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Diverse forms of constructivism can be found in the literature today. They exhibit a commonality regarding certain classical positions that they oppose - a unity in their negative identities - but a sometimes wild multiplicity and incompatibility regarding the positive proposals that they put forward. In particular, some constructivisms propose an epistemological idealism, with a concomitant relativism, while others are explicitly opposed to such positions, and move in multifarious different directions. This is a potentially confusing situation, and has resulted in some critics branding all constructivisms with the charge of relativism, and throwing out the baby with the bath water. In addition, since the epistemological foundations of even non-relativist constructivisms are not as familiar as the classical positions, there is a risk of mis-interpretation of constructivisms and their consequences, even by some who endorse them, not to mention those who criticize. Because I urge that some version of constructivism is an epistemological necessity, this situation strikes me as seriously unfortunate for philosophy, and potentially dangerous for the practice of education. 相似文献
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"支架理论"对早期阅读有六点启示:澄清观念为基本前提、儿童为本为核心理念、多样化阅读为集中体现、语言环境创设为关键因素、师幼互动为现实途径、多元评价为检验方式。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTThe overall aim of this study is to explore how individual children with long-term school difficulties follow unique ‘trajectories of participation’ in special educational needs settings, sometimes in unexpected ways, and how this contributes to alternative forms of identification and processes of learning. The data draws on long-term video-ethnographic work, tracing trajectories of participation during the course of a school year for an individual girl with an ADHD diagnosis who is a newcomer to a special support school in Sweden. We use a multi-layered theoretical and methodological framework to learning, identities and participation as situated practices to explore how the focal girl, through her everyday participation in classroom contexts structured to amplify the student’s capabilities, gradually moves from an ‘unwilling student’ to an ‘agentive learner’. Through a multimodal interactional analysis, we demonstrate how the focal girl’s actions and the teacher’s scaffolding responses are interactionally organised, and the emotional and relational dimensions in the creation of participation frameworks for learning. It is argued that the student’s agency and emerging emotional engagement in school-based learning are intimately linked to the pursuit of building long-term learning relationships based on mutual trust. 相似文献
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Attention to core concepts in science and engineering in early education has grown recently, and understanding levers as force amplifiers can be recognized as one of these. Previous studies focused on two-sided levers and do not provide sufficient information about children's knowledge of levers as force amplifiers, nor about their learning and its support from an education perspective. It is important to consider load distance and force distance separately, as may be done in one-sided levers, to understand children's knowledge of levers as “simple machines” thoroughly. Moreover, children's zone of proximal development and the possibilities to foster their knowledge should be explored to understand important features of teaching. We thus directed two studies with 6- to 7-year-old children. In study 1, we conducted a paper-and-pencil test in the context of wheelbarrows (N = 370; age M = 6.62). We investigated whether it is possible to empirically separate the features load, load distance, and force distance as well as to determine their level of difficulty. Our study showed that children's concepts of the three aspects load, load distance, and force distance are fragmented, with children finding it continuously more difficult to judge load, load distance, and force distance correctly. In study 2, we developed a 20-min intervention with a controlled 2 × 2 pre-post follow-up design for exploring the zone of proximal development of 304 6- to 7-year-old children in the domain of one-sided levers as force amplifiers, focusing on force distance and load distance. We implemented a structured learning environment that encouraged the children to manipulate wheelbarrows and supported them with pictures and/or verbal prompts. 6- to 7-year-old children had a higher learning gain when they were exposed to scaffolds that combined pictures and verbal prompts in the posttest as well as in the follow-up test four weeks later compared to the control group. 相似文献
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王磊 《成都教育学院学报》2011,(3):37-39
支架式教学是建构主义理论下一种成熟的教学模式,它在处理＂教＂与＂学＂二者之间的关系方面提出了具有创造性的见解。从该模式的理论依据、具体应用角度出发,探讨运用支架式教学如何在翻译实践中培养学生自主学习的能力问题,对翻译教学实践研究具有指导性的意义。 相似文献
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王云云 《湖北函授大学学报》2015,(1):131-132
作为高校英语教学中最难的一个环节,写作教学一直是教学中的薄弱环节,也是学生学习中较大的障碍。写作教学模式改变不了训练不足、质量不高的写作训练模式,许多学生畏惧英语写作,无法有效地提高学生的写作水平。支架式教学法是一种以学生为中心,针对不同学生的学习能力、学习水平,来构建符合学生发展趋势的支架,形成对知识有意义的建构,该教学模式可以为高校英语教师提供很好的指导作用。文章将根据高校英语写作教学的现状和问题,并且依据《课标》对高校生写作能力的要求,结合支架式教学模式在高校英语写作教学中的应用,阐述这种教学模式对于高校生写作水平提高的作用。 相似文献
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建构主义理论的发展与成熟催生了新的教学观,诸如支架式教学。此种教学方式下强调学习的构建过程是知识网络形成的过程,即教师的自主学习设计策略的实施是对知识网络形成的外部影响,而学生自主学习设计是知识内化的必然结果,因此要特别重视发挥教师的组织作用和学生的主体作用。商务类双语课程基于其课程性质,与建构主义之下的支架式教学思想不谋而合。 相似文献
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传统的体育课堂教学效率低下,体育教师不知道如何帮助学生更好地学习,在新课改的形势下,运用支架式教学于体育教学过程,构建体育教师和学生互动,共同参与体育课堂活动的教学模式,有利于提高体育课的教学效率,促进体育教师和学生的共同发展。 相似文献
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Appreciation of problem structure is critical to successful learning. Two experiments investigated effective ways of communicating problem structure in a computer-based learning environment and tested whether verbal instruction is necessary to specify solution steps, when deep structure is already embellished by instructional examples. Participants learned to solve algebra-like problems and then solved transfer problems that required adjustment of learned procedures. Experiment 1 demonstrated that verbal instruction helped learning by reducing learners' floundering, but its positive effect disappeared in the transfer. More importantly, students transferred better when they studied with examples that emphasized problem structure rather than solution procedure. Experiment 2 showed that verbal instruction was not necessarily more effective than nonverbal scaffolding to convey problem structure. Final understanding was determined by transparency of problem structure regardless of presence of verbal instruction. However, verbal instruction had a positive impact on learners by having them persist through the task, and optimal instructional choices were likely to differ depending on populations of learners. 相似文献