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1.
Daniel López-Plaza Fernando Alacid José María Muyor Pedro Ángel López-Miñarro 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(11):1083-1090
This study aimed to identify the maturity-related differences and its influence on the physical fitness, morphological and performance characteristics of young elite paddlers. In total, 89 kayakers and 82 canoeists, aged 13.69 ± 0.57 years (mean ± s), were allocated in three groups depending on their age relative to the age at peak height velocity (pre-APHV, circum-APHV and post-APHV) and discipline (kayak and canoe). Nine anthropometric variables, a battery of four physical fitness tests (overhead medicine ball throw, countermovement jump, sit-and-reach test and 20 m multistage shuttle run test) and three specific performance tests (1000, 500 and 200 m) were assessed. Both disciplines presented significant maturity-based differences in all anthropometric parameters (except for fat and muscle mass percentage), overhead medicine ball throw and all performance times (pre > circum > post; P < 0.05). Negative and significant correlations (P < 0.01) were detected between performance times, chronological age and anthropometry (body mass, height, sitting height and maturity status), overhead medicine ball throw and sit and reach for all distances. These findings confirm the importance of maturity status in sprint kayaking and canoeing since the more mature paddlers were also those who revealed largest body size, physical fitness level and best paddling performance. Additionally, the most important variables predicting performance times in kayaking and canoeing were maturity status and chronological age, respectively. 相似文献
2.
Eric Sprigings Peter McNair Grant Mawston David Sumner Mark Boocock 《Sports Engineering》2006,9(3):147-153
The intent of this project was to explore the feasibility of personalising the paddle blade size for individual flatwater
kayakers based on their power output profiles. Twelve elite male kayakers performed on a kayak ergometer at the same intensity
and resistance that they would normally experience while paddling at race pace for 500 m on the water. The kayak ergometer
was instrumented so that power profiles could be determined from the instantaneous force and velocity of the representative
centre point of the paddle blade. From the power profile information, the researchers calculated a personalised blade size
that was expected to improve performance for those kayakers differing more than 5% from the calculated ‘ideal’ size. For the
elite kayakers studied, it was recommended that seven of the paddlers should increase their blade size by approximately 5–10%.
For the remaining five paddlers, the results indicated that their current blade sizes were within the expected measurement
error of their predicted ideal value and should be retained. It is anticipated that this research will provide the theoretical
rationale for elite kayakers to see the need to personalise their blade size based on their own muscle power profiles. 相似文献
3.
以备战2004年雅典奥运会资格赛的14名国家激流回旋集训队划艇运动员为研究对象,采用问卷调查和因子分析法,从45项测试指标中遴选出反映该项目运动素质主要特征的5类素质指标,为激流回旋运动的训练实践提供科学依据. 相似文献
4.
男子皮艇比赛战术方案探讨 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用生物力学和生理学的方法,对皮艇500 m 和1 000 m 比赛的4 种战术方案进行研究。通过对四种战术方案的速度、功率、划浆速度、吸氧量、需氧量、心率的测试,比较了4 种战术方案的效果。结果显示第4 种战术方案的生物力学和能量特征最为有效 相似文献
5.
6.
以辽宁省女子皮艇队运动员和营口市水上运动学校女子青少年运动员各15名为研究对象,采用Best Poise V1.0平衡能力测试系统和八级腹桥测试评分,分别测试运动员的静态平衡能力和核心力量,考察不同水平运动员平衡能力和核心力量的差别,为女子皮艇运动员的核心力量训练提供参考。 相似文献
7.
Contextual interference is manipulated by changing the practice order of a number of similar motor tasks, so that the learning context of each interferes with that of the other. The effect has been found to generalize to baseball batting, badminton serving and volleyball skills. The present study examined whether this practice technique could be applied to a Pawlata roll in a kayak. The study was further motivated by the fact that many instructors in Britain currently advocate learning the Pawlata roll in one direction only to a criterion of accuracy, thereafter transferring to the opposite direction. Contextual interference literature predicts that skill retention would be better served by practising on alternate sides. Accordingly, 16 undergraduate students with no kayaking experience were randomly allocated to either a low contextual interference group, which followed U'ren's (1993) recommendations, or a high contextual interference group, which practised the skill on alternate sides. The high contextual interference group took less time to acquire the skill, and were also quicker to achieve successful performance in retention (full roll) and transfer (half roll) tests, regardless of the direction of the roll, 1 week later. The time savings in practice were not expected, as acquisition under high contextual interference was improved rather than impaired. This finding suggests that bilateral transfer was increased by randomizing practice. These results are worthy of further investigation, in that they suggest that the recommended training methods may not be optimal. 相似文献
8.
Kuan Ong Bruce Elliott Tim Ackland Andrew Lyttle 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(1):77-94
The aim of this study was to examine the inter‐relationship between athlete morphology, equipment set‐up and performance in elite sprint kayaking. Correlations applied to data from the 2000 Olympics were used to select the most important links between morphology and boat set‐up — paddle grip width and foot‐bar distance. Associations between body size and the above selected equipment set‐ups were calculated using a Pearson correlation matrix, to facilitate the logical selection of independent variables as input for regression analyses. Significant (p < 0.01) regression equations were developed for the prediction of foot‐bar distance (r2 = 0.589: standard error of estimate (SEE) = 4.48) and paddle grip width (r2 = 0.541: SEE = 3.08). Three national‐standard sprint kayakers used their preferred set‐up together with modifications of their predicted set‐up, derived from Olympic data, to test performance tolerance in sprint kayaking. Mean coefficients of multiple determination over three trials for the three paddlers of 0.91, 0.91 and 0.92 for left paddle force, right paddle force, and paddle angle at water entry, respectively, were recorded when using their preferred set‐up. These data showed that the paddlers produce consistent patterns of motion. The intervention of altering the boat set‐up resulted in varying changes to boat speed. The mean preferred speed for the three paddlers of 4.47 m/s was reduced by 0.07 and 0.10 m/s when the above boat set‐up was modified to a predicted and ‘predicted plus one standard deviation’ respectively. These changes in boat speed were the result of alterations in the mechanics of paddling technique. 相似文献
9.
通过分析皮划艇激流回旋项目运动员在实际比赛中的表现以及该项目的特点,探讨了我国激流回旋项目上存在的缺点和不足,提出合理改进建议及如何提高运动员比赛成绩的构想。 相似文献
10.
我国优秀激流回旋运动员运动素质训练监测指标的研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
余帆 《武汉体育学院学报》2004,38(1):69-72
以备战2004年雅典奥运会资格赛的14名国家激流集训队划艇选手为研究对象，对所选取的17项运动素质指标进行测试和分析，确定影响优秀激流运动员运动素质的主要因子，选出8项身体训练的监测指标，并制定了评定标准和评定方法。 相似文献