影响中学生抑郁的认知因素及其预防   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵庆东  朱新筱 《济宁师范专科学校学报》2004,25(3):58-59

抑郁是中学生的一种常见消极情绪。本文试从自我效能感、自我评价、归因方式、自尊等方面，对影响中学生抑郁的认知因素进行探讨，并在此基础之上提出了一定的预防措施。  相似文献   

Quality and relevance of domain-specific search: A case study in mental health     

Thanh Tin Tang  Nick Craswell  David Hawking  Kathy Griffiths  Helen Christensen 《Information Retrieval》2006,9(2):207-225

When searching for health information, results quality can be judged against available scientific evidence: Do search engines return advice consistent with evidence based medicine? We compared the performance of domain-specific health and depression search engines against a general-purpose engine (Google) on both relevance of results and quality of advice. Over 101 queries, to which the term ‘depression’ was added if not already present, Google returned more relevant results than those of the domain-specific engines. However, over the 50 treatment-related queries, Google returned 70 pages recommending for or against a well studied treatment, of which 19 strongly disagreed with the scientific evidence. A domain-specific index of 4 sites selected by domain experts was only wrong in 5 of 50 recommendations. Analysis suggests a tension between relevance and quality. Indexing more pages can give a greater number of relevant results, but selective inclusion can give better quality.  相似文献   

Parental absence,child victimization,and psychological well-being in rural China     

《Child abuse & neglect》2016

Using cross-sectional data regarding 793 rural children aged 10–16 in Sichuan Province of China, the present study examined the preceding-year rates of seven forms of child victimization (physical assault, property crime, peer/sibling victimization, child maltreatment, sexual victimization, witnessing family violence, and exposure to community violence) and poly-victimization, and found children’s victimization experiences increased as the degree of parental absence increased (from the presence of two biological parents, to parental migration and parental separation and divorce). Elevated levels of depression were also found among left-behind children and children of separated or divorced parents, compared to children living with both biological parents; and child poly-victimization added to the risk of child depression. Certain demographic characteristics (being a boy and younger) and parental factors were associated with child victimization in rural China. This study highlights the need for child protection in rural China, and in particular for parent-absent children.  相似文献   

兰斯顿·休斯的经济大萧条书写     

程细权 《黄石理工学院学报(人文社科版)》2011,(6):50-53,69

兰斯顿·休斯是与时代同行的作家,他的不少作品如实反映了美国经济大萧条。在《无家可归》、《勇气》、《为什么你认为？》三篇短篇小说中,他以底层黑人的视角,描写了经济大萧条对他们生活造成的冲击以及他们的奋起抗争,表达了作者对底层百姓的深切同情,对经济大萧条可能造成的破坏性影响的深深忧虑。  相似文献   

From childhood emotional maltreatment to depressive symptoms in adulthood: The roles of self-compassion and shame     

《Child abuse & neglect》2019

BackgroundEmotional abuse is a form of maltreatment that most strongly predicts adult depressive symptoms in community samples. Introject theories suggest that some depressive symptoms stem from survivors having learned to treat themselves the way they were treated by their perpetrators.ObjectiveMalevolent introjects may undermine self-compassion, which may subsequently maintain feelings of shame. Thus, we hypothesized that self-compassion and shame would mediate the path from retrospective reports of maltreatment to concurrent depressive symptoms in adulthood.Participants and SettingParticipants were 244 adult community members and college students living in a Southwestern American metroplex.MethodWe ran a multiple mediator path model with emotional abuse as the independent variable. We specified four covariates: physical abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect, and emotional neglect, and held constant the variance they explained in self-compassion, shame, and depression.ResultsOur final model accounted for 53.1% of the variance in adult depressive symptoms. A significant indirect effect from emotional abuse passed through both mediators and ended in adult depressive symptoms. We also found an indirect path from emotional neglect to depression passing through both mediators.ConclusionsIt appears emotional abuse and emotional neglect can undermine the formation of self-compassion. Low self-compassion predicts greater shame and depressive symptoms. Our model suggests self-compassion may be a particularly effective intervention point for survivors of emotional maltreatment.  相似文献   

Maternal history of child maltreatment and maternal depression risk in the perinatal period: A longitudinal study     

