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The impact of parental intervention on the quality of children's conflict behavior was examined using observational data from 40 English-speaking Canadian families with 2-and 4-year-old children. Children's behavior in the portions of fights that preceded their parents, interventions was compared to their behavior in fights in which there was no intervention. Also, children's behavior before parental intervention was contrasted with their behavior after intervention. It was found that parents intervened in the most intense fights between their children, fights in which the children displayed few de-escalating strategies. Parental intervention was associated with their children using fewer power strategies coupled with an increase in the use of more sophisticated negotiation moves. It was concluded that parental intervention in sibling conflict has beneficial effects in terms of the immediate quality of the children's fighting. Results were interpreted in light of contemporary models of socialization. 相似文献
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This paper investigates the number of expansion terms to use in automatic query expansion by examining the behavior of eight
retrieval systems participating in the NRRC Reliable Information Access Workshop. The results demonstrate that current systems
are able to obtain nearly all of the benefit of using a fixed number of expansion terms per topic, but significant additional
improvement is possible if systems were able to accurately select the best number of expansion terms on a per topic basis.
When optimizing average effectiveness as measured by mean average precision, using a fixed number of terms increases the score
a large amount for a small number of topics but has little effect for most topics. The analysis further suggests that when
a topic is helped by automatic feedback, the increase is from a set of terms that reinforce each other rather than from the
system finding a single excellent term. 相似文献
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Two studies were conducted to assess the effects of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation on shock-elicited aggression. REM deprivation periods of 0, 24, 48, and 72 h were used in the first study, while 48-, 72-, 96-, and 120-h periods were used in the second study. Both studies indicated that increases in REM deprivation (up to 96 h) resulted in increases in the number of aggressive responses. A decrease was shown by the 120-h group. A drive-energization or motivational-effects model is suggested. 相似文献
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Kirk Roberts Matthew Simpson Dina Demner-Fushman Ellen Voorhees William Hersh 《Information Retrieval》2016,19(1-2):113-148
Providing access to relevant biomedical literature in a clinical setting has the potential to bridge a critical gap in evidence-based medicine. Here, our goal is specifically to provide relevant articles to clinicians to improve their decision-making in diagnosing, treating, and testing patients. To this end, the TREC 2014 Clinical Decision Support Track evaluated a system’s ability to retrieve relevant articles in one of three categories (Diagnosis, Treatment, Test) using an idealized form of a patient medical record. Over 100 submissions from over 25 participants were evaluated on 30 topics, resulting in over 37k relevance judgments. In this article, we provide an overview of the task, a survey of the information retrieval methods employed by the participants, an analysis of the results, and a discussion on the future directions for this challenging yet important task. 相似文献
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Modern retrieval test collections are built through a process called pooling in which only a sample of the entire document
set is judged for each topic. The idea behind pooling is to find enough relevant documents such that when unjudged documents
are assumed to be nonrelevant the resulting judgment set is sufficiently complete and unbiased. Yet a constant-size pool represents
an increasingly small percentage of the document set as document sets grow larger, and at some point the assumption of approximately
complete judgments must become invalid. This paper shows that the judgment sets produced by traditional pooling when the pools
are too small relative to the total document set size can be biased in that they favor relevant documents that contain topic
title words. This phenomenon is wholly dependent on the collection size and does not depend on the number of relevant documents
for a given topic. We show that the AQUAINT test collection constructed in the recent TREC 2005 workshop exhibits this biased
relevance set; it is likely that the test collections based on the much larger GOV2 document set also exhibit the bias. The
paper concludes with suggested modifications to traditional pooling and evaluation methodology that may allow very large reusable
test collections to be built.
相似文献
| Ellen VoorheesEmail: |
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Lisa Hochtritt Willa Ahlschwede Bonnie Halsey‐Dutton Laura Mychal Fiesel Liz Chevalier Taylor Miller Chelsea Farrar 《The International Journal of Art & Design Education》2018,37(2):287-299
In this article we explore examples of public pedagogical actions and interventions, reading them through a social justice education framework lens. In our discussion we start with definitions of social justice, public pedagogy and case study methodologies. Then, we look at a variety of international examples to highlight the pervasiveness of public pedagogical opportunities in visual culture that include a festival, an individual, a citywide symposium, an online community, a cultural group and a museum exhibition. They are divided into three categories based on social justice principles suggested by Ayers et al. and later interpreted by Dewhurst: (1) Public pedagogy and social justice is rooted in people's experiences: Fiesta del Señor de Choquekillka: Ollantaytambo, Peru and Janet Weight Reed – an artist's public pedagogy utilising social media; (2) Public pedagogy and social justice is a process of reflection and action together: Ideas City Festival and the Vlogbrothers; (3) Public pedagogy and social justice seeks to dismantle systems of inequality to create a more humane society: CULTURUNNERS and sh[OUT]: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Intersex art and culture. It is our hope that in looking more closely at these international examples of public pedagogy and social justice education that the power of such alternative sites of learning is apparent and encourages further interventions and investigations in such spaces of inquiry. 相似文献
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The relevance feedback process uses information derived from an initially retrieved set of documents to improve subsequent search formulations and retrieval output. In a Boolean query environment this implies that new query terms must be identified and Boolean operators must be chosen automatically to connect the various query terms. In this study two recently proposed automatic methods for relevance feedback of Boolean queries are evaluated and conclusions are drawn concerning the use of effective feedback methods in a Boolean query environment. 相似文献
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Robert J. Engeszer William Olmstadt Jan Daley Monique Norfolk Kara Krekeler Monica Rogers Graham Colditz Victoria V. Anwuri Scott Morris Mychal Voorhees Brenda McDonald Jackie Bernstein Paul Schoening Lee Williams 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2016,104(1):62-66
A partnership to improve access to health information via an urban public library system was established in St. Louis, Missouri, in 2011. A multiyear project was outlined that included an information needs assessment, a training class for public library staff, information kiosks at library branches for delivering printed consumer health materials, and a series of health-related programming. The partnership evolved to include social service and community organizations to carry out project goals and establish a sustainable program that met the health and wellness interests of the community. 相似文献