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Marielle L. J. Le Mat 《Gender and education》2016,28(4):562-580
It has been increasingly recognised that sexual violence in schools is one of the major concerns with regard to promoting sexual and reproductive health and rights. This paper examines how boys and girls define, experience, and interpret sexual violence in a secondary school in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and considers from their perspectives, how sexual violence can be addressed effectively in formal educational settings. Fifteen in-depth interviews and two focus group discussions revealed how these views can be strikingly different for boys and girls: boys sharing a theoretical and instrumental view on sexual violence, as opposed to girls’ emotional views based on their experiences. This major difference in understanding complicates teaching about sexuality, and leaves room for sexual violence to remain tolerated in schools. Nevertheless, all students express the need to learn openly about sexuality, and particularly to reflect on the contradicting messages they receive from their environment. 相似文献
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AbstractSome resilient students with LD succeed ‘against the odds’ and reach college. The goals of the study are to explore their resources and barriers during their studies. The relationships between academic self-efficacy (ASE) and personal resources (sense of coherence (SOC) and hope) among college students with learning disabilities (LD) will be examined. The sample consisted of 438 college students divided into two subgroups: 149 students with LD and 289 Non-LD students. Results indicated that college students with LD reported lower levels of ASE, as well as lower levels of hope subscales and SOC. Persistent challenges of early learning distress experienced by those students during school periods continue to be prevalent during their college years. The ASE was predicted by the personal resources, and the risk factor (tiredness lost its significance). The importance of personal resources (SOC and hope subscales) was further emphasised by the mediation model (PROCESS). They mediated the relationships between LD and ASE. These outcomes call for empowering interventional programmes in order to promote hopeful thinking and personal coherence. 相似文献
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Álvaro López-Samanes Diego Moreno-Pérez José L. Maté-Muñoz Raúl Domínguez Jesús G. Pallarés Ricardo Mora-Rodriguez 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(21):2121-2128
To determine the effect of circadian rhythm on neuromuscular responses and kinematics related to physical tennis performance, after a standardised warm-up, 13 highly competitive male tennis players were tested twice for serve velocity/accuracy (SVA), countermovement vertical jump (CMJ), isometric handgrip strength (IS), agility T-test (AGIL) and a 10-m sprint (10-m RUN). In a randomised, counter-balance order, tennis players underwent the test battery twice, either in the morning (i.e., AM; 9:00 h) and in the afternoon (i.e., PM; 16:30 h). Paired t-tests were used to analyse differences due to time-of-day in performance variables. Comparison of morning versus afternoon testing revealed that SVA (168.5 ± 6.5 vs. 175.2 ± 6.1 km · h?1; P = 0.003; effect size [ES] = 1.07), CMJ (32.2 ± 0.9 vs. 33.7 ± 1.1 cm; P = 0.018; ES = 1.46), AGIL (10.14 ± 0.1 vs. 9.91 ± 0.2 s; P = 0.007; ES = 1.23) and 10-m RUN time (1.74 ± 0.1 vs. 1.69 ± 0.1 s; P = 0.021; ES = 0.67) were significantly blunted during the morning testing. However, IS was not affected by time-of-day (P = 0.891). Thus, tennis performance may be reduced when competing in the morning in comparison to early evening. Therefore, coaches and tennis players should focus on schedule the SVA, power, speed and agility training sessions in the afternoon. 相似文献
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Are boys that bad? Gender gaps in measured skills,grades and aspirations in Czech elementary schools
Petr Matějů 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2015,36(6):871-895
This article examines gender gaps in academic performance (grades in mathematics and reading) between boys and girls of ninth-grade elementary schools in the Czech Republic. Our analysis is based on 2003 data from the Programme for International Student Assessment, encompassing the academic performance and family background of ninth-grade pupils. Similar to research on other countries, we find that girls strongly outperform boys in grades in Czech language, but that this gender gap is not explained by measured ability in reading nor on family background or student attributes. We also find gender bias in mathematics grades, after controlling for measured ability and other factors. Girls are also substantially more likely than boys to apply to secondary grammar schools, as well as aspire to a college education, even after controlling for measured ability. We put forward a number of theoretical perspectives that shed light on the possible causes of these empirical findings. 相似文献
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Negation recognition in medical narrative reports 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Substantial medical data, such as discharge summaries and operative reports are stored in electronic textual form. Databases
containing free-text clinical narratives reports often need to be retrieved to find relevant information for clinical and
research purposes. The context of negation, a negative finding, is of special importance, since many of the most frequently
described findings are such. When searching free-text narratives for patients with a certain medical condition, if negation
is not taken into account, many of the documents retrieved will be irrelevant. Hence, negation is a major source of poor precision
in medical information retrieval systems. Previous research has shown that negated findings may be difficult to identify if
the words implying negations (negation signals) are more than a few words away from them. We present a new pattern learning
method for automatic identification of negative context in clinical narratives reports. We compare the new algorithm to previous
methods proposed for the same task, and show its advantages: accuracy improvement compared to other machine learning methods,
and much faster than manual knowledge engineering techniques with matching accuracy. The new algorithm can be applied also
to further context identification and information extraction tasks.
相似文献
| Lior RokachEmail: |
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Social work introductory textbooks reflect myriad practical interests, pedagogical concerns, and theoretical considerations. However, they also present students with accepted views, dominant perspectives, and main discourses of knowledge. In light of this centrality, the present article examines the representation of the concept of “social class” in introductory textbooks as a way to look at the construction of the concept in social work education. Based on the content analysis study of 50 introductory textbooks, the article suggests that social work education has overlooked or even denied the relevance of social class. Class differences, as part of other categories of power such as race, ethnicity, and gender are crucial factors in explaining diversity and inequality. As social justice is one of the main premises of social work, the question of how to prepare students to deal with class issues as future practitioners seems to be very important, especially in light of increasing social class gaps. 相似文献
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Israeli junior high‐school science teachers usually have a background in biology, and their knowledge of physics is limited. We show that by improving teachers' qualitative understanding it is possible to increase their confidence and willingness to teach physics. We conducted three‐day workshops for teachers (n = 92), which were followed by ongoing activities and support. The teacher workshops were based on a new qualitative approach that we developed for studying mechanics, which has been shown to be effective with students. A study of teachers who had not participated in the workshop shows that they had the same conceptual difficulties as their students. A comparison of pre‐ and post‐workshop questionnaires indicates that the participating teachers gained self‐confidence in their ability to explain everyday phenomena, changed their views about the relevance and interest of physics to the students and were willing to implement the method in their classes. 相似文献
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麦全安 《北京体育大学学报》1999,(3)
运用长期追踪实验法对足球运动员的一般耐力训练作了研究,探讨了三种负荷方法对男子足球运动员肺通气功能的影响,试图为足球运动员一般耐力训练提供一种有效的实用方法。 相似文献
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Libraries continue to be an important source of books for young people, though relatively little is known about how gender and age influence visitation frequency for this purpose. In addition, while supporting children to choose books is part of the role of both school and public librarians, little is known about the strategies and processes children use to select books, and the beliefs and attitudes that underpin them. Findings from the 2016 Western Australian Study in Children's Book Reading offer insights into these areas that can support librarians to guide book choice, and they encourage targeted intervention to ensure that boys and older children make use of their libraries to support their literacy growth. 相似文献