市委书记的更替显著抑制了城市创新水平的提升；(3)机制分析发现，市委书记的任期通过动态影响经济增长目标制定，土地财政依赖以及环境治理水平进而对城市创新产生影响。譬如当经济增长目标越高，官员越倾向于采用短视的扩张策略刺激经济，进而减少对创新活动的投入；(4)异质性分析发现在市场化条件较好，东部以及城市规模较大的地区，市委书记任期对创新的U型特征仍然显著。本文建议政府在推进财政分权体制改革时，应采用因地制宜的推进方式，将“有效市场”与“有为政府”更好地结合起来。本文研究结论丰富了晋升锦标赛理论的经验证据，有助于理...  相似文献   

基金资助论文的开放存取研究 ——基于自科领域八个学科的实证分析          下载免费PDF全文

许鑫  于霜  李丹 《情报科学》2019,37(6):133-140

【目的/意义】从领域、学科、国家/地区多维度了解基金资助及开放存取现状，探索开放存取模式对科学基 金论文的影响力效果，为开放存取进程的推进、科学基金的绩效评估提供参考。【方法/过程】以web of science 数据 库中自然科学领域及其数学、物理、化学、细胞生物学、遗传学、地质学、材料科学、计算机科学八个代表学科的科技 论文为研究样本，统计分析其开放存取及基金资助状况，并进一步对比基金资助下OA论文和非OA论文的影响力 差异。【结果/结论】整体来说，科学基金对论文的开放存取具有一定引导性，但各学科、国家/地区间存在差异。以中 国为代表，科学基金对OA论文的资助成效较好，但OA论文率仅为10%左右，其开放存取仍处于初步发展阶段，被 使用的效果还未完全展现。开放存取模式对基金资助论文的影响力提升作用尚不显著，反映当前开放存取期刊质 量还有待提高的现状，但开放存取模式对数学、遗传学的知识流动性和对地质学高价值研究的发现具有重要的作 用。  相似文献   

提高我国科技成果转化率的三要素   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

刘姝威  陈伟忠  王爽  罗双福 《中国软科学》2006,(4):55-58,123

科技成果转化率直接影响我国经济增长方式的转变进程。为了提高我国科技成果转化率，我们认为应该在国家正在建设的“成果转化公共服务平台”基础上，加强三方面工作：从技术、市场和潜在成果爱让方等方面分析科研项目立项的合理性；通过特派转让专员等方式进行科技成果的市场推广；提供技术支持和资金等加强成果转化后的跟踪服务。  相似文献   

数字图书馆资源的访问控制问题   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李爽 《情报科学》2002,20(12):1292-1294,1297

如何运作和管理数字图书馆庞大的信息库是数字图书馆建设过程中的一个大的挑战，其中的关键问题是如何实现对数字图书馆的访问控制问题。本文详细阐述了访问控制的概念、原理和用于数字图书馆的访问控制技术以及涉及到的相关法律问题。  相似文献   

网络安全浅析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李淑芳  双娜  蒋年德 《科技广场》2006,(2):38-40

文中就网络安全问题介绍了其策略、技术、功能、服务等相关内容,并说明了路由选择技术、加密技术和防火墙技术对网络安全的影响,给出了各技术的分类、主要技术特征,同时使读者对各种技术的实施应用有所了解。  相似文献