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1.
The emerging political consciousness of the Russian people isanalyzed against a background of severe constraints in the Sovietera on public opinion formation. Problems in the transitionto democracy and representative government are reflected inheightened interest in politics, volatile levels of confidencein key political institutions, and deep uncertainty about thefuture in both economic and political terms. 相似文献
2.
Cipriano Christina Barnes Tia Navelene Kolev Lyubo Rivers Susan Brackett Marc 《Learning Environments Research》2019,22(1):1-12
Learning Environments Research - Teacher–student interactions contribute to the quality of the classroom environment. Although numerous measures of these interactions exist, few target the... 相似文献
3.
Nikolai N. Pakhomov 《Higher Education in Europe》1989,14(3):58-59
In this article, the author replies to the previous article by Helene Ahrweiler. In general he agrees with Mrs. Ahrweiler but cautions that a true university of Europe must be more than a university “of the twelve” and that, despite all that high technology communications can contribute to the formation of university networks, a common university of Europe should have physical individuality so that a proper student‐teacher rapport can exist. 相似文献
4.
Michail Lubomirov Michailov Jiří Baláš Stoyan Kolev Tanev Hristo Stoyanov Andonov Jan Kodejška Lee Brown 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2018,89(2):246-254
Purpose: An advanced system for the assessment of climbing-specific performance was developed and used to: (a) investigate the effect of arm fixation (AF) on construct validity evidence and reliability of climbing-specific finger-strength measurement; (b) assess reliability of finger-strength and endurance measurements; and (c) evaluate the relationship between finger flexor all-out test scores and climbing ability. Methods: To determine the effect of AF, 22 male climbers performed 2 maximal strength and all-out tests with AF (shoulder and elbow flexed at 90°) and without AF (shoulder flexed at 180° and elbow fully extended). To determine reliability, 9 male climbers completed 2 maximal strength tests with and without AF and an all-out and intermittent test without AF. Results: The maximal strength test without AF more strongly determined climbing ability than the test with AF (r2 = .48 and r2 = .42 for sport climbing; r2 = .66 and r2 = .42 for bouldering, respectively). Force and time variables were highly reliable; the rate of force development and fatigue index had moderate and low reliability. The maximal strength test with AF provided slightly higher reliability than without AF (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.94, ICC = 0.88, respectively). However, smaller maximal forces were achieved during AF (484 ± 112 N) than without AF (546 ± 132 N). All-out test average force had sufficiently high reliability (ICC = 0.92) and a relationship to sport climbing (r2 = .42) and bouldering ability (r2 = .58). Conclusion: Finger strength and endurance measurements provided sufficient construct validity evidence and high reliability for time and force parameters. Arm fixation provides more reliable results; however, the position without AF is recommended as it is more related to climbing ability. 相似文献
5.
Until recently, the links between Rockefeller philanthropies and Russianscience and medicine during the 1920s have been virtually ignored, both inofficial Foundation histories and in Soviet accounts of foreign scientificrelations. Materials from the newly-opened Russian archives and the Rockefeller Archive Center reveal dense and tangled connections between multiple Rockefeller givers and multiple Russian takers. Examining the `Russian matter' from the perspective of both `givers' and `takers', this article highlights the impact of domestic and international politics on giving and taking across borders, and reveals the range of meanings of`internationalism' in philanthropy. 相似文献
6.
Alexander Sokol David Oget Michel Sonntag Nikolai Khomenko 《Thinking Skills and Creativity》2008,3(1):34-46
The given paper presents the results of an empirical study into the efficacy of the Thinking Approach (TA) to language teaching and learning which is aimed at the development of students’ inventive thinking skills in the context of foreign language education, namely learning of English. The study was conducted among upper secondary students of two schools in Latvia and aimed to answer whether students working with the Thinking Approach demonstrate an increase in their inventive thinking skills. An inventive thinking test was employed as the research instrument. The results of the study suggest that students working with the TA demonstrate a significant increase in their inventive thinking skills in comparison with the control group (t = 3.32, p = 0.001). At the same time a number of limiting factors that appeared in the process of the study due to its naturalistic setting call for further research that could increase the reliability of the findings. 相似文献
7.
Havu-Nuutinen Sari Kewalramani Sarika Veresov Nikolai Pöntinen Susanna Kontkanen Sini 《Research in Science Education》2022,52(4):1093-1108
Research in Science Education - This research is a comparative study of Finnish and Australian science curricula in early childhood education (EC). The study aims to figure out the constructivist... 相似文献
8.
Jennifer R. A. Nikolai Gregory Bennett Stefan Marks Geoff Gilson 《The International Journal of Art & Design Education》2019,38(1):137-152
This article is an interdisciplinary reflective response to an intensive studio learning and teaching experience involving artists, academics and postgraduate students. The authors of this article teach, research and practise in coding, digital design, dance, and virtual and live performance. As lecturers and students we reflect upon and propose future approaches to art practice in tertiary education informed by live performance, performance capture and studio‐based responses to digital and virtual platforms. We reflect on an innovative contribution to the field of research–teaching nexus as informed by digital and virtual data capture identifying the key element of immediacy in live performance and choreographic improvisation with systems. We reflect on practice‐based inquiry via the Choreographic Coding Lab (CCL) model – a dialogical negotiation between capture technology and interdisciplinary artists in industry and academia. How can we encourage potential studio inquiry as an adapted model in tertiary learning and teaching? Our interdisciplinary voices, presented as authors’ reflections, provide suggestions for future studio‐based, active learning contexts. 相似文献
9.
