Systems model and individual simulations of training strategies in elite short-track speed skaters     

Thibaut Méline  Ludovic Mathieu  Fabio Borrani  Robin Candau 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(3):347-355

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of simulated training strategies on performance potential in elite short-track speed skaters. Training load and field-based criterion performances from fifteen athletes (10 males, 5 females) were collected over a 3-month training period and the relationship between training loads and performance was computed with a variable dose-response model using a genetic algorithm. Individual simulations of tapers preceded or not preceded by an overload training (OT) were assessed. We obtained a significant correlation between actual and modelled performances (R² = 0.76 ± 0.07). Regarding model parameters, no significant difference was found between males and females but the time to recover performance tended to be lower in females. Simulations in which the taper parameters were free highlighted that an exponential or a step taper were the most effective for increasing performance compared to a linear taper (p < 0.05). Optimal exponential taper duration after OT was 10.7 ± 2.4d and the optimal load reduction was 75.9 ± 3.7%. OT intensity had the greatest influence on the predicted performance, followed by OT duration, taper decay, and to a lesser extent load reduction during taper and taper duration. Thus, a variable dose-response systems model allows the evaluation of different taper strategies and their potential effect on performance changes.  相似文献   

减训四周对大鼠比目鱼肌超微结构影响的研究     

王丽娜 《四川体育科学》2011,(2):41-43,65

为了探讨减量训练对骨骼肌超微结构的影响,将2月龄雄性Wistar大鼠46只,按体重随机分为正常对照组（NC）16只、负荷组（E组）30只。在第7周周末将大鼠按照体重再随机分组,分成同等负荷继续训练组（EC组）10只、减训组（T组）10只。经过共11周的负重游泳训练,最后对右侧比目鱼肌进行组化实验,观察各个组大鼠比目鱼肌超微结构的变化。结果显示：长期的大负荷训练对大鼠机体造成运动损伤,表现在大鼠比目鱼肌肌组织结构产生病理化变化;运动强度不变,运动时间减少的减量训练4周后,能缓解大鼠机体前一段时间大负荷训练造成的疲劳积累并且肌组织损伤在一定程度上得到修复并产生适应。  相似文献   

减量训练通过不同亚型的PI3K对心肌的影响机制     

张军 《成都体育学院学报》2016,(5):107-112

目的：探讨在减量训练过程中，不同亚型的 PI3K 影响心肌的机制。方法：72只雄性 SD大鼠随机分为：3周安静对照组（C3）和3周大运动量训练组（E3）；3天对照组（C4）和3天减量训练组（E4）；6天对照组（C5）和6天减量训练组（E5）；2周对照组（C6）和2周减量训练组（ E6）。3周大运动量训练和2周的减量训练后取左心室肌组织，测定 PI3K p85、PI3K p110α和PI3K p110γ蛋白采用 Western blotting 方法。心肌组织形态学采用 HE 染色在光镜下观察。结果：3周大运动量训练和2周减量训练后，心肌组织形态没有显著变化，未发现心肌组织损伤。6天减量训练后，心肌 PI3K p110α蛋白表达显著增加（P ＜0.05）。2周减量训练后，心肌 PI3K p110α／ PI3K p85显著增加（P ＜0.05）。3周大运动量训练和减量训练后，心肌 PI3K p110γ蛋白表达没有显著变化（P ＞0.05）。结论：本研究制定的运动训练和减量训练方案未造成心肌损伤。减量训练通过不同亚型的PI3K影响心肌。  相似文献