Individual and contextual factors in ethical decision making: A case study of the most significant doping scandal in Canadian university sports history     

《Sport Management Review》2016,19(1):61-68

This case study is written for instructors of sport management courses focused on ethics and integrity-related issues in team environments. The case highlights the real world example of the University of Waterloo Warriors varsity football that, in 2010, experienced the most significant doping scandal in Canadian university sports history, with a total of nine anti-doping rule violations asserted through the Canadian Centre for Ethics in Sport. This case study also incorporates the findings of an independent review of the Waterloo football program in relation to the use of banned substances, and includes first-hand accounts from Bob Copeland who was the acting director of athletics. These findings are then interpreted in the context of relevant theory related to performance enhancing drugs (PEDs) use. Along with the findings of this review, which included interviews with athletes, coaches, and administrators, the case study provides important insights into ethical decision making processes and leadership structures in a team sport environment. Particular emphasis is placed on the role that individual cognitive antecedents and contextual organizational factors (i.e., policies, leadership, ethical climate, and infrastructure) play in ethical decision-making processes.  相似文献   

Resiliency as a factor protecting youths from risky behaviour: Moderating effects of gender and sport     

Mariusz Lipowski  Małgorzata Lipowska  Magdalena Jochimek  Daniel Krokosz 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(2):246-255

We hypothesised that resiliency may protect adolescents against risky behaviours, and that both the practicing of sports, and gender are moderating variables in relationships between resiliency and risky behaviours. The study included 18-year-old pupils from a selection of secondary schools (n = 556). A total of 188 individuals practiced competitive sports and the remaining 368 participants were non-athletes. The participants were examined with the Resiliency Assessment Scale for Children and Adolescents (SPP-18) and with a survey containing questions and statements related to high-risk “experiments with adulthood”. Adolescent athletes showed higher levels of resiliency than their peers. The power of the “Determination and Persistence in Action” effect on “Alcohol” scale differed significantly between male athletes and male non-athletes. Only in the athletes groups were higher scores on this scale reflected by lower values on the “Drugs” scale. Moreover, it is possible to observe differences in undertaking risky behaviour between male and female athletes. The analysis of risky sexual behaviour suggests that sport is a risk factor for men, and a protective factor for women. These data suggest that consistent prophylactic and psycho-educative activities, with a special attention to differences between genders, should be provided to all the adolescents, irrespective of their sport performance levels.  相似文献   

Organosilicon reagents in natural product synthesis     

Hari Prasad 《Resonance》2002,7(12):48-64

Berzelius, the Swedish chemist in 1807 introduced the term ‘organic compounds’ as those substances derived from once living organisms (organized systems). Carbon exhibits the property of catenation (formation of chains) and forms a plethora of compounds on earth. Silicon on the other hand which is placed below carbon in the periodic table does not exhibit this property. This article is a brief account of some of the several reagents and classes of compounds encountered in organosilicon chemistry.  相似文献   

高通量药物筛选中靶分子固定化数学物理模型的建立     

李松军  刘白玲 《中国科学院研究生院学报》2005,22(2):179-186

通过对高能量药物筛选基本过程的分析 ,探索了靶分子固定化可能对筛选质量构成的影响 .从分子相互作用看 ,实际的过程远较理想的情况复杂 .分子间存在的静电力、疏水作用力及氢键力能对固定化的机理构成较大影响 ,甚至可能诱发多层吸附的固定化模式 .基于固定化过程中可能存在的靶分子与靶分子、靶分子与微球、体相与表面相之间的相互作用 ,构筑了相应的数学物理模型 ,为实际的筛选工作提供了可参考的理论依据 .  相似文献   