《Child abuse & neglect》2017

Existing research is limited, with only a few studies considering each single type and multiple types of child maltreatment (CM) as well as multiple assessments of maternal depression throughout the perinatal period. The purpose of the study was to assess each type and accumulative types of CM in relation to the risk of maternal depression throughout the perinatal period. In total, 276 pregnant women were recruited from the prenatal clinic at a general hospital in China. Maternal CM history and depression risk were assessed at late pregnancy, postpartum week 1, and postpartum week 4 using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The GEE showed that physical and emotional neglect and multiple types of CM were associated with higher overall depression risk across the perinatal period. The multinomial regression models showed physical neglect and multiple types of CM predicted higher risk of both antepartum and postpartum depression. Emotional and sexual abuse and emotional neglect predicted antepartum depression risk, while none of the three types of CM predicted postpartum depression risk. Physical abuse did not predict antepartum and postpartum depression risk. The findings suggest that maternal history of child physical and emotional neglect play significant roles in perinatal depression risk with physical neglect as the most important predictor. Routine screening for maternal CM history and depression risk in prenatal clinics is needed to aid in the early detection and treatment of depression.  相似文献   

An orthopedagogical method for children with a depression     

Frank De Fever 《欧洲特需教育杂志》2013,28(3):262-274

ABSTRACT

An orthopedagogical method for teaching children with a depression is presented here. Relatively unknown in the English‐speaking world, orthopedagogy is a pedagogical discipline that is aimed at an entire action field. It does not target the child with handicap, but the entire problematic educational situation (PES). Orthopedagogy is the scientific study of assistance given to those concerned with a PES ‐ namely, the child, parents, brothers and sisters, grandparents, and so on. To break through a PES or to get rid of it, the orthopedagogician has to listen to the orthopedagogical request for help of the child and give an appropriate answer to it. On the basis of a theoretical model of Paul Gilbert, an orthopedagogic request for helping children with a depression was formulated. Gilbert's model offers a perspective derived from evolution theory and argues for the adoption of a bio‐psychological approach. Children with a depression request a warm and loving climate, an attractive and simple education situation and close involvement on the part of the educator. To answer that request, we set orthopedagogical action on two tracks. On track 1 (dialogical action) we try to break through the PES by asking the educator to over‐accentuate the pedagogical climate, the education situation and his/her own presentation. On track 2 (technical action) we designed an approach aimed at children aged between 6 and 12 years with a depression.  相似文献   

中药复方对抑郁模型小鼠学习记忆能力及脑内SDF-1的影响     

杜娜  陈倩  李洋  肖婧珊  姚梦姣  李亚 《环球赛鸽科技》2015,(3)

目的：探讨中药复方枳菊解郁汤对抑郁模型小鼠空间学习记忆能力的影响及其机制。方法：采用多种因素慢性轻度不可预见性应激方式建立抑郁模型小鼠,分别给予小鼠低、中、高剂量枳菊解郁汤处理。采用Morris水迷宫实验,检测小鼠的空间学习记忆能力的变化;通过免疫组织化学方法检测脑内基质细胞衍生因子(SDF-1)的表达。结果：与对照组相比,模型组小鼠的空间学习记忆能力明显下降(P<0.01),SDF-1在海马CA1,CA3,DG及前脑皮层的表达明显降低(P<0.05);与模型组相比,枳菊解郁汤中剂量组小鼠的空间学习记忆能力明显增高(P<0.05),SDF-1在海马CA1,CA3,DG及前脑皮层的表达明显增加(P<0.05)。结论：枳菊解郁汤的抗抑郁作用可能与SDF-1的表达上调有关。  相似文献   

Realism in Steinbeck''''s Works     

龙中莲 《读与写:教育教学刊》2009,(3)

As the foremost novelist of the American Depression of the 1930s,John Steinbeck explored hard into the social problems of his time and tried to represent them into his works.It is no wonder his works are mostly carded realism- this literary mode of writing that gives the impression of recording and sometimes reflecting faithfully the actual life of the 1930s.  相似文献   

Changes in parental depression symptoms during family preservation services     

Chaffin M  Bard D 《Child abuse & neglect》2011,35(6):448-458

Objectives

Parental depression symptoms often change over the course of child welfare family preservation and parenting services. This raises the question of whether certain processes in family preservation services might be associated with depression symptom change. This study tests three correlational models of change among family preservation service participants: (a) changes in depression symptoms are one facet of broad general changes in wellbeing; (b) the quality of the home visitor-client relationship is associated depression symptom changes; and (c) linking parents to adjunctive services is associated with symptom changes.

Methods

Participants were 2,175 parents in family preservation services, largely for child neglect, who were surveyed using standard measures at pre-treatment, post-treatment and 6 month follow-up. Change patterns were evaluated using growth models, including bivariate parallel and multivariate second-order models.

Results

Parallel growth was noted among depression symptoms and changes in social, economic, familial, and parenting domains. A second order change model positing a global change pattern fit the data well. Working alliance had a modest association with improvement, but successful linkage to outside mental health services was not associated with improvement.

Conclusions

Changes in diverse indicators of wellbeing follow a global pattern which might support use of less complex rather than more fully comprehensive service plans. Findings about lack of adjunctive usual care mental health service benefit may be related to uncontrolled factors and this is a topic in need of additional study.  相似文献