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Michiya Shimbori T. Ban K. Kono H. Yamazaki Y. Kano M. Murakami T. Murakami 《Higher Education》1980,9(2):139-154
Student movements in Japan have, during the 1970s, tended to move from cooperation between various radical sects to bloody conflict among them, from participation by students generally to involvement by only a limited core of committed activists and from a struggle against the universityand society to one against society alone. The end of the war in Vietnam, the economic crisis, and other societal factors have contributed to these changes. The future of the student movement in Japan cannot be accurately predicted but it is unlikely that a powerful and politically effective movement, such as that of the 1960s, will re-emerge in the near future. 相似文献
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Jane W. Yamazaki 《亚洲交流杂志》2013,23(2):156-173
This rhetorical study of Japanese government apologies made in 1990 to the President of South Korea considers national apology as part of a process, rather than as standalone and rhetor-driven text. These apologies demonstrate the interactional and intersubjective nature of national discourse, revealing perhaps surprisingly the role of the recipient and audience in the construction— indeed “co-construction”—of the apology. The role of the media is particularly important in this process. 相似文献
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长期以来,日本的学前教育主要是由具备不同职能的保育所和幼稚园来承担.两者最大的区别在于保育所是由厚生劳动省管辖的儿童福利机构,主要负责为有工作的监护入托管照顾幼儿;幼稚园则是由文部科学省管辖的学前教育机构,主要对幼儿进行学前教育.针对这样一种不合理的管理方式,日本社会一直以来都存有争议,要求行政一体化、设施一体化的改革呼声也此起彼伏.1980年代后半期至1990年代前半期出现了向行政一体化和设施一体化的转化契机.这一契机出现的原因一是出生率的下降,二是适龄待入保育所的儿童数量的增加.日本政府为此出台了相应的政策和措施,但是由于多方面的原因,特别是在当今日本政局不稳定的背景之下,其实施起来还具有一定的难度.本文对保育所和幼稚园的历史发展脉络进行了梳理,对日本学前教育制度改革的两个转化契机进行了阐释,并以此为基础,描述了幼保一体化的动向以及综合设施(暂称)创办的历程、具体构想及其希望达到的目标,并对综合设施(暂称)的组织结构与具体制度进行了阐述. 相似文献
4.
Two rat experiments were run to study the effects of a wide range of signal (CS) intensities on the suppression of licking. In Experiment 1, a light CS was varied over five levels, including zero intensity. Conditioned suppression was found to vary directly with CS intensity, but basal lick rates were not different among groups. In Experiment 2, an attempt was made to disturb the basal rate of licking, while a tone CS was varied over four levels, including zero intensity. Here the suppression of the CS rates was found to be directly related and basal rates inversely related to CS intensity. The results as a whole were consistent with the Perkins-Logan hypothesis regarding the effects of CS intensity upon conditioning, but not with the Rescorla-Wagner model of classical conditioning. 相似文献
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从“科学之科学”到“政策之科学” 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
由于纵观科学结构的所谓“科学之科学”（Science of Science）正转向“科学政策之科学”（Science of Policy）的新方向,为此可以认为,纵观科学结构的科学地图（science map）将移向科学结构中包含的纵览政策的政策地图（policy map）方向。在此背景下,基于科学根据（evidence）的政策制定可以确保其透明性。文章通过应用日本科学技术振兴机构（简称JST）构建的专利和论文整合检索系统（PATLISYS—J）,介绍世界科学结构的可视化,以及将任意研究者详细分析等进行可视化的方法。 相似文献
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结合运动员的工会组织全球化的趋势背景,以最早成立的全球化的运动员工会代表组织——国际职业足球运动员联盟（FIFPro）为中心,从1965年的早期着手开始,到近期的全球足球运动员工会成立,介绍该组织的历史以及在足球领域的立法和司法工作内容,并阐述超越体育运动框架的工会组织全球化的尝试以及今后的展望. 相似文献
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针对当前日本教师缺乏"实践指导能力"的现状,以培养保育员、幼儿园教师与小学教师为主的大阪综合保育大学致力于理论与实践相融合的教师培养模式改革,其教育课程主要分为以培养具有丰富人性的教育者为目的的"基础科目"和以培养实践指导能力为目的的"学科科目"两大类。一至四年级的系统实习指导体制是其教育课程编制的轴心,其中最具特色的是每个学生"与孩子共度1700个小时的体验实习计划"与由专职教师每周指导实习学生一次、学生每周必须提交"体验实习日志"用于交流讨论的专题研讨会。同时学校还为每位学生建立了"个人学习档案卡",根据学生的资质能力提供在校的学习指导以及毕业后的择业帮助。 相似文献
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Takeo Nakayama Nobuko Hirai Shigeaki Yamazaki Mariko Naito 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2005,93(2):237-242
BACKGROUND: The use of a structured abstract has been recommended in reporting medical literature to quickly convey necessary information to editors and readers. The use of structured abstracts increased during the mid-1990s; however, recent practice has yet to be analyzed. OBJECTIVES: This article explored actual reporting patterns of abstracts recently published in selected medical journals and examined what these journals required of abstracts (structured or otherwise and, if structured, which format). METHODS: The top thirty journals according to impact factors noted in the "Medicine, General and Internal" category of the ISI Journal Citation Reports (2000) were sampled. Articles of original contributions published by each journal in January 2001 were examined. Cluster analysis was performed to classify the patterns of structured abstracts objectively. Journals' instructions to authors for writing an article abstract were also examined. RESULTS: Among 304 original articles that included abstracts, 188 (61.8%) had structured and 116 (38.2%) had unstructured abstracts. One hundred twenty-five (66.5%) of the abstracts used the introduction, methods, results, and discussion (IMRAD) format, and 63 (33.5%) used the 8-heading format proposed by Haynes et al. Twenty-one journals requested structured abstracts in their instructions to authors; 8 journals requested the 8-heading format; and 1 journal requested it only for intervention studies. CONCLUSIONS: Even in recent years, not all abstracts of original articles are structured. The eight-heading format was neither commonly used in actual reporting patterns nor noted in journal instructions to authors. 相似文献
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Akiko Yamazaki 《Children‘s Literature in Education》2002,33(1):53-62
Translation of a literary work is never an automatic process but always poses many problems caused by the differences between two linguistic and cultural systems. The difficulty seems to be enhanced if the work to be translated is for children who have little knowledge about the culture from which the text originates. At least, that must be the idea behind the practice of replacing foreign names with familiar ones, a practice still common in English and German translations. The present argument is that this change not only shows a lack of respect toward other cultures but also deprives child readers of the chance to realize the wealth of cultural diversity that surrounds them. 相似文献