Nikolai D. Nikandrov 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1995,41(1-2):47-57
During seven decades following the Revolution, Russian education became overburdened with ideology; no discussion was possible about general human values that might transcend class boundaries. In the wake of perestroika, there was an extreme counter-reaction against everything connected with Soviet education. This has resulted in colossal pessimism among many educationists and teachers, who feel that the entire educational system is in ruins. Additional problems are created by the commercialization of all spheres of life and the growth of criminality. Teachers are unclear about what values should be inculcated in schools, and the value of education itself is called into question in a society where it is becoming increasingly difficult to make an honest living. The author welcomes the move towards an educational system based on choice rather than coercion, but he believes it will take many years to develop a new set of values that could be inculcated in Russian schools.
Zusammenfassung In den sieben Jahrzehnten nach der Revolution war das russische Bildungssystem mit Ideologie überfrachtet, eine Diskussion über allgemeine, möglicherweise klassenüberschreitende menschliche Werte war nicht möglich. Im Zuge der Perestroika gab es eine extreme Gegenreaktion auf alles, was mit sowjetischer Bildung zusammenhing. Dies führte zu enormem Pessimismus bei vielen Pädagogen und Lehrern, die das ganze Bildungssystem in Scherben sahen. Zusätzliche Probleme schafften die Kommerzialisierung aller Lebensbereiche und der Anstieg der Kriminalität. Lehrer sind sich über die in der Schule zu vermittelnden Wertvorstellungen im unklaren, und der Wert der Bildung selbst wird in einer Gesellschaft in Frage gestellt, in der es immer schwieriger wird, seinen Unterhalt zu verdienen. Der Autor begrüßt den Trend zu einem Bildungssystem, das eher auf freier Wahl als auf Zwang basiert, befürchtet jedoch, daß die Entwicklung neuer für den Unterricht in russischen Schulen geeigneter Wertvorstellungen viele Jahre dauern wird.
Résumé Au cours des sept décennies qui suivirent la révolution, le système éducatif russe était imprégné d'idéologie et interdisait toute discussion sur les valeurs humaines fondamentales outrepassant les délimitations sociales. La perestroika a marqué l'avènement d'une contre-réaction radicale, condamnant tout ce qui avait trait à l'éducation soviétique. Ceci se traduit par un très grand pessimisme parmi de nombreux éducateurs et enseignants qui voient tout l'édifice éducatif effondré. D'autres problèmes résident dans la commercialisation de tous les domaines de la vie et dans la croissance de la criminalité. Les enseignants restent indécis quant aux valeurs à transmettre dans les écoles, et la validité de l'éducation elle-même est remise en question dans une société où il s'avère de plus en plus difficile de gagner sa vie honnêtement. L'auteur approuve néanmoins l'évolution amorcée vers un système éducatif fondé davantage sur le choix que sur la contrainte, mais estime que de nombreuses années seront nécessaires pour élaborer un nouveau système de valeurs susceptible d'être enseigné dans les écoles russes.
Sumario En Rusia, durante los siete decenios que siguieron a la Revolución, la educación pública estuvo recargada de ideologías, sin que fuera posible ninguna discusión sobre valores humanos generales que pudieran trascender las barreras sociales. A raíz de la perestroika se produjo una extremada contrarreacción contra todo lo que estuviera relacionado con la educación soviética. Esto derivó en un enorme pesimismo entre muchos educadores y maestros, que perciben que todo el sistema de educación cayó en ruina. Además, se han generado problemas adicionales con la comercialización de todas las esferas vitales y con el aumento de la criminalidad. Los maestros ya no saben qué valores inculcar en los colegios, y el valor de la educación misma se está poniendo en duda en una sociedad en la cual es cada vez más difícil vivir honradamente. El autor aprueba el desarrollo hacia un sistema de educación basado en la elección más que en la coerción, pero también opina que el desarrollo de un nuevo conjunto de valores que se pueda inculcar en los colegios rusos aún requerirá muchos años.相似文献
10.
Krementsov N 《Isis; an international review devoted to the history of science and its cultural influences》2008,99(3):486-518
The discipline of endocrinology emerged over roughly the same period in Britain, France, Germany, Russia, the United States, and elsewhere, and its practitioners across the world shared research practices and agendas to a considerable degree. Yet the discipline's institutions, networks, and social practices were firmly embedded in the particular social fabric of concrete locales, and they were built on specific local traditions, resources, and patronage. Through analysis of the origins and early progress of Soviet endocrinology, this essay uncovers numerous factors and multiple actors involved with the institutional development of the discipline in the first decade of Bolshevik rule. As elsewhere in the world, the medicinal use of animal tissue extracts--organotherapy--paved the way for wide acceptance of the ideas of the nascent science of endocrinology by both the Soviet medical community and the general public. Organotherapy also supplied the new discipline with "seed" institutions, technologies, and personnel--the veterinarian Iakov Tobolkin and the therapist Vasilii Shervinskii. But the specific institutional, political, economic, and ideological landscape of Soviet Russia shaped the discipline in a particular way. 相似文献