药物高通量亲合色谱筛选中定性定量模型的建立     

刘白玲  李松军 《中国科学院研究生院学报》2006,23(1):31-38

通过对AC高通量筛选过程的分析，建立了AC技术筛选药物的定性及定量模型，为高通量药物筛选提供了必要的理论指导。  相似文献   

超声波理疗复方中药导入制剂的研究与配制     

汪晓阳  耿京龙  范常鑫  丁文  王晓东  韩雨梅  陈宝明 《搏击·武术科学》2011,(2):79-82

超声波理疗可治疗疾患和促进机体康复。针对复方中药超声波导入液的配制进行研究,按照中药复方的"君"、"臣"、"佐"、"使"的组方原则进行药方选定,据各单味药的醇类、油脂类、水溶性的药性进行提纯融合,并跟最适合比例的芦荟、基质进行配制,其应用前景广阔。  相似文献   

基于政府和医药零售企业博弈的促进过期药品回收的策略研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王高玲  汤少梁  沈爱琴  倪杰 《预测》2011,30(5)

本文从过期药品回收的现状入手,引入宣传教育成本、健康收益和绿色收益的概念,构建了政府和医药零售企业博弈模型,从政府、企业和消费者层面提出了解决过期药品回收过程中现存问题的具体策略.  相似文献   

Requests About Explosives and Illicit Drugs: A New Paradigm     

Philip Barnett 《The Reference Librarian》2014,55(2):118-127

This article addresses what reference librarians should do when patrons ask for information about explosives or dangerous drugs, and explores how reference librarians can possibly deter people from dangerous, unmediated searches by proactively providing information and actual examples on the dangers and risks of making and using these materials.  相似文献   

模拟移动床色谱分离手性药物的研究进展     

练海滨  卢建刚 《丽水学院学报》2008,30(2):34-36

手性药物对映体分离理论与应用技术在药物及生命科学研究领域中占有极为重要的位置,是当前制药工业和生物技术发展的尖端研究课题。模拟移动床色谱已被国际上公认为制备规模拆分手性药物的最有效手段。介绍了模拟移动床色谱数学模型和数值分析方法的最新进展。  相似文献   

乳腺癌耐受蛋白介导5-氟脲嘧啶的耐受及机制探讨     

袁建辉  贺智敏  吕辉  余艳辉  陈主初 《深圳特区科技》2005,(Z1):106-112

AIM To filtrate breast cancer resistance protein(BCRP)-mediated resistance agents and investigate the mechanism,so as to provide valuable datum for optimization clinical chemotherapy scheme to tumor with evaluation marker of BCRP expression. METHODS MTT assay was used to filtrate BCRP-mediated resistance agents with PA317/Tet-on/TRE-BCRP cell of different expression levels of BCRP after treated with different concentration anticancer agents. High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was applied to measure relative dose of intracellular retention resistance agents. Nuclear DNA fluorescence dye,Hochest 33258, staining and flow cytometry were adopted to detect apoptotic cells after treated with drugs. RESULTS There were shown increasing durg-resistance to 5-fluorouracil,methotrexate, doxirubicin, pirarubicin,etoposide and mitoxantrone followed with increasing expression of BCRP on PA317/Tet-on/TRE-BCRP cells(P＜0.05, n=3),but shown sensitive to paclitaxel, cisplatin, vincristine, mitomycin and vindesine. There also was shown significant negative correlation between the intracellular retention dose of 5-fluorouracil with different expression of BCRP(r=-0.885, P＜0.05, n=3).There were shown parallel results of that decreasing cellular apoptotic rate with increasing cellular expression of BCRP after treated with 5-fluorouracil by fluorescence dye staining and flow cytometry(P＜0.05, n=3),and also shown significate rise of the apoptotic rate of BCRP expression cells after treated with Ko143 (P＜0.05, n=3). Every group of cells could be different extently blocked in phase of G0/G1 treated with 5-fluorouracil. CONCLUSION Resistance of 5-fluorouracil could be especially mediated by conjugated with BCRP and acted as drug exclude-pump substrate. Cellular ability resistant to 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis could be reinforced by BCRP expression.  相似文献